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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 28 (1985), S. 1248-1252 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The numerical continuation and bifurcation methods of Keller [H. B. Keller, in Applications of Bifurcation Theory (Academic, New York, 1977), pp. 359–384] are used to study the variation of some branches of axisymmetric Taylor vortex flow as the wavelength in the axial direction changes. Closed "loops'' of solutions and secondary bifurcations are determined. Variations with respect to Reynolds number show the same phenomena. The results presented here show that Taylor vortices with periodic boundary conditions exist in a wider range of wavelengths, λ, than observed in the Burkhalter/Koschmieder experiments [Phys. Fluids 17, 1929 (1974)]. They also show that there is possibly a λ subinterval within the neutral curve of Couette flow such that there are no Taylor vortex flows with smallest period in this interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 220 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 35 (1963), S. 400-402 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 44 (1972), S. 434-442 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 336 (1972), S. 217-224 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: H2 Clearance ; Carotid Body ; Blood Flow ; Chemoreceptor Function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A technique is described which enables the determination of local blood flow in different points of the carotid body. The blood flow measured in the middle zone of the catorid body at mean blood pressure of 120 to 130 mm Hg was about 2000 ml/100 gxmin and corresponded to the total flow values known thus far. It was found that the flow/g weight decreases from the arterial inflow towards the periphery. Under our experimental conditions no signs of autoregulation could be detected. Under special experimental conditions differnnt flow distributions were observed in the carotid body.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 10 (1986), S. 53-63 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La dénutrition représente un facteur de risque important chez les malades qui doivent subir une intervention gastro-intestinale majeure. En 7–10 jours, une alimentation parentérale préopératoire est susceptible d'améliorer l'état nutritif de la majorité des sujets dénutris. La concentration de divers facteurs protéiques et l'immunocompétence augmentent de manière significative. Les conséquences de l'alimentation parentérale préopératoire ont été étudiées avec précision seulement lors de quelques essais comparatifs. Les résultats de ces études n'ont pas toujours été identiques. Cependant, on peut dire que lorsque le taux des complications postopératoires était élevé il s'est trouvé réduit. L'amélioration de la technique chirurgicale limite cependant la valeur de ce fait. En réalité, on peut considérer que l'alimentation parentérale restera indiquée jusqu'à ce que le taux des complications opératoires devienne nul, en particulier lorsque le malade est traité pour un cancer de la partie supérieure du tube digestif par une intervention majeure.
    Abstract: Resumen La malnutrición puede ser un importante factor de riesgo, especialmente en pacientes sometidos a cirugía gastrointestinal mayor. Mediante la provisión de siete a diez días de nutrición parenteral preoperatoria adecuada, hemos sido capaces de mejorar el estado nutricional de la mayoría de los pacientes. Las concentraciones de los diversos parámetros de los compartimientos proteicos y de la inmunocompetencia aparecen significativamente incrementadas. El efecto de la nutrición parenteral preoperatoria sobre el resultado postoperatorio ha sido estudiado sólo en unos pocos ensayos clínicos debidamente diseñados: los resultados no han sido unánimes. Sólo si la tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias ha sido alta, la nutrición parenteral preoperatoria aparece disminuyéndola en forma significativa. Las mejores técnicas quirúrgicas han venido a limitar el valor de la nutrición parenteral preoperatoria. Pero mientras la tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias no llegue a 0, la nutrición parenteral preoperatoria tendrá significación, especialmente en pacientes con cáncer del tracto gastrointestinal alto, para quienes se planea una operación mayor.
    Notes: Abstract Malnutrition can be an important risk factor, especially in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. With 7–10 days of adequate preoperative parenteral nutrition, we are able to improve the nutritional status of most patients. Concentrations of several parameters of the protein compartment and immunocompetence increase significantly. The effect of preoperative parenteral nutrition on postoperative outcome has been tested in only a few properly designed comparative trials. The results were not unanimous. If the postoperative complication rate was high, preoperative parenteral nutrition significantly reduced it. Improvement in surgical technique limited the value of preoperative parenteral nutrition. However, as long as the postoperative complication rate is not zero, preoperative parenteral nutrition is indicated, especially in patients with cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract, when a major operation is planned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 334 (1986), S. 346-351 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Nerve growth factor (NGF) ; Rat basal forebrain ; Cholinergic neurons ; Monoaminergic neurons ; Denervation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have investigated whether degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons is a potential trigger for increased NGF production in the adult rat brain. Electrolytic lesions of cholinergic neurons in the septum-diagonal band and in the nucleus basalis of Meynert induced a transient increase in NGF in the ventral hippocampus (+70%) and cerebral cortex (+125%), respectively. In contrast, selective aminergic denervation of the forebrain by electrolytic lesion of the medial forebrain bundle, did not increase NGF levels in hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Thus, a cholinergic mechanism appears to regulate NGF production in adult rat basal forebrain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Carotid artery obliteration ; Cerebral vascular accident ; Doppler ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch percutane Messungen der Strömungsverhältnisse in den frontoorbitalen Endarterien der Aa. ophthalmicase — Aa. supratrochlearis et supraorbitalis — mit Doppler-Ultraschall lassen sich etwa 90% aller hämodynamisch wirksamen Lumeneinengungen der A. carotis ohne genauere Lokalisation unblutig diagnostizieren. Dabei werden subtotale Stenosen und Okklusionen mit an Sicherheit grenzender Wahrscheinlichkeit erfaßt. Der Untersuchungsablauf erfordert die systematische Kompression von Aa. temporalis superficialis, facialis und carotis communis, letzteres über 3 bis 5 Herzaktionen. R-Zacken-getriggerte Mittelwertbildung des Strömungssignals über 30 Herzaktionen ergänzt den akustischen Strömungseindruck und die direkt registrierte Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, wobei Strömungspulswellen und gemittelte Latenz des systolischen Strömungspulsanstiegs-punktes zur Herzaktion sichtbar werden. Asymptomatische schwere Stenosen werden meist über den Circulus arteriosus (Willisi) kompensiert. Treten dazu kontralateral wesentlich geringfügigere Lumeneinengungen auf, so können sich Hemisphärensymptome ergeben, die von der primär nicht obstruierten A. carotis ausgehen. Im Untersuchungsablauf zeigen die massiven Lumeneinengungen mit pathologischen Strömungsverhältnissen und pathologischen Reaktionen auf systematische Kompression von Externaästen und A. carotis communis an. Sie werden sicher diagnostiziert, auch wenn sie im ersten Moment im Widerspruch zur klinischen Symptomatik stehen. Unter 350 Fällen finden sich in unserem Untersuchungsgut 4 Patienten mit asymptomatischen schweren Obstruktionen oder zu diesen nicht passenden Hemisphärensymptomatik. Sie werden hier beschrieben und die Doppler-sonographischen Befunde mit einem Normalfall verglichen.
    Notes: Summary Percutaneous measurements with Doppler ultrasound techniques over the supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries — both terminal branches of the ophthalmic artery — may detect a stenosis in the carotid artery with a probability of 90% without giving the exact location. Subtotal or complete obstructions are diagnosed to an even higher percentage. The technique requires systematic compression of the superficial temporal, facial, and common carotid arteries, the last over 3 to 5 cardiac cycles. An average of the flow signals over 30 cardiac cycles complements the acoustic impression and the flow velocity directly registered. Flow pulse waves and mean latency of the systolic ascent in regard to the R peak of the ECG become visible. The circle of Willis compensates for most of the asymptomatic subtotal or total obstructions. If an additional much less obstructive process in the contralateral carotid artery occurs, there may be neurological symptoms originating in the hemisphere the carotid artery of which was not primarily affected. During an examination severe obstructions are indicated by pathological flow signals and pathological reactions on systematic compression of external carotid artery branches and the ipsiand contralateral common carotid artery. They are diagnosed with very high reliability, even if there is a contradiction to the clinical findings. From 350 cases 4 patients were found with asymtomatic severe obstructions or with clinical symptoms pointing to the uninvolved hemisphere. The Doppler findings are demonstrated and compared with a normal case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 335 (1987), S. 12-20 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: MAO-A ; MAO-13 ; Short-acting MAO inhibitors ; In vitro reversibility ; Rat brain and liver
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in rat liver and brain by the short-acting MAO-A inhibitors moclobemide (Ro 11-1163 = p-chloro-N-[2-morpholinoethyl]benzamide) and brofaremine and by the short-acting MAO-13 inhibitors Ro 16-6491 (N-[2-aminoethyl]-p-chlorobenzamide) and almoxatone, administered p. o. at roughly equieffective doses 2 h before decapitation, was investigated for its reversibility under various in vitro conditions. MAO A activity in liver homogenates, inhibited by moclobemide (300 μmol/kg) to approx. 15% of control, time dependently recovered during 0.5 to 2 h of incubation at 37°C, irrespective of whether the homogenates were prepared and incubated in distilled water or Krebs-Ringer buffer (KRB). Dialysis of such homogenates for 4 h in distilled water at 37°C (but not at 13°C) led to a complete return of the MAO activity. In liver homogenates from rats pretreated with brofaremine (30 μmol/kg), dialysis for 4 h at 37°C against distilled water caused only little recovery of the MAO activity. Likewise, MAO-B inhibited by Ro 16–6491 (30 μmol/kg) to approx. 4% of control returned to almost control activity after 4 h of dialysis at 37°C, while inhibition induced by almoxatone (30 μmol/kg) was little or not reversed at all. In brain homogenates prepared in, and dialysed against, distilled water or KRB at 37°C (but not at 13°C), MAO-A inhibited by moclobemide (100–300 μmol/kg) to approx. 15% of control, partially (KRB) or almost completely (dist. water) returned to control activity after 4 h of dialysis. From rats pretreated with Ro 16–6491 (30 μmol/kg), MAO-B in brain homogenates prepared in KRB was reduced to 12% of control and returned to control value upon dialysis for 4 h in KRB at 37°C; in homogenates prepared in H2O, MAO-B was reduced to only 60% of control and completely recovered by dialysis against dest. water even at 13°C. In all of these conditions, recovery of the enzyme activity was small after brofaremine and almoxatone. Analogous results were obtained with brain slices (0.2 × 0.2 × 1.5 mm) in KRB at 37°C, whereby time dependent recovery of MAO activity during incubation was achieved, and superfusion was somewhat more effective than incubation in restoring enzyme activity. In the experiments with incubated or superfused brain slices, inhibition of MAO-A and -B by the irreversible inhibitors clorgyline and selegiline (l-deprenyl), resp., could not be reversed at all. Tyramine (0.3 mmol/l) clearly enhanced the recovery of MAO-A in KRB-prepared liver homogenates and brain slices of moclobemide-pretreated rats but not in brain slices of brofaremine- and clorgyline-pretreated rats. Thus, the reversibility of MAO inhibition in vitro could be convincingly demonstrated for moclobemide and Ro 16–6491 but not for the other novel, short-acting MAO inhibitors studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The first scientific objective of the HMC is to discover and observe the comet nucleus and to attempt to verify its solid nature and the general concept of the icy conglomerate model of cometary nuclei, as proposed by Whipple1 about 36 years ago. This objective involves the determination of the ...
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