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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy transport equations for toroidal plasmas (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 31 (1988), S. 1288-1290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The differences in the energy transport equations for tokamaks and stellarators associated with ΓrEr are discussed, where Γr is the radial particle flux and Er is the radial electric field. The energy exchange quantities are evaluated in terms of poloidal plasma flow, pressure gradient, and Er. It is found that for stellarators the radial flux Γr in ΓrEr should be Γr =Γna, the nonaxisymmetric flux, instead of the total particle flux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866758
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in masseter muscle blood flow during voluntary isometric contraction in humans (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  The effect of jaw clenching on local blood flow in the masseter muscle was measured using the hydrogen clearance method in 13 healthy subjects. Sustained isometric masseter-muscle contraction levels of 25 and 50% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) were investigated. The blood flow at 25% MVC before contraction, during contraction and after contraction was 12·3 ± 10·9, 19·2 ± 12·1 and 78·8 ± 63·9 mL min−1 (100 g)−1 (mean ± s.d.), respectively. At 50% MVC, it was 14·2 ± 12·9, 18·6 ± 10·0 and 80·1 ± 61·8, respectively. The volume of blood flow was significantly greater after contraction as compared with before contraction at both levels (P 〈 0·0001) and there was no significant difference between before and during contraction periods (P = 0·17: 25% MVC; P = 0·38: 50% MVC). At 50% MVC blood flow before contraction and the difference in blood flow before and during contraction showed significant negative correlation (r = −0·636, P 〈 0·02). When the volume of blood flow was low before contraction it tended to increase during contraction and decreased when it was high before contraction. These findings indicate that blood flow in the masseter muscle during sustained isometric contraction is affected by the condition of contraction and may be influenced by the muscle region. It was also indicated that the blood flow during high level contraction was influenced by the volume of blood flow before contraction. Clinically, our findings may help to understand pathological changes which may lead to chronic masticatory muscle pain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01461.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate with an improved rabbit ear chamber (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 32 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  In the present study, the biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to the revascularization of the connective tissues was evaluated by using the improved rabbit ear chamber, in vivo. Twenty improved rabbit ear chamber was prepared from 12 male albino-rabbit by using a well through which a material could be introduced into the living vascular tissue. Ten chambers were provided for MTA, and the remaining 10 chambers were used for a calcium hydroxide-containing root canal sealer (Sealapex), as a comparator. A volume of about 1·5 mm3 of the materials were inserted into the chamber and the interaction between the vascular tissue and materials was observed by using a biomicroscope immediately after application, at 1, 3, 5·5, 8, 24, 48, 72 h, and once a week up to 4 weeks. The results revealed that revascularization of connective tissue took place with complete recovery of microcirculation within 4 weeks in both MTA and Sealapex. However, the precipitate-barrier and brown zone around periphery of Sealapex was not observed in MTA treated samples. It can be concluded that MTA is biocompatible and does not produce any adverse site effect on microcirculation of the connective tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01397.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinical study of Japanese patients with ulcer induced by low-dose aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : The incidence and severity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-induced gastro-duodenal ulcer have not been extensively studied in Japan.Aim : We performed a prospective study to clarify NSAIDs-induced gastro-duodenal injury, focusing especially on low-dose aspirin (L-A).Methods : Two hundred and thirty-eight patients with bleeding peptic ulcers admitted to our hospital. History of taking NSAIDs and anti-ulcer drugs was obtained from all patients who underwent endoscopic examinations. The lesion scores of patients taking L-A were classified numerically from zero (no lesion) to five (ulcer).Results : The NSAIDs were associated with 28.2% of hemorrhagic ulcers. The rates of patients using L-A, loxoprofen, diclofenac, and combination of two of these drugs were 27, 16, 10 and 9%, respectively. Co-administered anti-ulcer drugs were cytoprotective anti-ulcer drugs (27%), H2 receptor antagonists (16%), PPI (4%), and none (53%). In patients taking L-A, H2 receptor antagonists were used most frequently. The HP was positive in 63% of L-A-induced ulcer cases and in 69% of NSAIDs other than low-dose aspirin-induced ulcer cases. The lesion scores of patients taking L-A with H2 receptor antagonists or PPI were significantly lower than those of patients who were taking only L-A (P 〈 0.05).Conclusions : Approximately one-third of hospitalized patients with NSAIDs-induced hemorrhagic ulcer showed an association with L-A. Prospective randomized controlled trials including H2 receptor antagonists are required to establish preventive efforts aimed at L-A-induced gastro-duodenal injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02476.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful use of etretinate for long-term management of a patient with cutaneous-type adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 153 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06974.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single artificial-atom lasing (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 449 (2007), S. 588-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Solid-state superconducting circuits are versatile systems in which quantum states can be engineered and controlled. Recent progress in this area has opened up exciting possibilities for exploring fundamental physics as well as applications in quantum information technology; in a series of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature06141
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of 4-chlorobenzyl alcohol (1988)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 44 (1988), S. 482-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270187010965
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatigue Crack Growth Resistance in Ni-Base Super Alloy (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 348-349 (Sept. 2007), p. 541-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Rotating bending fatigue tests were carried out to investigate the influence of grain sizeon the resistance to crack growth of Ni-base super alloy, Inconel 718, using the materials with grainsizes of about 20, 50,100 and 200 たm, at room temperature. The larger grain size, the smaller crackgrowth rate, though the static strength was decreased with increase in grain size. The growth rate ofa small crack was uniquely determined by the term jana (Small crack growth law), where ja and aare the stress amplitude and the crack length, respectively, and n is a constant. The resistance tocrack growth among materials was evaluated based on the law and showed a good correlation withtensile strength jB, meaning that fatigue life can be predicted by using only j B BB
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/55/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.348-349.541.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced noradrenaline turnover in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 692-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Sympathetic nervous system activity ; noradrenaline turnover ; streptozotocin rat ; brown adipose tissue ; heart ; pancreas ; insulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To clarify whether activity of the sympathetic nervous system is decreased in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, noradrenaline turnover, which is a reliable indicator of sympathetic nervous system activity, was measured in the interscapular brown adipose tissue, heart and pancreas of streptozotocin diabetic rats. Results from studies using inhibition of noradrenaline biosynthesis with α-methyl-p-tyrosine demonstrated significant reductions (p〈0.05-0.001) in sympathetic nervous system activity in the interscapular brown adipose tissue, heart and pancreas of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) diabetic rats, compared with measurements in streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) diabetic and saline-control rats. The daily injections of neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin to streptoz/otocin (65 mg/kg) diabetic rats prevented the decrease of noradrenaline turnover in the interscapular brown adipose tissue and heart significantly (p〈0.02), but this was less marked in pancreas, compared with non-treated streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) diabetic rats. Furthermore reduced noradrenaline turnover was also observed in the control rats which showed comparable changes in body weight to the rats injected with streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). These results suggest that poorly controlled streptozotocin diabetic rats may have reduced sympathetic nervous function, and that insulin therapy might prevent this.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00291978
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topographic projections from the basal ganglia to the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus pars compacta of the cat with special reference to pallidal projections (1988)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 71 (1988), S. 298-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Basal ganglia ; Globus pallidus ; Nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus ; Topographic organization ; Horseradish peroxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Projections from the basal ganglia to the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus pars compacta (TPC) were studied by using anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques with horseradish peroxidase conjugated with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA-HRP) in the cat. Following WGA-HRP injections into the medial TPC area, a substantial number of retrogradely labeled cells were seen in the entopeduncular nucleus (EP) and medial half of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), whereas following WGA-HRP injections into the lateral TPC area, labeled cells were marked in the caudal half of the globus pallidus (GP) and lateral half of the SNr. To confirm the retrograde tracing study, WGA-HRP was injected into the EP or the caudal GP, and anterograde labeling was observed in the TPC areas. Terminal labeling was located in the medail TPC area in the EP injection case, while terminal labeling was observed in the lateral TPC area in the caudal GP injection case. Projections from the striatum to the pallidal complex (the EP and the caudal GP) were also studied autoradiographically by injecting amino acids into various parts of the caudate nucleus and the putamen. Terminal labeling was distributed over the whole extent of the EP and the rostral GP following injections into the rostral striatum (the head of the caudate nucleus or the rostral part of the putamen), while terminal labeling was distributed over the caudal GP following injections into the caudal striatum (the body of the caudate nucleus or the caudal part of the putamen). From these findings, we conclude that there exists a medio-lateral topography in the projection from the basal ganglia to the TPC: The EP receives afferent projections from the rostral striatum and projects to the medial TPC area, whereas the caudal GP receives projections from the caudal striatum and sends fibers to the lateral TPC area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00247490
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