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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 513 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theory of computing systems 7 (1973), S. 323-337 
    ISSN: 1433-0490
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper is about the causality structure of systems in Hilbert spaces. While treatments on the subjects are usually confined to systems which enjoy properties such as linearity, boundedness, or nonpredictive behavior, here, all these properties play no essential role. As a consequence, new and more general results are obtained. These results concern the concepts of causality, anticausality, and crosscausality, and give necessary and sufficient conditions to decompose a general system into the sum of causal, anticausal, and crosscausal components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 12 (1973), S. 8-15 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Insulin ; Bone ; Calcium ; Resorption ; Orthophosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'administration d'insuline cristallisée à des rats thyroparathyroidectomisés provoque une augmentation de la calcémie et de la phosphorémie. Le calcium plasmatique s'élève de façon linéaire entre 31 et 250 m Unités d'insuline/100 g de poids corporel. La courbe obtenue n'est guère différente de celle obtenue par extrait parathyroidien. L'administration simultanée d'insuline et d'extrait parathyroidien à des rats thyro-parathyroidectomisés agit sur la calcémie et la phosphorémie par un effet additif. Lorsque des os frontaux d'embryons de poulet sont cultivésin vitro en présence d'insuline cristallisée, le taux de résorption augmente. L'insuline augmente le taux de consommation en glucose des explants et induit une accumulation de citrate dans le milieu de culture. L'insuline stimule donc la résorption osseuse.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der Plasmagehalt an Calcium und Phosphor bei thyroparathyreoidektomierten Ratten wurde durch die Verabreichung von kristallinem Insulin erhöht. Das Plasmacalcium verhielt sich zwischen 31 und 250 m Einheiten Insulin pro 100 g Körpergewicht linear. Die Steigung der erhaltenen Kurve ist nicht signifikant verschieden von derjenigen, die nach Parathyreoidea-Extrakt erhalten wird. Die gleichzeitige Verabreichung von Insulin und Parathyreoidea-Extrakt von thyroparathyreoidektomierten Ratten hatte eine kumulative Wirkung auf den Gehalt von Calcium und Phosphor im Plasma. Wenn Stirnbeine von Kükenembryos mit kristallinem Insulinin vitro kultiviert wurden, erhöhte sich die Resorptionsrate. Das Insulin steigerte den Glucoseverbrauch der Explantate und verursachte eine Anreicherung von Citrat im Kulturmedium. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine Stimulation der Knochenresorption durch Insulin.
    Notes: Abstract the administration of crystalline insulin to thyroparathyroidectomized rats raised their calcium and phosphorus plasma levels. The plasma calcium gave a linear response between 31 and 250 mU of insulin/100 g body weight. The slope obtained is not significantly different from that obtained with parathyroid extract. The simultaneous administration of insulin and parathyroid extract to thyroparathyroidectomized rats affected the calcium and phosphorus plasma levels in an additive fashion. When chick embryo frontal bones were cultivatedin vitro with crystalline insulin the rate of resorption increased. Insulin increased the rate of glucose consumption by the explants and induced the accumulation of citrate in the culture medium. It is concluded that insulin stimulates bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 6 (1970), S. 133-142 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Testosterone ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; Glucosephosphate-dehydrogenase ; Glucose ; Bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les effets des androgènes (déhydroépiandrostérone et testostérone) sur le métabolisme des hydrates de carbone ont été étudiés en utilisant deux modèles expérimentaux. Le premier fait appel à la culturein vitro d'os embryonnaires d'oiseaux. Dans le deuxième modèle, on utilise des os non embryonnaires de mammifères, en cours d'ossification enchondralein vivo. Dans les deux cas, on note une augmentation de l'activité de la glucose-6-phosphate déhydrogénase et une oxydation différente de la glucose-1-14C et glucose-6-14C. Ces faits indiquent un changement dans le métabolisme du glucose allant vers la voie oxydative directe. En plus, le traitement provoque une hyperplasie de la couche hypertrophique dans l'épiphyse osseuse chez les souris prépubères.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Wirkungen von Androgenen (Dehydroepiandrosteron und Testosteron) auf den Kohlenhydratumsatz von Knochen mittels 2 experimenteller Modelle untersucht: einerseits anin vitro gezüchteten Bindegewebsknochen von Hühnerembryonen und andererseitsin vivo an nichtembryonalen Säugetierknochen mit endochondraler Ossifikation. In beiden Modellen läßt die Aktivitätszunahme der Glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase und die unterschiedliche Oxydation von Glucose-1-14C und Glucose-6-14C eine Verschiebung des Glucosemetabolismus gegen den direkten oxydativen Abbau vermuten. Weiterhin erzeugt eine Behandlung mit diesen Hormonen eine Hyperplasie der hypertrophen Zellschicht an der Epiphysenplatte von vorpubertären Mäusen.
    Notes: Abstract An investigation on the effects of androgens (dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone) on the carbohydrate metabolism of bone was carried out with two experimental models: avian embryonic membranous bone cultivatedin vitro, and mammal non-embryonic bone of endochondral ossificationin vivo. In both models, the increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and the differential oxidation of glucose-1-14C and glucose-6-14C suggest a shift in glucose metabolism toward the direct oxidative pathway. In addition, treatment with these hormones produces hyperplasia of the hypertrophic cell layer at the epiphyseal plate of prepubertal mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 35 (1998), S. 302-308 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. For nearly 50 years, the fingernail clam (Musculium transversum) was believed to be virtually eliminated from the Illinois River. In 1991, workers began finding substantial populations of M. transversum in the Illinois River including several beds in and around the highly polluted Chicago Sanitary District. In order to determine if populations of M. transversum from polluted sites exhibited any genetic response to the high levels of toxins and to examine the genetic structure of several populations of M. transversum for any changes due to the population crash, starch-gel electrophoresis was performed on M. transversum from three Illinois River localities and four Mississippi River basin locations. The sampled populations produced an inbreeding coefficient (FIS) of 0.929, indicating that the populations were highly inbred. The results of a suspected founder effect due to a bottleneck was suggested by an FST= 0.442. The isozyme Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase-2 (Gpi-2) produced allelic frequency patterns that were consistent with expected patterns of a pollution-tolerant allele. Polluted sites exhibited elevated frequencies of Gpi-2 100 whereas nonpolluted sites exhibited elevated frequencies of Gpi-2 74 . This frequency pattern suggested that natural selection was occurring in populations under severe toxic pressures, leading to an increase in the frequency of the allele Gpi-2 100 . Therefore, Gpi-2 100 is a possible pollution-tolerant mutation in M. transversum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 135-138 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: hypertension ; cadralazine ; vasodilators ; chlorthalidone ; atenolol ; side-effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antihypertensive efficacy of a new long-lasting vasodilator, cadralazine, and the diuretic chlorthalidone have been compared in hypertensive patients receiving concurrent treatment with atenolol. After a 4-week run-in period with atenolol alone 100 mg/day, two groups of 10 patients whose diastolic blood pressure exceeded 100 mm Hg were given for a period of 65 days either cadralazine 15 mg/day or chlorthalidone 25 mg/day, according to a randomized, double-blind, between-patients design. Compared to atenolol alone, both cadralazine and chlorthalidone induced a statistically and clinically significant decrease in blood pressure. The antihypertensive effect did not differ significantly between groups. Good compensation of the atenolol-induced decrease in heart rate was obtained with cadralazine, whereas during atenolol + chlorthalidone treatment at times the standing heart rate was significantly lower than during treatment with atenolol + cadralazine. Side-effects, many of which were already present during atenolol treatment, occurred with a similar frequency in both groups. It is concluded that atenolol + cadralazine and atenolol + chlorthalidone are equally well tolerated, acceptable and effective in the treatment of hypertension, but that further studies are warranted to explore the potential haemodynamic advantages of the cadralazine + atenolol combination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The chromosomes of the diploid Hyla chrysoscelis and its tetraploid sibling species H. versicolor were studied with AgNO3 staining and in situ hybridization to determine the chromosome location of the 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. A total of 236 Hyla chrysoscelis from 34 localities in 15 U.S. states and 100 H. versicolor from 15 localities in 12 states were examined. The rRNA gene sites were extremely variable in H. chrysoscelis, and also variable, but to a lesser extent, in H. versicolor. The most common rRNA gene site in both H. chrysoscelis and H. versicolor was on the short arm of chromosome 6. All of the rRNA gene locations seen in H. versicolor were also seen in H. chrysoscelis, supporting the hypothesis that the tetraploid H. versicolor arose from H. chrysoscelis. Although polymorphic rRNA gene sites in H. versicolor may reflect the positions of the rRNA genes in H. chrysoscelis ancestors, the origin of the extreme variability of such sites in H. chrysoscelis seems more obscure. Possible explanations include inversions, translocations, mobile genetic elements or a combination of some or all of these.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-0743
    Keywords: dobutamine stress echocardiography ; myocardial scintigraphy ; SPET ; Sestamibi ; pharmacological stress testing ; coronary artery disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Simultaneous dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and99mTc-MIBI-SPET (DMS) for the evaluation of the presence and the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) were assessed for a head to head comparison regarding the diagnostic accuracy of the two tests. Methods and Results: Forty-five consecutive patients (33 males and 12 females: 53±6.8 yr.) underwent exercise electrocardiography and simultaneous dobutamine stress echocardiography and MIBI-SPET imaging. Coronary angiography was performed in all patients (significant coronary stenosis 〉 50%). On the basis of the results of exercise electrocardiogram the pre-test probability for coronary artery disease (Diamond's algorithm) was low (45.6±12.7 %). The overall specificity, sensitivity and predictive accuracy of Echo-dobutamine stress test for diagnosis of the presence or absence of CAD were: specificity 82%, sensitivity 76%, diagnostic accuracy 80%, positive predictive value 90%, negative predictive value 40%. The overall specificity, sensitivity and predictive accuracy of MIBI-SPET-dobutamine test for diagnosis of the presence or absence of CAD were: specificity 86%, sensitivity 87%, diagnostic accuracy 84%, positive predictive value 97%, negative predictive value 54%. MIBI-SPET-dobutamine test showed a significantly higher sensitivity in comparison with ECHO-dobutamine test (P〈0.05). Conclusion: Both noninvasive methods for the detection of CAD showed a good diagnostic accuracy. Nevertheless the SPET model showed an higher sensitivity in comparison with DSE model, essentially in the presence of a lower extent of CAD and during submaximal test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70-z ; 24.30.Cz ; 25.70.Lm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract γ-rays are measured in coincidence with the dissipative complex fragments from the35Cl +64Ni reaction at 7.7 A MeV. Theoretical γ-ray coincidence spectra are determined through a fitting procedure using the contribution of the excited fragment statistical γ-decay calculated by means of the CASCADE code. Whereas the expected statistical spectra fit very well the data in the energy regionE ν=2 to 8 MeV, above this energy another emission mechanism in addition to the statistical decay has to be considered in order to reproduce the experimental spectra. Simulations based on the Vlasov equation suggest that this emission could come from the decay of dipole strength excited in the intermediate dinuclear system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. For improved measurements of the key astrophysical reaction 12C(α,γ)16O in inverted kinematics, a recoil separator ERNA is being developed at the 4 MV Dynamitron tandem accelerator in Bochum to detect directly the 16O recoils with about 50% efficiency. Calculations of the ion beam optics including all filtering and focusing elements of ERNA are presented. Since the 12C projectiles and the 16O recoils have essentially the same momentum, and since the 12C ion beam emerging from the accelerator passes through a momentum filter (analysing magnet), the 12C ion beam must be as free as possible from 16O contamination for ERNA to succeed. In the present work, the 16O contamination was reduced from a level of 1 × 10−11 to a level below 2 × 10−29 by the installation of Wien filters both before and after the analysing magnet. The measurement of these and other beam specifications involved other parts of the final ERNA layout – sequentially a Wien filter, a 60˚ dipole magnet, another Wien filter, and a ΔE-E telescope. The setup led to a measured suppression factor of 5 × 10−18 for the 12C ion beam. The experiments also indicate that an almost free choice of the charge state for the 16O recoils is possible in the separator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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