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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences electron cyclotron resonance ion source for the heavy ion medical accelerator in Chiba : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1087-1089 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The development of an electron cyclotron resonance ion source for the heavy ion medical accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) injector is reported. The HIMAC is a heavy ion medical accelerator for cancer therapy. The electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source is expected to provide a long lifetime, easy operation, and easy maintenance for medical use. The NIRS-ECR ion source has a single closed ECR stage, and a microwave frequency of 10 GHz is applied. Under the present performance, the output electrical currents of the ions are 2500 eμA for He1+, 300 eμA for C2+, 480 eμA for Ne3+, and 110 eμA for Ar6+. Stability of the intensity is better than 2%. The transmission efficiency through a low-energy beam-transport line with an acceptance of 200 πmm mrad is more than 70%; the typical 50% and 90% emittances of the injection beam with 8 keV/u are 20 and 80 πmm mrad, respectively. These performances satisfy the requirements for radiotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145071
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the muscle plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletons of mdx mice by quick-freeze, deep-etch, rotary-shadow replica method (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 618-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: mdx and control mice muscles ; Dystrophin ; Quick-freeze, deep-etch, rotary-shadow replica ; Muscle plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene product “dystrophin” is a sarcolemma-associated cytoskeleton which is present just inside the sarcolemma. We investigated the ultrastructure and the relationship of this cytoskeleton to the muscle plasma membrane by immunoelectron microscopy and freeze-etch electron microscopy of liquid helium-frozen fresh muscles. The immunoelectron microscopy of the extensor digitorum longus muscles of six mdx mice and six control mice showed the location of anti-dystrophin antibody along the muscle plasma membrane undercoat of all the muscle samples from the control mice without any antibody reaction in the mdx mice muscles. Fresh extensor digitorum longus muscles of seven mdx and six control mice were quick-frozen in liquid helium in the rapid-freeze device. High-magnification electron microscopy of the deep-etch, rotary-shadow replicas of the frozen muscles showed the network formation and attachment of individual rod-shaped cytoskeletons of variable size to the cytoplasmic surface of the muscle plasma membrane in both mdx mice and control mice. The length of cytoskeletons attached to the muscle plasma membranes was measured and mean length±SE in mdx mice and control mice were 98±4 nm and 101±3 nm, respectively. Although these values were not statistically different (P〉0.1), the distribution frequency of 130–150 nm muscle plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletons was 7.9% in mdx mice versus 14.5% in control mice. Since the predicted length of dystrophin is 125–150 nm, the 130- to 150-nm plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletons of mdx control mice may include dystrophin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307629
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gold-labelled dystrophin molecule in muscle plasmalemma of mdx control mice as seen by electron microscopy of deep etching replica (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 178-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: mdx and control mice muscles ; Quick-freeze, deep-etch, rotary-shadow replica ; Gold-labelled dystrophin ; Shape of dystrophin molecule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Duchenne muscular dystrophy product ‘dystrophin’ has been shown to be located at the inner surface of normal muscle plasma membrane. This study was undertaken to visualize the shape of dystrophin molecules and their topographical distribution at the inner surface of murine skeletal muscle plasma membrane. The immunogold electron microscopy of plastic-embedded quadriceps femoris muscles of six mdx mice and six control mice showed the presence of gold particles along the muscle plasma membrane undercoat of all muscle samples from the control mice without any antibody reaction in the mdx mice muscles. The gold-labelled muscles of six mdx and six control mice were quickly frozen by liquid helium in a rapid-freeze apparatus. High magnification electron microscopy of the quick-freeze, deep-etch, rotary-shadow replicas of the gold-labelled muscles demonstrated the presence of dystrophin molecules associated with gold particles at the cytoplasmic surface of mdx control mice. The dystrophin molecules displayed a variety of shapes, such as rods with a reduction in diameter from one end to the other end and/or with the enlargement of their end(s). These dystrophin molecules were incorporated in the meshowork of muscle plasma membrane-associated cytoskeletons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294443
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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