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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 33 (1975), S. 91-103 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral ischemia ; Carbohydrates ; Mongolian gerbils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A cerebral ischemia was produced by unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery in the neck of Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), which are frequently characterized by deficiencies in the circulus of Willis. Concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and glycogen were measured in the hemisphere on the side of occlusion and in the contralateral control hemisphere of animals sacrificed after 5, 15 and 30 min, as well as after 1, 3, 5 and 9 hrs of carotid clamping. Significant decrease of glucose, and increase in lactate and pyruvate concentration were found in the hemisphere ipsilateral to occlusion; the extent of the changes was proportional to the duration of the ischemia. After an initial fall, an increase in the glycogen content occurred in the later stages of ischemia. Glycogen, glucose, lactate and pyruvate were determined also at 1, 5, 20 hrs and 1 week intervals following release of an occlusion lasting for 1 hr. Return to normal values of glucose and pyruvate was seen at 1 hr after release. The lactate and glycogen levels were significantly raised on the occluded side after 20 hrs release. An increased level of glycogen was observed as long as 1 week after a 1-hr carotid occulusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 34 (1976), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral ischemia ; Blood-brain barrier ; Mongolian gerbils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The behaviour of the BBB in cerebral ischemia was studied in symptompositive Mongolian gerbils subjected to left common carotid artery occlusion using Evans Blue dye as indicator of BBB injury. The BBB damage was demonstrable grossly by the presence of areas of blue discoloration, and microscopically by the presence of a bright red fluorescent tracer, localized mostly in the neurons. The survey of various groups of animals revealed a direct relationship between the incidence and time of appearance of the BBB lesions and the duration of the ischemic occlusion. This relationship can be interpreted as another example of the previously described “maturation” phenomenon. A relatively late occurrence of the BBB injury in cerebral ischemia, at the time when the affected brain tissue shows severe, edematous histopathologic changes indicates that the brain edema, as the main complication of ischemia, could be regarded as being primarily of the cytotoxic type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 36 (1976), S. 285-294 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral ischemia ; Mongolian gerbils ; Ultrastructural changes ; Hippocampus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mongolian gerbils exposed to relatively short (7 or 15 min) unilateral or bilateral occlusions of the common carotid artery develop, 20 h after release of the clipping, characteristic morphologic changes in the H3 sector of the hippocampus. Ultrastructural study of these changes revealed an eccentric shift of the nuclei associated with chromatolytic perikarya which showed a dense accumulation of lysosomes and mitochondria in their central parts. The Golgi apparatus was recognizable only by clusters of vesicles, and this change was associated with a negative thiamine pyrophosphatase reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 32 (1975), S. 209-223 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral Ischemia ; Mongolian Gerbils ; Light Microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light microscopic observations were carried out on Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) subjected to a partial cerebral ischemia by occlusion of the left common carotid artery at the neck. About 30% of gerbils developed an ischemic injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere and their brains revealed the following histopathologic features: 1. the changes were related to the intensity (duration) of the ischemic insult and to the time elapsed following release of the occlusion. The ischemic lesions appear to progress after re-establishment of the circulation and this presents one facet of a “maturation” phenomenon which seems to be a general principle applicable to various parameters of ischemic injury. The rate of “maturation” of the lesions is related to the intensity of the ischemic insult, a lesser intensity resulting in longer development of lesions. 2. The changes were either focal or diffuse in character. The former were assumed to be directly related to a vascular involvement; among the latter the topistic distribution of the hippocampal changes suggested a feature of selective vulnerability. 3. An indirect indication of neuronal recovery was surmised from observations on animals sacrificed after different periods following occlusions of the same duration. Also capable of recovery was a “reactive change” observed in the H3 neurons of the hippocampus. This change was characterized by central chromatolysis and resembled the “primäre Reizung” of Nissl.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 36 (1976), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral ischemia ; Biogenic amines ; Mongolian gerbils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Behaviour of biogenic amines was studied in the brains of Mongolian gerbils subjected to unilateral occlusion of the common carotid artery. Assays on the hemispheres ipsilateral to occlusion revealed in symptom-positive animals a progressive decrease in norepinephrine and dopamine, and an increase in serotonin throughout the duration of an ischemic insult. In post-ischemic periods following the release of the clip, changes in biogenic amine levels generally conformed to the principles of a previously described “maturation” phenomenon, with delayed reactions occurring after the shorter ischemic insults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 46 (1979), S. 123-131 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral ischemia ; Mitochondria ; Lysosomes ; Golgi apparatus ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ischemic effect on cerebral enzymes and glycogen content was histochemically evaluated in mongolian, gerbils subjected to unilateral common carotid artery occlusion for various periods of time from 1/2 to 9h. In early stages (up to 2h), the only enzyme affected was the phosphorylase which revealed a decreased activity. Thereafter, the observed changes inclusive of glycogen and other enzymes such as the dehydrogenase, nonspecific acid and alkaline phosphatases, leucine aminopeptidase and thiamine pyrophosphatase progressed proportionally to the duration of ischemia. There was an overall inverse appearance of histochemically demonstrated enzymatic disturbances between the severely damaged ischemic regions and its marginal zones; the former revealing a conspicuous decrease and/or loss of enzymatic activities while the latter showing an increase of the same enzymes. Correlating the various ischemic responses of the intracellular organelles it appears that the changes in the lysosomes and Golgi apparatus occurred slower than those of mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 30 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 34 (1978), S. 1461-1461 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of cerebral ischemia and postischemia on the synaptosomal uptake of some neutral amino acids was determined in mongolian gerbils at various periods of time. A transiently increased uptake of3H isoleucine,14C cycloleucine and3H phenylalanine in the synaptosomes was found after 3 min of bilateral common carotid occlusion which returned to normal at 30 min of reestablished cerebral blood circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 34 (1978), S. 169-170 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of Na pentobarbital anesthesia on the activity of specific and nonspecific cholinesterase was studied in the synaptosomal fraction of Mongolian gerbils' brains. These studies have shown that this barbiturate inhibits the specific activity of acetylcholinesterase only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 35 (1979), S. 625-626 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The uptake of some neutral amino acids was investigated in cerebral microvessels isolated from brains of gerbils subjected to bilateral cerebral ischemia with and without various periods of recovery. A transiently increased capillary uptake of3H-isoleucine,14C-cycloleucine and3H-phenylalanine was found in both conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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