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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuropathologic study on chronic neurotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil and its masked compounds in dogs (1984)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 63 (1984), S. 334-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: 5-Fluorouracil ; Tegafur ; Carmofur ; Neurotoxicity ; Intralamellar splitting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 5-Fluorouracil (FU) and its masked compounds tegafur (FT) and carmofur (HCFU) were administered orally to Beagle dogs daily for 6 months, and their chronic neurotoxic effects were examined morphologically. In ten dogs that survived the 6-month treatment large vacuoles produced by splitting of the intraperiod line of myelin were observed in the fornix in the wall of the third ventricle. In severely affected dogs large vacuoles developed in the medial preoptic area, medial portion of the internal capsule, the area around the subthalamic nucleus and the mammillo-thalamic tract. Axons of myelinated fibers affected by vacuolation were generally well maintained, and destruction of myelin was not detected. Though proliferation of glia cells or abnormality of oligodendroglia was not detected, a lipid deposit covered by a single layer membrane was observed in the cell bodies and processes of astrocytes. No abnormality was detected by electron microscopy in the cerebrum, inferior colliculus, cerebellum, or pons. Of eight dogs that died during the treatment period, large vacuoles were observed in the fornix in the wall of the third ventricle of four dogs treated for more than 1 month, and large vacuoles were present in the inferior colliculus in two dogs of the FT group in the above four dogs. In the HCFU group, the interruption of treatment for 6months resulted in alleviation or disappearance of the vacuolar lesions. The above findings suggest that the neurotoxicity of FU and its masked compounds FT and HCFU in long-term treatment produces changes morphologically identical with one another in respect to the site of their manifestation and nature of lesion, that their common degraded product α-fluoro-β-alanine (FBAL) plays a crucial role in their neurotoxic actions, and that vacuolar lesions, to which myelin was more vulnerable than neurons, can develop where the toxic substance readily deposits and accumulates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687342
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerische Berechnung der natürlichen Konvektion in einem waagerechten Kanal mit ungleichen Endtemperaturen (1980)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 14 (1980), S. 269-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit berichtet über eine Lösung mit finiten Differenzen der natürlichen Gegenströmung in einem horizontalen adiabaten Kanal mit kreisförmigem oder rechteckigem Querschnitt bei ungleichen Endtemperaturen. Die natürliche Gegenströmung soll voll ausgebildet sein. Das Ergebnis zeigt, daß die Strömung aus einer starken axialen Gegenströmung und vier überlagerten sekundären Wirbeln in den vier Quadranten des Querschnitts besteht. Man erhält auch die Temperaturänderung längs der Rohrwand, wie sie für mäßige Rayleigh-Zahlen bisher nicht mitgeteilt wurde. Die Verwendung der berechneten Wandtemperatur bei Untersuchungen über thermischen Spannungen wird diskutiert. Die numerischen Ergebnisse wurden auch verwendet, um die Anwendbarkeit analytischer Voraussagen über das Strömungsfeld in rechteckigen Kanälen abzuschätzen.
    Notes: Abstract The paper reports a finite difference solution for the natural counterflow generated in a horizontal adiabatic duct with different end-temperatures. Ducts with circular and rectangular cross-section are considered. The natural counterflow is modeled as fully-developed. The numerical results demonstrate that the flow consists of a strong axial counterflow superimposed on four secondary eddies situated in the four quadrants of the cross-section. The paper documents the temperature variation around the wall of a pipe, in a moderate Rayleigh number range not documented previously. The use of the wall temperature information in thermal stress analysis is discussed. The numerical results are also used to assess the applicability of analytical predictions for the flow field in ducts with rectangular cross-section.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01618358
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidermal vacuolation: An artifact due to injection of local anesthetics (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 270 (1981), S. 413-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Epidermal vacuolation ; Local anesthetics ; Intradermal (i.d.) injection ; Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection ; Epidermale Vacuolisierung ; Lokalanaestheticum ; intradermale (i.d.) Injektion ; subcutane (s.c.) Injektion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um den Mechanismus der Vacuolisierung zu erklären, die man häufig in den normalen Epidermiszellen in der Umgebung der Hauttumoren beobachtet, wurden 0.5 und 1.0% Procainhydrochlorid mit und ohne Epinephrine injiziert — entweder i.d. oder s.c. — und zwar bei reifen weißen männlichen Kaninchen. Die Injektionsstellen entweder sofort oder nach 15 min excidiert. Die Epidermis zeigte an der Stelle der i.d. Injektion eine signifikantere Zunahme der Zahl der vacuolisierteten Zellen als die der s.c. Injektionen (P〈0.001) ohne Rücksicht auf die Art der Lokalanaesthetica und die Zeitdauer zwischen Injektion und Excision. Die Elektronenmikroskopie stellte die intracytoplasmischen Vacuolen ohne abgrenzende Membran im Cytoplasma der Keratinocyten dar. Das im oberem Corium lokalisierte Ödem infolge der Injektion des Betäubungsmittels verursacht das Ödem und die Vacuolisierung in den bedeckenden Epidermiszellen. Die i.d. Injektion des Lokalanaestheticums möchten wir als eine Ursache der epidermalen Vacuolisierung auffassen.
    Notes: Summary To elucidate the mechanism of vacuolation frequently encountered in the normal epidermal cells surrounding skin tumors, 0.5 and 1.0% procaine hydrochloride, and 1.0% lidocaine hydrochloride with and without epinephrine were injected either i.d. or s.c. into mature white male rabbits, and the sites of injection were biopsied either immediately or after 15 min. The epidermis of the site of intradermal injection showed a significant increase in the number of vacuolated cells in contrast to the site of s.c. injection (P〈0.001) irrespective of the kinds of local anesthetics and the time lapse from injection to biopsy. Electron microscopy revealed vacuole-formations without limiting membrane in the cytoplasm of the kerationocytes. It is suggested that the local edema in the upper dermis caused by injection of anesthetics gives rise to edema and vacuolation of overlying epidermal cells, and that i.d. injection of local anesthetics may be regarded as a cause of epidermal vacuolation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403785
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collagen as the Major Edible Component of Jellyfish (Stomolophus nomural) (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 48 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mesogloea and skin of a common edible jellyfish, Stomolophus nomurai, were characterized with respect to amino acid composition and compared with a commercially salted jellyfish. Then the mesogloea was digested with pepsin at 3°C for 48 hr and its solubilized protein was isolated and subjected to biochemical analyses. These composite results have shown that the major edible component of jellyfish was the connective tissue protein, collagen, characterized by its high content of hydroxylysine and its glycosides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb05078.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trichilemmal keratosis (horn): a light and electron microscopic study (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 10 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Three cases of trichilemmal keratosis (horn) were light microscopically examined and all showed numbers of U- or V-shaped epidermal proliferations which keratinized in a fashion either identical or similar to trichilemmal keratinization. Electron microscopy revealed both uneven and linear borders between the keratinized and the keratinizing cells with a few keratohyalin droplets, remnants of desmosomes, no marginal band in the horny layer, perinuclear vacuolation, few spherical bodies in the intercellular spaces (ICS) of the upper epidermis, and widening of the ICS of the lower epidermis. A number of electron dense spherical particles. 40-50 nm in diameter, were observed in nuclei of the upper epidermis. This suggests that ultrastructure of trichilemmal keratosis is similar rather to viral warts than to trichilemmal cysts, although there are close similarities between trichilemmal keratosis and cyst.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1983.tb00316.x
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