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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early detection of IgA specific antibodies in HIV-1 infected children by peptide-ELISA and peptide time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 484-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Mother-to-child transmission ; HIV-1 ; IgA antibodies ; Peptide-ELISA ; Time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The presence of specific IgA antibodies in sera from 25 infants born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers was investigated by peptide-ELISA and peptide time-resolved fluoro-immunoassay (TR-FIA). The infants had been monitored at different times after birth for clinical signs and/or symptoms of HIV-1 infection and for detection of HIV-1 in lymphocyte cultures. Serum samples had also been tested for HIV-1 IgG antibodies by commercial ELISA and Western blot and for p24 antigen. Eleven of 25 children were then identified as infected. IgA detection was performed after rProtein G treatment to remove interfering IgG. In the infected group, IgA specific antibodies to a synthetic peptide representing a highly conserved region of the transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 (env: 594–613) were detected in 27 (73%) out of 37 serum samples (9 of 11 children) by the peptide-ELISA test. IgA specific antibodies to the same peptide were found in 30 (81%) sera (9 of 11 children) by the peptide-TR-FIA. Specific HIV-1 IgA antibodies were detected as early as 2 months of age in serum samples from five out of seven children (71% sensitivity) using peptide-ELISA and from six out of seven (86% sensitivity) by peptide-TR-FIA. Conversely, IgA specific antibodies to HIV-1 were absent in two infected children as well as in the sera of all uninfected children tested during the follow up period. Since maternal IgA does not cross the placenta, IgA detection in the serum of the infant is indicative of HIV-1 infection. Indeed, the early demonstration of HIV-1 IgA antibodies in infected infants shows that both peptide-ELISA and peptide-TR-FIA can be used for an early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955055
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    T Cell V-Gene Usage in Man in Some Normal and Abnormal Situations (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 636 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb33433.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    0KT3-Induced Cytokine mRNA Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Measured by Polymerase Chain Reaction (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 36 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The kinetic profile of cytokine gene expression in normal human peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) activated by an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody was studied. The presence or absence of 10 different cytokine mRNA were measured in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assisted mRNA amplification assay. Afler 2 h of stimulation the mRNA for interleukin-lα (IL-lα). interleukin-2 (IL-2). interleukin-3 (IL-3). tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were detectable and remained present during the whole time period studied (22 h). lnterleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were detected after 4 h. while interleukin-1O (IL-1O) mRNA did not appear until after 7 h: they all remained expressed at 22 h. A transient expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA was observed between 4 and 7 h of stimulation. No gene expression of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was detected at any time. These results show that anti-CD3 stimulation of MNC leads to a rapid sequential induction of different cytokine mRNA. some with a very transient expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb03135.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal T-Cell Expansion and V-Gene Usage in Myasthenia Gravis Patients (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 34 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine the extent of V-gene heterogeneity of blood T lymphocytes in patients suffering from Myasthenia Gravis (MG), we used eight recently available monoclonal antibodies (MoAb), directed against different Vα and Vβ gene products of the variable part of the T-cell receptor (TCR), covering approximately 25% of the α/β T cells in normal peripheral blood (PBL) of healthy individuals. Using a two-colour immunofluorescence method, we could calculate the expression of α/β V segments within the two major T-cell subsets, CD4-/CD8+ and CD4+/CD8- lymphocytes. Twenty-seven per cent (4/15) of the MG patients had T cells showing signs of abnormal expansion. Furthermore, among these expanded T cells, a restricted Vβ12 gene expansion could be seen, in three out of four patients. No correlation between TCR V-gene usage and HLA haplotypes (HLA-A, -B, -DR and -DQ) could be seen. Our data suggest that the majority of MG patients have abnormally expanded T-cell clones. The relevance of these findings is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01533.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nearly Identical T-Cell Receptor V-Gene Usage at Birth in Two Cohorts of Distinctly Different Ethnic Origin: Influence of Environment in the Final Maturation in the Adult (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 36 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have previously analysed the T-cell receptor (TCR) V-gene usage in peripheral blood T lymphocytes from a group of healthy Scandinavians, and described a biased representation (i.e. a statistically significant higher median representation) for some of the TCR V genes towards the CD4+ subpopulation. In a subsequent study the usage of the same V genes was analysed in single positive (CD4+CD8− and CD4−CD8+) human thymocytes, and a similar type of skewness was noted. These observations might be explained by an influence of the specificity of the TCR of thymocytes on the maturation into the CD4+ or the CD8+ lineage. Such a model would assume an interaction between a common determinant on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I or class II molecules, or with a peptide that is preferentially presented by either of the two molecules, and the TCR on the maturing thymocyte. To investigate the possible influence of a different genetic background and environment on skewed TCR V-gene representation, we have in this study analysed the TCR V-gene usage in peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood lymphocytes obtained from Asians, with a different ethnic and environmental background from our previous Scandinavian subjects. In the umbilical cord blood lymphocytes the TCR V-gene usage was close to identical between the two different ethnic groups in both CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations. Analysing the peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) TCR V-gene usage, we found that three of the four monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) with a biased reactivity towards the CD4+ subpopulation in the Scandinavian group also showed a similar skewed reactivity in this study. Thus, the majority of the TCR V genes were used in a similar way. Some minor but definite disrepancies could be detected when comparing ICR V-gene usage in adult individuals from these two different ethnic groups. These differences could be inferred to be due to selective peripheral expansion through environmental pressure of T cells utilizing a specific Vβ gene segment.We conclude that a striking preservation of biased TCR V-gene usage does exist in humans of distinctly different ethnic origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1992.tb02942.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Surface Antigen on Human Lymphocytes Defined by the Murine Monoclonal Antibody IVF7 (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 31 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) IVF7 was produced against tumour cells from a patient with a CD 3+, CD4+, CD8− T-cell chronic lymphatic leukaemia (T-CLL). The MoAb IVF7 showed reactivity with subpopulations of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), as well as with a few cell lines of haematopoietic origin. Thirty-six percent of PBL were stained with IVF7. Analysing subpopulations, we found that 80% of NK cells, 25% of T cells, and 10–20% of B cells were positive. The myelomonocytic cell line KG-1 was also stained. The molecular weight of the molecule was 40 kDa under reducing conditions. The antigen was found to be trypsinsensitive.MoAb IVF7 could modulate the antigen from the cell surface. The antibody did not stimulate PBL to DNA synthesis, nor did it significantly lnfluence NK cell-mediaied kilting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02793.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of 90Sr on Mouse Natural Killer Cells and their Regulation by Alpha Interferon and Interleukin 2 (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 31 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Male CBA/SU mice were exposed to ionizing radiation by intraperitoneal injection of the boneseekiag β-emitter 90Sr, NK-cell lytic activities in spleen, peripheral blood, and lymph nodes were severely depressed or completely abolished. In contrast, production of the NK regulatory proteins alpha interferon (IFN-x) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) was normal 5–8 weeks after 90Sr injection. IFN-x, produced in vivo or in vitro by cells from injected mice, was able to enhance strongly NK lytic activities. These data indicate that 90Sr acts on the bone marrow, where it interferes with ihe maturation and seeding of NK precursor cells. The mechanisms regulating NK activities in peripheral organs remained relatively unchanged. Finally, we did not detect any major organ redistribution of NK cells as a result of 90Sr irradiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02808.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Monoclonal IgM Antibody to a Methylcholanthrene-Induced Tumour (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 33 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A monoclonal IgM antibody, H17, has been obtained from rats immunized with mouse fibrosarcoma cells from an in vitro established methylcholanthrene(MCA)induced tumour. H17 shows specific and very selective binding to α-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAcα) when tested for reactivity to a panel of glycolipids. It cross-reacts with GalNAcα on the Forssman antigen extracted from dog small intestine, but not from the human blood group A determinant, a finding not commonly observed among antibodies with this specificity. Despite its specificity. H17 does not react with TA3-Ha, a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma, known to express the Tn antigen (GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr). The uniqueness of HI7 probably relates to the fact that it has been generated against an MCA-induced tumour rather than against the pure saecharide itself, Minimum energy conformation structures of different GalNAcα containing saecharide molecules were computer modelled lo allow a plausible interpretation of the accessible site of GalNAcα for successful interaction with the H17 para tope as compared lo other GalNAcα binding antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01781.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody Directed Against the Phosphotyrosine Kinase p56lck, in Human T Cells (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 33 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A monoclonal antibody (anti-p56lck) was generated against a fusion protein containing the residues 145–509 of the human p56lck, a lymphoeyte-specific membrane-associated protein tyrosine kinase. The involvement of this enzyme in T-cell transmembrane signalling seems to be an early and crucial event during T-cell receptor-mediated activation. We have produced a monoclonal antibody which recognizes p56lck in free form and when associated with CD4. H functions in western blot analysis and is capable of selectively blocking auto-phosphorylation of this kinase. This monoclonal antibody should be useful for investigating the role of p56lck in T-cell activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1991.tb01784.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural Killer Cell Stimulatory Factor (NKSF)/IL-12 and Cytolytic Activities of PBL/NK Cells from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infected Patients (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 40 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of natural killer stimulatory factor (NKSF/IL-12) on the cytolytic potential of natural killer (NK) cells from normal donors or HIV-1 infected individuals, at different stages of disease. The results obtained confirm the powerful ability of 1L-12 to enhance PBLs cytotoxic activity to tumour cells in normals and in those HIV-1 infected patients, with maintained cytotoxic activity. IL-12 was however poorly effective in enhancing the cytolytic potential of any donors. Similar results were obtained adding IL-2, even at doses as high as 100 IU/ml in patients with CD4 number below 200/mm3. These results should be taken into account when designing therapeutic trials of HIV-1 infection based on cytokines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1994.tb03437.x
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