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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Misregulation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activity and cell type-specific loss of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in the cerebellum of aged rats (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 93 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Protein modification by ADP-ribose polymers is a common regulatory mechanism in eukaryotic cells and is involved in several aspects of brain physiology and physiopathology, including neurotransmission, memory formation, neurotoxicity, ageing and age-associated diseases. Here we show age-related misregulation of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in rat cerebellum as revealed by: (i) reduced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) activation in response to enzymatic DNA cleavage, (ii) altered protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation profiles in isolated nuclei, and (iii) cell type-specific loss of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation capacity in granule cell layer and Purkinje cells in vivo. In particular, although PARP-1 could be detected in virtually all granule cells, only a fraction of them appeared to be actively engaged in poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis and this fraction was reduced in old rat cerebellum. NAD+, quantified in tissue homogenates, was essentially the same in the cerebellum of young and old rats suggesting that in vivo factors other than PARP-1 content and/or NAD+ levels may be responsible for the age-associated lowering of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis. Moreover, PARP-1 expression was substantially down-regulated in Purkinje cells of senescent rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03082.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene Expression in Human Macrophages Infected with Dengue Virus Serotype-2 (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 60 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Infection by any of the four serotypes of dengue viruses (DEN-1, -2, -3 and -4) may result in either a relatively benign fever, called dengue fever (DF), a fatal disease, such as dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Several lines of evidence suggest that soluble immune response mediators may be involved in the severity of dengue infections. For instance, elevated seric levels of IL-8 are a common feature in DHF patients. Because other chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, chemokine and cytokine receptors, as well as cytokine-related molecules may also be involved in dengue virus pathogenesis, we aimed at analysing the gene expression of such molecules in the course of an in vitro DEN-2 infection of human peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages, a cell type regarded as a primary target for DEN. Nylon membrane gene arrays containing 375 different human cytokine-related genes were used as a first step to search for differentially expressed genes upon infection. Transcripts for IL-8, IL-1β, osteopontin, GRO-α, -β and -γ, I-309, and some other molecules showed to be upregulated upon infection, whereas others such as MIC-1, CD27L and CD30L, were downregulated. Four genes were selected for reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction based gene-expression analysis as a way to partially confirm microarray results. This approach pointed out 25 macrophage-expressed cytokine-related genes that could be relevant in DEN-2 pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01519.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-treatment diagnostic accuracy of a new enzyme immunoassay to detect Helicobacter pylori in stools (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Helicobacter pylori has attracted increasing attention among gastroenterologists because of its pathogenic potential, stimulating the search for non-invasive diagnostic tests.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aims:In this study the efficacy of a new enzyme immunoassay designed to detect H. pylori antigens in stools (HpSA) was evaluated before and after eradication therapy.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:HpSA was performed on stool samples collected from 268 patients whose H. pylori status was defined on the basis of concordant results for the 13C-urea breath test, rapid urease test and histology. The H. pylori-positive patients were treated with a 1-week triple therapy to eradicate the infection. One (T30) and 3 months (T90) after the end of therapy, 13C-urea breath test and HpSA were repeated in the treated patients.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:The overall diagnostic accuracy of HpSA at T30 (83%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 77–89%) was significantly lower in comparison to the values obtained at baseline (94%, 95% CI: 91–97%) and at T90 (97%, 95% CI: 94–99%). No significant difference was found between the diagnostic accuracy of HpSA at baseline and at T90 (P=0.253).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:The present data suggest that HpSA provides a low diagnostic accuracy when used shortly after treatment. It needs a longer period of follow-up (8–12 weeks) to reach a reliability comparable to the 13C-urea breath test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00928.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss of 8Li recoil nuclei in 7Li(d,p)8Li and implications on the 7Be(p,γ )8B cross section (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 3 (1998), S. 1-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:26.20.+f Hydrostatic stellar nucleosynthesis – 25.60.Dz Interaction and reaction cross sections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The loss of 8Li recoil nuclei in 7Li(d,p)8Li has been measured using different backings and 7LiF target thicknesses as well as different deuteron energies. The results confirm essentially recent TRIM calculations. The losses are large (about 13%) for the combination of thin targets and heavy backings at E d=0.80 MeV and increase with decreasing deuteron energy. The implications on the cross sections for 7Li(d,p)8Li and 7Be(p,γ)8B are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050141
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recoil separator ERNA: ion beam specifications (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 471-477 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. For improved measurements of the key astrophysical reaction 12C(α,γ)16O in inverted kinematics, a recoil separator ERNA is being developed at the 4 MV Dynamitron tandem accelerator in Bochum to detect directly the 16O recoils with about 50% efficiency. Calculations of the ion beam optics including all filtering and focusing elements of ERNA are presented. Since the 12C projectiles and the 16O recoils have essentially the same momentum, and since the 12C ion beam emerging from the accelerator passes through a momentum filter (analysing magnet), the 12C ion beam must be as free as possible from 16O contamination for ERNA to succeed. In the present work, the 16O contamination was reduced from a level of 1 × 10−11 to a level below 2 × 10−29 by the installation of Wien filters both before and after the analysing magnet. The measurement of these and other beam specifications involved other parts of the final ERNA layout – sequentially a Wien filter, a 60˚ dipole magnet, another Wien filter, and a ΔE-E telescope. The setup led to a measured suppression factor of 5 × 10−18 for the 12C ion beam. The experiments also indicate that an almost free choice of the charge state for the 16O recoils is possible in the separator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050371
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pre-equilibrium γ-ray emission in dissipative heavy-ion collisions (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 352 (1995), S. 421-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70-z ; 24.30.Cz ; 25.70.Lm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract γ-rays are measured in coincidence with the dissipative complex fragments from the35Cl +64Ni reaction at 7.7 A MeV. Theoretical γ-ray coincidence spectra are determined through a fitting procedure using the contribution of the excited fragment statistical γ-decay calculated by means of the CASCADE code. Whereas the expected statistical spectra fit very well the data in the energy regionE ν=2 to 8 MeV, above this energy another emission mechanism in addition to the statistical decay has to be considered in order to reproduce the experimental spectra. Simulations based on the Vlasov equation suggest that this emission could come from the decay of dipole strength excited in the intermediate dinuclear system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01299760
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of insulin on bone resorption (1973)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 12 (1973), S. 8-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Insulin ; Bone ; Calcium ; Resorption ; Orthophosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'administration d'insuline cristallisée à des rats thyroparathyroidectomisés provoque une augmentation de la calcémie et de la phosphorémie. Le calcium plasmatique s'élève de façon linéaire entre 31 et 250 m Unités d'insuline/100 g de poids corporel. La courbe obtenue n'est guère différente de celle obtenue par extrait parathyroidien. L'administration simultanée d'insuline et d'extrait parathyroidien à des rats thyro-parathyroidectomisés agit sur la calcémie et la phosphorémie par un effet additif. Lorsque des os frontaux d'embryons de poulet sont cultivésin vitro en présence d'insuline cristallisée, le taux de résorption augmente. L'insuline augmente le taux de consommation en glucose des explants et induit une accumulation de citrate dans le milieu de culture. L'insuline stimule donc la résorption osseuse.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der Plasmagehalt an Calcium und Phosphor bei thyroparathyreoidektomierten Ratten wurde durch die Verabreichung von kristallinem Insulin erhöht. Das Plasmacalcium verhielt sich zwischen 31 und 250 m Einheiten Insulin pro 100 g Körpergewicht linear. Die Steigung der erhaltenen Kurve ist nicht signifikant verschieden von derjenigen, die nach Parathyreoidea-Extrakt erhalten wird. Die gleichzeitige Verabreichung von Insulin und Parathyreoidea-Extrakt von thyroparathyreoidektomierten Ratten hatte eine kumulative Wirkung auf den Gehalt von Calcium und Phosphor im Plasma. Wenn Stirnbeine von Kükenembryos mit kristallinem Insulinin vitro kultiviert wurden, erhöhte sich die Resorptionsrate. Das Insulin steigerte den Glucoseverbrauch der Explantate und verursachte eine Anreicherung von Citrat im Kulturmedium. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine Stimulation der Knochenresorption durch Insulin.
    Notes: Abstract the administration of crystalline insulin to thyroparathyroidectomized rats raised their calcium and phosphorus plasma levels. The plasma calcium gave a linear response between 31 and 250 mU of insulin/100 g body weight. The slope obtained is not significantly different from that obtained with parathyroid extract. The simultaneous administration of insulin and parathyroid extract to thyroparathyroidectomized rats affected the calcium and phosphorus plasma levels in an additive fashion. When chick embryo frontal bones were cultivatedin vitro with crystalline insulin the rate of resorption increased. Insulin increased the rate of glucose consumption by the explants and induced the accumulation of citrate in the culture medium. It is concluded that insulin stimulates bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013717
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Causality for nonlinear systems in Hilbert spaces (1973)
    Springer
    Theory of computing systems 7 (1973), S. 323-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0490
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper is about the causality structure of systems in Hilbert spaces. While treatments on the subjects are usually confined to systems which enjoy properties such as linearity, boundedness, or nonpredictive behavior, here, all these properties play no essential role. As a consequence, new and more general results are obtained. These results concern the concepts of causality, anticausality, and crosscausality, and give necessary and sufficient conditions to decompose a general system into the sum of causal, anticausal, and crosscausal components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01890607
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollution-Tolerant Allele in Fingernail Clams (Musculium transversum) (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 35 (1998), S. 302-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. For nearly 50 years, the fingernail clam (Musculium transversum) was believed to be virtually eliminated from the Illinois River. In 1991, workers began finding substantial populations of M. transversum in the Illinois River including several beds in and around the highly polluted Chicago Sanitary District. In order to determine if populations of M. transversum from polluted sites exhibited any genetic response to the high levels of toxins and to examine the genetic structure of several populations of M. transversum for any changes due to the population crash, starch-gel electrophoresis was performed on M. transversum from three Illinois River localities and four Mississippi River basin locations. The sampled populations produced an inbreeding coefficient (FIS) of 0.929, indicating that the populations were highly inbred. The results of a suspected founder effect due to a bottleneck was suggested by an FST= 0.442. The isozyme Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase-2 (Gpi-2) produced allelic frequency patterns that were consistent with expected patterns of a pollution-tolerant allele. Polluted sites exhibited elevated frequencies of Gpi-2 100 whereas nonpolluted sites exhibited elevated frequencies of Gpi-2 74 . This frequency pattern suggested that natural selection was occurring in populations under severe toxic pressures, leading to an increase in the frequency of the allele Gpi-2 100 . Therefore, Gpi-2 100 is a possible pollution-tolerant mutation in M. transversum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900380
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of androgens on the carbohydrate metabolism of bone (1970)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 6 (1970), S. 133-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Testosterone ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; Glucosephosphate-dehydrogenase ; Glucose ; Bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les effets des androgènes (déhydroépiandrostérone et testostérone) sur le métabolisme des hydrates de carbone ont été étudiés en utilisant deux modèles expérimentaux. Le premier fait appel à la culturein vitro d'os embryonnaires d'oiseaux. Dans le deuxième modèle, on utilise des os non embryonnaires de mammifères, en cours d'ossification enchondralein vivo. Dans les deux cas, on note une augmentation de l'activité de la glucose-6-phosphate déhydrogénase et une oxydation différente de la glucose-1-14C et glucose-6-14C. Ces faits indiquent un changement dans le métabolisme du glucose allant vers la voie oxydative directe. En plus, le traitement provoque une hyperplasie de la couche hypertrophique dans l'épiphyse osseuse chez les souris prépubères.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Wirkungen von Androgenen (Dehydroepiandrosteron und Testosteron) auf den Kohlenhydratumsatz von Knochen mittels 2 experimenteller Modelle untersucht: einerseits anin vitro gezüchteten Bindegewebsknochen von Hühnerembryonen und andererseitsin vivo an nichtembryonalen Säugetierknochen mit endochondraler Ossifikation. In beiden Modellen läßt die Aktivitätszunahme der Glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase und die unterschiedliche Oxydation von Glucose-1-14C und Glucose-6-14C eine Verschiebung des Glucosemetabolismus gegen den direkten oxydativen Abbau vermuten. Weiterhin erzeugt eine Behandlung mit diesen Hormonen eine Hyperplasie der hypertrophen Zellschicht an der Epiphysenplatte von vorpubertären Mäusen.
    Notes: Abstract An investigation on the effects of androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone) on the carbohydrate metabolism of bone was carried out with two experimental models: avian embryonic membranous bone cultivatedin vitro, and mammal non-embryonic bone of endochondral ossificationin vivo. In both models, the increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and the differential oxidation of glucose-1-14C and glucose-6-14C suggest a shift in glucose metabolism toward the direct oxidative pathway. In addition, treatment with these hormones produces hyperplasia of the hypertrophic cell layer at the epiphyseal plate of prepubertal mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02196192
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