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  • 1995-1999  (26)
  • 1990-1994  (20)
  • 1975-1979  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of dielectric breakdown field of thermal SiO2 films due to structural defects in Czochralski silicon substrates (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 7944-7957 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We used heat treatment to intentionally introduce various structural defects in Czochralski silicon substrates. The type, size, and number density of the induced defects were surveyed with transmission electron microscopy, and the defects were then incorporated into SiO2 films (10–50 nm thick) during thermal oxidation in dry O2. The effect of the defects on dielectric strength of the SiO2 films was examined with a time zero dielectric breakdown method. Larger platelet oxygen precipitates caused greater decreases of the breakdown field, and precipitates smaller than the SiO2 film thickness did not appreciably reduce the breakdown field. Every large platelet oxygen precipitate incorporated in the SiO2 film caused a degradation. Octahedral oxygen precipitates caused little degradation. The breakdown field was higher than 7 MV/cm and did not depend much on the SiO2 film thickness and precipitate size. We discussed possible mechanisms for the degradation due to both kinds of precipitates. Oxidation-induced stacking faults formed by a surface oxidation did not markedly reduce the breakdown field when only segments of dislocations and stacking faults were incorporated in the SiO2 film. Another serious degradation was caused by pits that were formed by dissolving octahedral oxygen precipitates in a HF solution. The breakdown field was lower for thicker oxide films, and it recovered as the pit shape became smoother during chemical etching. We proposed that this degradation was caused by a local thinning of SiO2 film due to stress generated in the oxidation of pits. These results suggest that voids rather than the other reported grown-in defects play the most important role in the degradation observed for as-grown silicon. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362344
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of a 10−4 helium peak in a deuterium atmosphere using a modified high-resolution quadrupole mass spectrometer (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1912-1917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This paper describes how a small helium (4He) peak can be separated from a large adjacent deuterium (D2) peak using a modified quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS). This QMS utilized a condition of the second stability zone (zone II) in the Mathieu diagram. The minimum detectable peak ratio of 4He to D2 was 10−4 when a mass scan line was set close to the upper tip, and was 10−3 when the scan line was adjusted to the lower tip. The ion transmission rates simulating the peaks were calculated for the upper and lower zone conditions. It was found that a longer peak tail occurs when an unstable orbit has mainly a cosh function. From the experimental and theoretical data, it is concluded that the upper zone condition is the most suitable for realizing a high-resolution peak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144842
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terahertz radiation from superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films excited by femtosecond optical pulses (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 2122-2124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrashort electromagnetic waves (600 fs width) from superconducting YBCO thin films have been observed by irradiating current-biased samples with femtosecond optical laser pulses (80 fs width). The Fourier component of the pulse extends up to ∼2 THz. The characteristics of the radiation are studied and the radiation mechanism is ascribed to the ultrafast supercurrent modulation by the laser pulses, which induce the nonequilibrium superconductivity. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117175
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of bulk microdefects induced in heat-treated Czochralski silicon on dielectric breakdown of thermal SiO2 films (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 303-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We examine the effect of bulk microdefects (BMD) intentionally introduced in Czochralski silicon substrates by heat treatment on the dielectric breakdown of thermally grown SiO2 films. Transmission electron microscope observations reveal that the BMD consist of oxygen precipitates, perfect dislocation loops, and faulted dislocation loops. When the BMD are incorporated into the SiO2 film during thermal oxidation, an apparent decrease in the breakdown field is observed. The size of the oxygen precipitates has a clear relationship with the breakdown field: larger oxygen precipitate causes greater degradation. The dislocation loops are unrelated to the breakdown field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111186
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anticonvulsant activity of aminooxyacetic acid on convulsions induced by thiosemicarbazide (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 26 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb01532.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A NEW METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF MODE II FATIGUE THRESHOLD STRESS INTENSITY FACTOR RANGE ΔKτth (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— In order to evaluate the threshold value ΔKτth for mode II fatigue crack growth, a new measurement method of mode II fatigue crack growth has been developed. This method uses a conventional closed-loop tension—compression fatigue testing machine without additional loading attachments. Mode II fatigue tests for structural steel and rail steel have been carried out. This method has proved successful and has reproduced mode II fatigue fracture surfaces similar to those found in the spalling of industrial steel-making rolls. The crack length during testing was measured by an AC potential method. The relationships between da/dN and ΔKτ and AKτth for several materials have been obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1997.tb01530.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance Raman spectra of tetrapyrrole complexes of oxomolybdenum(V) (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 18 (1979), S. 457-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic50192a055
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DEFECTS FOR FATIGUE STRENGTH PREDICTION AND QUALITY CONTROL OF MATERIALS (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A wide range of studies and experimental evidence have shown that the lower bound of fatigue properties can be correctly predicted by considering the maximum occurring defect size. The estimate of this dimension can be done by analysing the defect sizes using the statistics of extremes.The scope of this paper is to discuss and investigate the two key points in a successful application of this technique: the first is the choice of statistical method for the analysis of data; the second is the knowledge of the minimum number of defects needed to obtain a good estimate of extreme defects.The results obtained in this study allow one to formulate a procedure for estimating the extreme defects with a precision suitable for fatigue strength prediction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.1998.00104.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations saisonnières de la composition en acides gras chez Penaeus japonicus (Crustacea: Decapoda) (1975)
    Springer
    Marine biology 29 (1975), S. 335-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The lipid and fatty acid composition of male and female Penaeus japonicus Bate was investigated over a period of 11 months to determine the effects of environmental and nutritional factors such as temperature and starvation. The lipid content of the prawns increases from May to November, whereas water content decreases. We observed a time-lag between the highest lipid rate of males (in November) and that of females (in October); this is probably related to ovarian metabolism. From September to March, the high lipid content of the females coincided with a high percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (especially 16:1 and 18:1). Winter starvation induces a decrease in palmitic acid content. As temperature decreases, the monounsaturated (16:1, 18:1) and polyunsaturated (20:4, 20:5, 22:6) fatty acids increase at the expense of the saturated fatty acids (16:0, 18:0) in the adult prawn. However, in post-larvae and juveniles, this increased rate of polyunsaturated fatty acids would be related to their particular lipid metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388853
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of protective immunity and neutralizing antibodies to pseudorabies virus by immunization of anti-idiotypic antibodies (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 124 (1992), S. 291-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Xenogenic anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) were prepared in rabbits against three murine neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to pseudorabies virus glycoproteins. These anti-Id were highly specific to idiotopes on the corresponding MAb molecules. Because the binding of MAb to the corresponding anti-Id was inhibited by the addition of viral envelope protein, these anti-Id seemed to contain a subpopulation of antibodies against the antigen-combining site (paratope) or the region related to the paratope of the MAb molecules. One of the anti-Id to a MAb directed against glycoprotein gp50 induced neutralizing antibodies to PrV. Mice immunized with the anti-Id were protected from lethal infection of PrV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309810
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