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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (233)
  • 1995-1999  (157)
  • 1970-1974  (76)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature and strain dependence of the roughening transition in III-V semiconductor and SiGe epitaxial growth (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 811-816 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Experimental and theoretical evidence is given for the occurrence of a temperature and strain dependent roughening transition from two dimensional (2-D) monolayer to 3-D island growth in strained III-V compound ternary alloys and GeSi. For sufficiently large strain energy values the shape of the transition curve was found to follow a T∼ε−2f relationship, as predicted from classical nucleation theory arguments, where T is the growth temperature and εf the areal misfit strain energy. The asymptotic behavior in the zero strain energy regime could be reproduced by an empirical curve of a more complex expression. The transition curve appears to separate routes of strain relief in the above systems, which were found to predominantly follow 3-D island formation in the higher, and misfit dislocation formation in the lower growth temperature/strain regime. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360270
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the reliability of density functional methods: Reaction and activation energies for Si–Si bond cleavage and H2 elimination from silanes (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 148-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to test the reliability of plane-wave and Gaussian-orbital based DFT methods for calculating reaction energies and activation barriers, detailed calculations are performed for several reactions involving gas phase silanes and a simple model of H2 desorption from the Si(100)2×1 surface. This study is motivated in particular by apparent discrepancies between the results of cluster-model and slab-model calculations of the activation energy for H2 desorption from the Si(100)2×1 surface. The DFT results obtained with several different exchange-correlation functionals are compared with the results of calculations with the generally reliable QCISD(T) method and, where possible, with experiment. It is found that the functionals usually employed in plane-wave DFT calculations significantly underestimate the activation energies. The Becke3LYP functional, on the other hand, is found to give reaction and activation energies close to experiment and to those from QCISD(T) calculations. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470885
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Si adatom binding and diffusion on the Si(100) surface: Comparison of ab initio, semiempirical and empirical potential results (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 1044-1056 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The binding energies and configurations for single Si adatoms on the Si(100) surface are investigated theoretically. Detailed comparisons between previously published and new calculations using classical potentials, semiempirical formulations, and density functional theory (DFT) are made. The DFT calculations used both the plane-wave-pseudopotential approach in a periodic slab geometry and the Gaussian-orbital based all-electron approach employing cluster geometries. In the local-density approximation excellent agreement between the cluster and slab results was obtained. Inclusion of gradient corrections to the exchange-correlation energy significantly improves absolute binding energies and changes relative energies by as much as 0.3–0.5 eV depending on the particular exchange-correlation functional used. Binding energies and relative energies obtained using the classical potentials disagree with the gradient corrected DFT energies at about the 0.6–0.9 eV level, and most find qualitatively different local minima from those found in the DFT calculations. The semiempirical approaches give results intermediate in quality between those of the classical potentials and the ab initio calculations. Analysis of the energies and binding site geometries provides insight into the shortcomings of some of the classical potentials. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.469453
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lamellar Phases in Contact with the Lower Consolute Loop of Ionic Surfactant-Water Systems (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 11 (1995), S. 4202-4204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00011a006
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New variable low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope for use in ultrahigh vacuum (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 2499-2503 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe the design and characterization of a new variable low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (STM) which has been proven to give atomic resolution at temperatures between 77 K and room temperature but which is also capable of performing experiments as low as 4 K. The STM "head'' itself consists of a unique cold dewar made up of an upper and lower reservoir connected together by two tubes which pass through an 8 in. conflat flange. The STM stage is suspended in between the two reservoirs by three long springs which pass through holes in the upper reservoir and also attach to the top flange. An adjustable cold shroud surrounds the STM stage for radiation shielding while allowing sample and tip transfer when raised. It has the additional advantage of providing a controllable heat leak. By raising the shroud, the temperature can be increased; by lowering it, the temperature can be decreased. The cold reservoirs can be filled with either liquid nitrogen or liquid helium. In the case of liquid helium, an additional liquid nitrogen "jacket'' surrounds the STM head. Everything is operated inside a customized ultrahigh vacuum chamber containing low-energy electron diffraction and various sample preparation facilities. A detailed description of the STM is presented together with performance results. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145647
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A solid state detector for soft energy extended x-ray absorption fine structure measurements : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 2333-2335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Following the success of solid state detector systems for extended x-ray absorption fine structure studies at high x-ray energies, there is now an increasing demand for similar devices capable of operating in the soft x-ray energy range below about 3 keV. Recent developments in sophisticated detector fabrication techniques now make the construction of specialized devices, suitable for high quality spectroscopy in this energy range, a practicable proposition. We present the results of extensive testing of a new detector developed specifically for use in the sub-3 keV energy range. We have measured energy resolutions of less than 125 eV full width at half maximum at sulfur and silicon Kα energies and the ability of the detector to achieve this resolution at the copper Lα line has also been shown. Finally we demonstrate the potential of this device in a study of trace dopants in bulk silicon based quantum dot glasses. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145680
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Core excitons in silicon and silicon oxides : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 1480-1482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Using a newly developed reflectometer we have measured the reflectivity at the silicon K edge for different silicon compounds. Combining these measurements with silicon L edge reflectivity measurements carried out on a different reflectometer we determined the binding energy of core excitons at the L edge. The results show that it is possible to carry out reflectivity measurements with the resolution necessary for the determination of the exciton parameters. Comparison with literature values shows that a rigid Kramers–Kronig analysis is not needed when the angle of incidence is well below the critical angle of total external reflection. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146471
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new device for injection of iron atoms into plasmas : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 568-570 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Reduction of indigenous metal impurities in tokamak plasmas and impurity requirements for the x-ray diagnosis of central plasma parameters necessitates artificial introduction of metal atoms. A new inexpensive method is described using ferrocene, Fe(C5H5)2, a substance which sublimes. A prototype device was tested at the Atomic-Beam Facility at PPPL. Ferrocene was injected into a pulsed helium plasma with an electron density of 2×1013 cm−3 and an electron temperature of 5 eV. The injected amount of ferrocene was controlled by varying the sublimation temperature in the range from 70 to 150 °C and adjusting the pulse length of a solenoid valve; the resulting iron atom concentration in the plasma was determined by monitoring the intensity of the Fe line at 5269 A(ring). The device and the test results are presented. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146287
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of He-like krypton for use in determining electron and ion temperatures in very-high-temperature plasmas : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 761-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: High-resolution measurements of the He-like Kr K-shell radiation are presented showing the direct excitation lines as well as Li- and Be-like dielectronic recombination lines appearing in the KLL resonance. The measurements were performed on the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) facility and motivated by the need for accurate atomic data of high-Z He-like K-shell transitions for diagnostic applications in determining the central ion and electron temperature of very-high-temperature plasmas produced in next-generation tokamaks, such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146281
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantifying carbohydrate fractions in forage plants (1972)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20 (1972), S. 238-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60180a009
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