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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maple syrup urine disease: Treatment of the acutely ill newborn (1978)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 129 (1978), S. 157-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Maple syrup urine disease ; emergency treatment ; Exchange transfusion ; Neonatal period ; Calorie intake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three patients with maple syrup urine disease were treated during the acute neonatal stage. Multiple exchange transfusions proved to be a satisfactory means of achieving rapid clinical and biochemical improvement during this phase. On the other hand, evidence is provided suggesting that in addition to exchange transfusions, a high calorie intake above 150 Cal/kg body weight/day is necessary to lower the plasma concentration of the branched chain amino acids to near-normal levels. As long as this calorie intake was not provided, further exchange transfusions failed to lower the plasma leucine concentration to below 17 mg/100 ml in one patient. It is assumed that this high calorie intake is necessary to prevent the breakdown of endogenous protein. Treatment of acute episodes in maple syrup urine disease should therefore not only eliminate the elevated alpha-keto acids and branched chain amino acids quickly (i.e. by multiple exchange transfusions or peritoneal dialysis), but in addition should provide a high calorie intake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442159
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  • 2
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    Notes on the Constitution (1975)
    New York, N. Y. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Commentary. 60:2 (1975:Aug.) 53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0010-2601
    Topics: General, Interdisciplinary , Theology and Religious Studies
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:1064-1975-060-02-000004
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Familiäre Verhältnisse von Drogenabhängigen und ihre Beziehung zur aktuellen Situation (1979)
    Springer
    Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology 14 (1979), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-9285
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei einer Stichprobe von 382 schwer Drogenabhängigen wurden Art und Ausma\ des Drogenkonsums in Beziehung gesetzt zu verschiedenen Variablen aus der Lebensgeschichte der Probanden. Es konnte kein Zusammenhang nachgewiesen werden zwischen Art und Ausma\ des Drogenkonsums des Jugendlichen und der Herkunft aus einer unvollständigen Familie (Broken Home), der elterlichen Zugehörigkeit zu einer bestimmten sozialen Schicht und den Konsumgewohnheiten der Eltern. Einzig die sozialen Absteiger sind unter den Fixern übervertreten. ‘Broken Home’ ist eng verknüpft mit einer ganzen Reihe von Faktoren, welche persönliche und soziale Beeinträchtigung beschreiben, wie niedrige Schulbildung, schlechte Berufsausbildung, unregelmä\ige Berufs- und Erwerbstätigkeit, hohe Schulden, Isolation in der Schule, usw. Das in der Untersuchung angewendete Design wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary In a sample of 382 juvenile drug addicts the type and extent of drug consumption were compared with biographical variables of the probands. No connections were found between the pattern of drug consumption and social class of parents, consumption habits of parents, or history of a broken home. Overrepresented in the severely addicted group were young people with less schooling and lower professional status compared with their parents. ‘Broken home’ was closely related to several discriminating factors, such as inferior school education, insufficient professional training, irregular job and income activities, high debts, isolation at school etc. The project's design and the methods used are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583572
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synergistic tumor regressive activity observed following treatment of line-10 hepatocellular carcinomas with deproteinized BCG cell walls and mutant Salmonella typhimurium glycolipid (1978)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 5 (1978), S. 45-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Synergistic tumor-regressive activity was observed when the water-soluble portion of a phenol-water extract from mutant Salmonella typhimurium whole cells was combined with deproteinized cell walls from Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG. As little as 50 μg deproteinized cell walls combined with 50 μg water-soluble extract from the mutant salmonella produced 89–100% cures of line-10 dermal tumors in treated strain 2 guinea-pigs. However, none of the animals was cured following treatment with 50 μg of deproteinized cell walls alone. Only 17% of treated animals were cured following treatment with 50 μg of the water-soluble extract from the mutant salmonella. The deproteinized cell walls and water-soluble extract were suspended in oil-in-water emulsions and injected directly into 10 mm tumors. The deproteinized cell walls were prepared by treating BCG cell walls with proteolytic enzymes and denaturing agents (KCl, urea, Triton X-100, and guanidine hydrochloride). Urea or a combination of denaturing agents reduced the protein content of protease-treated cell walls from approximately 2% (w/w) protein to 0.7% protein. The antigenicity of the effectively deproteinized cell walls, as measured by skin testing in presensitized guinea-pigs, was reduced approximately ten-fold compared with untreated cell walls. Injection to mice of 500 μg deproteinized cell walls in combination with 500 μg water-soluble extract from the mutant salmonella produced transient, clinical signs of toxicity (malaise, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, and rough hair coats) lasting approximately 5 days. However, no deaths were observed. The synergistic antitumor effect of combining deproteinized BCG cell walls with the water-soluble extract from mutant salmonella may be useful for treatment of certain cases of spontaneous neoplastic disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199207
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regression of line-10 hepatocellular carcinomas following treatment with water-soluble, microbial extracts combined with trehalose or arabinose mycolates (1978)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 4 (1978), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intratumor injections of the aqueous phase of phenol-water extracts of Re mutant Salmonella typhimurium (Re glycolipid) in combination with trehalose dimycolate at dose levels of 150 to 15 μg were consistently and highly effective (65–93%) in producing regression of line-10 tumors in strain-2 guinea pigs. We observed that the rate of regression was more rapid than that seen after treatment with cell walls from Mycobacterium bovis strain Bacillus of Calmette and Guèrin (BCG). Arabinose mycolate could be substituted for trehalose dimycolate in the Re glycolipid-mycolate mixture without appreciably compromising antitumor activity, providing that the level of arabinose mycolate was not reduced below 15 μg. In addition to the Re glycolipid preparation, similarly prepared aqueous extracts from Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG and strain AN5 in combination with trehalose dimycolate also possessed tumor-regressive activity. The activity of these last extracts was reduced when the arabinose mycolate was substituted for the trehalose dimycolate. The aqueous extract of a rickettsia, Coxiella burnetii, in combination with either trehalose dimycolate or arabinose mycolate was also active (50 and 80% tumor regression rates, respectively). Intracutaneous administration of Re glycolipid or aqueous extracts from BCG in combination with trehalose or arabinose mycolates did not produce life-threatening, clinical signs of toxicity in young mice. If additional toxicity studies demonstrate that adverse side effects can be satisfactorily controlled, these watersoluble extracts may prove beneficial in the treatment of spontaneous tumors of humans and other animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205572
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of chlorpromazine with organic solvents and fatty acids as studied by UV-spectrophotometry (1978)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 34 (1978), S. 1047-1049 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The magnitude of the UV-spectral change of chlorpromazine increases in the presence of increasing concentrations of alcohols or fatty acids and with increasing chain length. A maximum is reached with 14.0- or 16.0-fatty acids. The difference spectrum is still larger with unsaturated fatty acids, a maximum effect being obtained with one cis-double bond. The spectral change is abolished by chaotropic and enhanced by antichaotropic agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01915339
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vergleich veränderter Bewußtseinszustände unter den Halluzinogenen (−)-Δ9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) und N,N-Dimethyltryptamin (DMT) (1976)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 223 (1976), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Altered States of Consciousness ; N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) ; (−)Δ9 ; trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) ; Veränderte Bewußtseinszustände ; N,N-Dimethyltryptamin (DMT) ; (−)- Δ9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchung vergleicht unter Verwendung zweier Placebo-Kontrollgruppen veränderte Bewußtseinszustände, die unter den Halluzinogenen (−)Δ9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) und N,N-Dimethyltryptamin (DMT) auftreten. 24 Probanden erhielten 250μg Δ9-THC p.o. pro kg Körpergewicht, und 26 Probänden wurde 250μg DMT pro Körpergewicht i.m. appliziert. Die Placebogruppe bestand aus insgesamt 24 Probanden. Die Effekte wurden retrospektiv mit einem Fragebogen erfaßt, dessen Items nach inhaltlichen und testtheoretischen Gesichtspunkten zu den folgenden 8 Skalen zusammengefaßt wurden: Optische Sinnestäuschungen, akustische Sinnestäuschungen, Konzentrations- und Gedächtnisstörungen, Derealisationserscheinungen, Depersonalisationserscheinungen, Leiberlebensveränderungen, euphorisches Zustandsbild und dysphorisches Zustandsbild. In allen acht Syndromen unterschieden sich die beiden Halluzinogene signifikant von Placebo. Zwischen den Halluzinogenen konnte jedoch keine signifikante Differenz nachgewiesen werden. In der Skala „optische Sinnestäuschungen“ zeigte sich als Tendenz, daß DMT hier eine stärkere Wirkung als Δ9-THC entfaltet. Methodische Probleme des Vergleichs verschiedener Halluzinogene werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The study compares altered states of consciousness induced by the hallucinogens (−)Δ9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) using two placebo control groups. A total of 24 subjects received 250μg Δ9-THC p.o./kg body weight and 26 subjects were treated with 250μg DMT i.m./kg. Placebo was given to 24 subjects. The effects were assessed by a questionnaire administered following the experimental conditions. Questionnaire items were combined into the following eight scales according to their content and several criteria of the theory of mental testing: visual hallucinations (illusions), auditory hallucinations (illusions), impairment of memory and attention, depersonalization syndrome, derealization syndrome, changes of body image, euphoric state and anxious-depressive state. The two hallucinogen groups differed significantly from placebo on all eight scales. No difference, however, between Δ9-THC and DMT was significant. On the scale “optical hallucinations (illusions)” a tendency that DMT might have stronger effects than Δ9-THC was found. Methodological problems of comparing different hallucinogens are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367455
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effekte von (-) δ9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol (δ9-THC) auf Psychotizismus-Tests (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 40 (1975), S. 351-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Endogenous Psychoses ; Psychoticism ; δ9-trans-Tetrahydrocannabinol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von 250 Μg/kg (-)δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol p.o. wurde in einem Doppelblindversuch an 36 freiwilligen Probanden mit solchen objektiven Tests und Leistungstests untersucht, die nach Eysenck die Persönlichkeitsdimension Psychotizismus messen. Die Hypothese der Untersuchung bestand darin, da\ sich Probanden unter δ9-THC von solchen unter Plabeo in gleicher Richtung wie endogene Psychotiker von psychisch Gesunden unterscheiden. Die Hypothese wurde nur in 5 von 19 Variablen bestÄtigt. 4 dieser 5 Variablen können als Tests der KonzentrationsfÄhigkeit betrachtet werden.
    Notes: Abstract In a double-blind study on 36 volunteers the effects of 250 Μg/kg (-)δ9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol p.o. on objective and performance tests measuring psychoticism according to Eysenck were assessed. The hypothesis was tested that subjects treated with δ9-THC differ from those receiving placebo in the same way as endogenous psychotics differ from normals. Confirmation was obtained in only 5 out of 19 variables. Four of these 5 variables may be considered as tests of concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421474
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulfit in Infusionslösungen (1979)
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 18 (1979), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 9 commercially available high-calorie carbohydrate solutions were investigated for their sulfite content. It became evident that 6 manufacturers of infusion solutions add varying amounts of sulfite to their solutions. We consider such an addition to be unnecessary and risky from the toxicological point of view.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurden 9 im Handel befindliche hochkalorische Kohlenhydratlösungen auf ihren Gehalt an Sulfit untersucht. Dabei ergab sich, daß 6 Infusionslösungshersteller ihren Lösungen Sulfit in unterschiedlichen Mengen zusetzen. Einen solchen Zusatz halten wir für unnötig und toxikologisch bedenklich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02026535
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stoff und Applikationsart beim Drogenkonsum Jugendlicher (1976)
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 21 (1976), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une enquête sur mode et quantité de l'abus de drogues a été faite dans un échantillon de 382 graves consommateurs de drogues. L'analyse factorielle des données mène à trois facteurs abbréviés: «drogues illégales appliquées i.v.», «drogues illégales appliquées per os» et «médicaments appliqués per os». En regardant ces résultats on peut dire que les attitudes des consommateurs envers les drogues sont tout d'abord influencées par la mode d'application et les définitions des lois concernant les narcotiques, pendant que des points de vue pharmacologiques et les effects subjectifs n'ont peu d'importance.
    Abstract: Summary In a sample of 382 heavy users mode and extent of drug abuse were inquired. Factor analysis of the data gave three factors named “i.v. applicated illegal drugs”, “oral applicated illegal drugs” and “oral applicated medicaments” for short. Results show that attitudes of the drug users towards their drugs are strongly influenced by the mode of application and the definitions of the drug laws, whereas pharmacological aspects and subjective effects have hardly any demonstrable importance.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer Stichprobe von 382 schweren Drogenkonsumenten wurden Art und Ausmass des Drogenkonsums unter Berücksichtigung der Applikationsart der Stoffe erfragt und die Angaben einer Faktorenanalyse unterworfen. Es bildeten sich drei Faktoren mit den Kurzbezeichnungen «intravenös applizierte illegale Drogen», «oral applizierte illegale Drogen» und «oral applizierte Medikamente». Dies weist darauf hin, dass sich «intravenös spritzen» von den übrigen Applikationsarten eindeutig unterscheidet und dass die Definitionen des Betäubungsmittelgesetzes ein starkes Kriterium für die Einstellung der Drogenkonsumenten den Stoffen gegenüber ist. Pharmakologische Gesichtspunkte und solche der subjektiven Wirkung der Stoffe erlangen daneben kaum sichtbare Bedeutung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01994374
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