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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of aluminum in ion-implanted α-Ti (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 613-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The diffusion of Al in polycrystalline ion-implanted α-Ti has been studied in the temperature range 600–850 °C using ion-beam techniques. Diffusion couples were created by ion implantation. The time-dependent concentration profiles were monitored by the use of the nuclear resonance broadening technique through the 27Al(p,γ) 28Si reaction. The effect of the implantation energy and implanted dose on the diffusivity of Al has been investigated. The value of 1.62±0.11 eV for the activation energy and (7.4±9.8)×10−7 cm2/s for the frequency factor was obtained. The present result is discussed in the framework of the Ti diffusion barrier used in semiconductors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334747
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen implantation of metals (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 1423-1425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sixteen metals implanted to saturation with 300-keV N2+ ions have been studied using nuclear resonance broadening and Rutherford backscattering techniques to profile the implanted concentration. Blisters due to the implanted nitrogen were observed in Mg, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Nb, Mo, Ta, W, and AISI 304 steel but not in Cu, Zr, Ag, Hf, and Au. The nominal saturation concentration at maximum varied from 50 to 60 at. % for all cases except for Cu, Ag, and Au, where it was 20 at. %. The surface hardness was generally increased by a factor between 1.2 and 2.3. However, no increase was observed for Mo, Ag, and Au. The mononitride formation in Ti, Zr, and Hf was verified by x-ray diffraction. The formation of blisters and diffusion in the preparation of nitrides is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334504
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of ERNE in particle flux anisotropy measurement (1996)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 14 (1996), S. 503-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The HED particle detector of the ERNE experiment to be flown on the SOHO spacecraft is unique compared to the earlier space-born detectors in its high directional resolution (better than 2°, depending on the track inclination). Despite the fixed view cone due to the three-axis stabilization of the spacecraft, the good angular and temporal resolution of the detector provides a new kind of opportunity for monitoring in detail the development of the anisotropies pertaining, for example, to the onset of SEP events, or passage of shock fronts related to gradual events. In order to optimize the measurement parameters, we have made a preflight simulation study of the HED anisotropy measurement capabilities. The purpose was to prove the feasibility of the selected measurement method and find the physical limits for the HED anisotropy detection. The results show HED to be capable of detecting both strong anisotropies related to impulsive events, and smoother anisotropies associated with gradual events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0503-y
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-duration high-energy proton events observed by GOES in October 1989 (1998)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 16 (1998), S. 921-930 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Interplanetary physics ; Energetic particles ; Solar physics, astrophysics and astronomy ; Flares and mass ejections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the prolonged injection of the high-energy (〉 10 MeV) protons during the three successive events observed by GOES in October 1989. We apply a solar-rotation-stereoscopy approach to study the injection of the accelerated particles from the CME-driven interplanetary shock waves in order to find out how the effectiveness of the particle acceleration and/or escape depends on the angular distance from the shock axis. We use an empirical model for the proton injection at the shock and a standard model of the interplanetary transport. The model can reproduce rather well the observed intensity-time profiles of the October 1989 events. The deduced proton injection rate is highest at the nose of the shock; the injection spectrum is always harder near the Sun. The results seem to be consistent with the scheme that the CME-driven interplanetary shock waves accelerate a seed particle population of coronal origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0921-0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energies of carbon plasma beams in the deposition of diamond-like coatings with the pulsed-arc-discharge method (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 353-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 81.15; 81.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  The carbon plasma ion energies produced by the pulsed filtered arc-discharge method have been measured as a function of the anode–cathode voltage. The energies were determined by using the electro-optical time-of-flight method. The highest anode–cathode voltage was 4 kV and yielded the energy of 140 eV for the plasma ions. In addition, it was demonstrated that a rather slight change of the parameters in the arc-discharge method has a strong effect on the plasma ion energies and the properties of the diamond-like coatings prepared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540107
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Annealing behaviour of implanted nitrogen in bulk and evaporated Ni (1987)
    Springer
    Applied physics 42 (1987), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 66.30.Jt ; 61.70.Tm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The diffusion coefficients of nitrogen in N-implanted polycrystalline Ni have been deduced. Both bulk and Ni-evaporated samples implanted with nitrogen were annealed at 150–500° C. The nitrogen profiles were probed using the nuclear resonance broadening technique. The value of 0.99±0.12 eV for the activation energy and (3.0 −2.8 +40 )×10−6 cm2/s for the frequency factor were obtained for implanted N in bulk Ni. The solubilities for both the bulk and evaporated Ni samples are given. In evaporated Ni nitrogen migration is enhanced due to the defects arising during evaporation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00616560
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energies of carbon plasma beams in the deposition of diamond-like coatings with the pulsed-arc-discharge method (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 353-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 81.15 ; 81.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The carbon plasma ion energies produced by the pulsed filtered arc-discharge method have been measured as a function of the anode-cathode voltage. The energies were determined by using the electro-optical time-of-flight method. The highest anode-cathode voltage was 5 kV and yielded the energy of 140 eV for the plasma ions. In addition, it was demonstrated that a rather slight change of the parameters in the arc-discharge method has a strong effect on the plasma ion energies and the properties of the diamond-like coatings prepared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540107
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energetic particle investigation using the ERNE instrument (1996)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 14 (1996), S. 497-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract During solar flares and coronal mass ejections, nuclei and electrons accelerated to high energies are injected into interplanetary space. These accelerated particles can be detected at the SOHO satellite by the ERNE instrument. From the data produced by the instrument, it is possible to identify the particles and to calculate their energy and direction of propagation. Depending on variable coronal/interplanetary conditions, different kinds of effects on the energetic particle transport can be predicted. The problems of interest include, for example, the effects of particle properties (mass, charge, energy, and propagation direction) on the particle transport, the particle energy changes in the transport process, and the effects the energetic particles have on the solar-wind plasma. The evolution of the distribution function of the energetic particles can be measured with ERNE to a better accuracy than ever before. This gives us the opportunity to contribute significantly to the modeling of interplanetary transport and acceleration. Once the acceleration/transport bias has been removed, the acceleration-site abundance of elements and their isotopes can be studied in detail and compared with spectroscopic observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-996-0497-5
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biocompatibility of silicon carbide in colony formation test in vitro (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 118 (1998), S. 89-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Keywords: Key words Biocompatibility ; Total hip replacement ; Prosthesis coating ; Ceramics ; Silicon carbide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the possible use of silicon carbide (SiC) as a ceramic coating material of titanium-based total hip replacement (THR) implants. The idea is to prevent wear debris formation from the soft titanium surface. SiC is a hard and tightly bonding ceramic surface material, and because of these physical properties it is not easily degradable, as is the case with hydroxyapatite. Our previous in vivo and in vitro studies have indicated that SiC and hydroxyapatite are equally biocompatible regarding particle size for phagocytosis. The present cytotoxicity test using JCRB0603 cells showed that 5 μm SiC particles inhibited colony outgrowth by one-third (67% + 10% vs control), while SiC-coated pins did not cause any inhibition and acted similarly to uncoated titanium pins. The results support the hypothesis that SiC is a promising ceramic THR implant coating material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004020050319
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous Cosmic-Ray Helium, Nitrogen and Oxygen in 1996 – Measurements of the ERNE Instrument on-board SOHO (1997)
    Springer
    Solar physics 170 (1997), S. 193-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The energy spectra of the anomalous components of helium, nitrogen and oxygen have been measured by the ERNE experiment on board the SOHO spacecraft. During February 28–April 30, 1996, the maximum intensity of anomalous helium was found to be 3.8 × 10-5 cm-2 sr-1 s-1 (MeV nucl-1)-1 in the energy range 10–15 MeV nucl-1. During the period January 26–April 30, 1996, the maximum oxygen intensity was 1.2 × 10-5 cm-2 sr-1 s-1 (MeV nucl-1)-1 at 4–7 MeV nucl-1, and the maximum nitrogen intensity 1.7 × 10-6 cm-2 sr-1 s-1 (MeV nucl-1)-1 at 4–9 MeV nucl-1. These peak intensities are at the same level as two solar cycles ago in 1977, but significantly higher than in 1986. This gives observational evidence for a 22-year solar modulation cycle. A noteworthy point is that the spectra of anomalous nitrogen and oxygen appear to be somewhat broader than in 1977.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004911017315
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