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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Space- and time-resolved optical spectroscopy of plumes generated by laser ablation of NiO in a vacuum (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 3379-3385 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Laser ablation of NiO at 266 nm has been studied by measuring absorption spectra and emission spectra which are resolved both temporally and spatially. The spectra were measured at several points 1 mm apart from the laser spot and with several detection angles. Ablated species in different electronic states such as the ground state, lower lying states, and excited states are distinguished from absorption and emission spectroscopy. Time-of-flight spectra of these species and their angular dependence are obtained. It is revealed that excited Ni neutrals are generated mainly by the recombination of Ni+ ions with electrons, and Ni+ ions ejected nearly normal to the surface are exclusively excited due to multiple collisional effect. The isotropic angular dependence of most probable velocities of Ni+ ions and Ni neutrals are explained by ambipolar diffusion of the plume. The mechanism of species ejection is also discussed. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367136
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Formation of semi-insulating 6H-SiC layers by vanadium ion implantations (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 1113-1115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Vanadium ion (V+) implantation has been successfully applied to the formation of semiinsulating 6H-SiC layers. The resistivity of V+-implanted layers strongly depended on the conduction type of initial 6H-SiC crystals. The resistivity at room temperature exceeded 1012 Ω cm and 106 Ω cm for p- and n-type samples, respectively. Compensation mechanism is discussed based on the temperature dependence of resistivity. This technique will be useful for device isolation, edge termination, and reduction of parasitic impedance of SiC devices. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117075
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Proliferative Effect of Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Pulsed Macrophages on T Cells from Mice with DSS-Induced Colitis and Inhibition of Effect by IgG (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 46 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The authors have previously reported that homologous immunoglobulin (Ig)G reduces the occurrence of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, mainly by suppressing recruitment of immunocompetent cells into colitis lesions. However, the mechanisms of cell recruitment and of its suppression by IgG remain unclear. In addressing these questions, this study focused on the activation of T cells in the presence of macrophages. The authors found that [3H]-thymidine uptake of T cells from DSS-induced colitis mice, but not from normal mice, was significantly enhanced when cultured with DSS-pulsed macrophages. From the profile of cytokine production, it was suggested that T helper 1 (Th1)-type cells become predominant during stimulation. Addition of homologous IgG significantly suppressed T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, while no suppressive effect was observed with heterologous IgG. Mouse IgG F(ab′)2, but not Fc, fragments partially mimicked the suppressive effect of whole IgG. These findings provide evidence that Th1-type cells may play an important role in the development of DSS-induced colitis and that homologous IgG exerts its protective action at least in part through the F(ab′)2 portion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-169.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mineral parageneses and metamorphic P-T paths of ultrahigh-pressure eclogites from Kyrghyzstan Tien-Shan (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @island arc 4 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1738
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Eclogites occur in three districts of the northern and southern parts of Tien-Shan. Three eclogites collected from the Aktyuz, Makbal and Atbashy districts were analyzed; the P-T paths of three eclogites were estimated by analyzing compositional growth zoning and retrograde reaction of garnet and omphacite. Aktyuz and Makbal eclogites have not preserved the prograde path. An Aktyuz eclogite that underwent a quartz eclogite facies metamorphism (about T = 600°C, P = 12 kbar) has recorded three stages of retrograde metamorphism. Four stages of retrograde metamorphism were recognized in a Makbal eclogite; the garnet-omphacite geothermometer gave about T = 560°C at 20 kbar as the highest metamorphic condition. Garnet from a garnetchloritoid-talc schist of the Makbal district includes quartz pseudomorphs after coesite; some units evidently underwent a low-temperature part of coesite eclogite fades metamorphism. Prograde and retrograde paths were recognized in an Atbashy eclogite; five stages of metamorphic reaction were observed in the Atbashy sample. The prograde path from stage I to stage III has been recorded in garnet and omphacite in which quartz pseudomorphs after coesite are included. The peak metamorphism of stage III took place at about 660°C at 25 kbar. The stages IV and V are retrograde. UHP eclogite facies metamorphism took place twice in Kyrghyzstan. The Aktyuz and Atbashy eclogites gave Rb-Sr mineral-isochron ages of about 750 Ma and 270 Ma, respectively. The K-Ar age of paragonite from the Makbal eclogite is about 480 Ma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1738.1995.tb00150.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biased T cell receptor V gene usage in tissues with periodontal disease (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 31 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: In an attempt to characterize TCR V gene usage in human periodontally diseased tissue. Vα2, Vβ5.2–3, Vβ5.3, Vβ5.1, Vβ6.7, Vβ8 and Vβ12.1 expressions were examined. Serial cryostat sections obtained from 20 periodontitis and 9 gingivitis biopsies were then reacted with monoclonal antibodies directed to each repertoire. The technique was combined with a sensitive alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase method. Peripheral blood was obtained from 10 periodontitis and 2 gingivitis patients. TCR repertoire was also quantified by flow cytofluorography with FITC-conjugated antibodies. Cells displaying binding of each antibody were counted. The proportions to CD3-positive cells were then calculated. The pattern of each TCR V gene product expression in inflamed gingiva exhibited individual variation, nevertheless, a consistent pattern emerged. The Vβ5 subfamily and Vβ6.7 were frequently used repertoires in gingiva, whereas the Vα2 and Vβ8 subfamily were underexpressed in most cases. Furthermore, the TCR V gene product expression in gingival tissue was biased compared with autologous peripheral blood. Three of 10 periodontitis subjects showed 1 or 2 strikingly overrepresented repertoire comparatively with autologous blood. In these 3 subjects Vβ6.7 was overexpressed in two cases and 5.2–3, Vβ8 and Vβ12.1 were overexpressed in one case. These results suggest that gingival T-cells are not randomly mobilized from peripheral blood and that local events influence the TCR repertoire at the level of T-cell recruitment or T-cell expansion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1996.tb00457.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gastric adenoma — carcinoma sequence with special reference to p53 and Ki-ras gene alterations (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 427 (1995), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): p53 ; Ki-ras ; Gastric carcinoma ; Immunohistochemistry ; Polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformational polymorphism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract With the aim of detecting the timing of p53 and Ki-ras gene alterations in the gastric adenoma-carcinoma sequence, 19 early gastric adenocarcinomas arising from adenomas were studied. Immunohistochemically, 5 adenocarcinomas were positive for p53; 3 focally and 2 diffusely. The p53 point mutations were detected in a focal area with p53 immunoreactivity in 2 of the 5 p53-positive adenocarcinomas. This indicated that p53 point mutations may play a less crucial part in malignant conversion of adenoma to adenocarcinoma in the stomach than in the colon. No Ki-ras gene mutations at codons 12 and 13 were detected in any lesion. These results suggest that the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in the stomach has a different mechanism from that in the colon.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196515
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Partial-thickness tears of the rotator cuff (1996)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 20 (1996), S. 257-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary. This review is based on 66 patients with partial-thickness tears of the rotator cuff, verified at operation. Their average age was 54 years, and all had symptoms of subacromial impingement. The duration of shoulder pain was for between 2 and 108 months (mean 11.4 months). Ultrasonography, arthrography and bursography were helpful in establishing the diagnosis. On exploration, tears were found in the supraspinatus tendon, with 9 extending into the infraspinatus. After anterior acromioplasty, excision of the diseased portion and tenorrhaphy were undertaken. Satisfactory results were obtained in 62 patients (94%) with an average follow-up of 32 months. Spontaneous repair at the torn site was never seen. In addition to Neer’s staging of impingement, we propose a new classification based on the integrity of the cuff tendon. We conclude that a partial-thickness cuff tear is an important cause of shoulder disability, which deserves much more clinical attention; misdiagnosis is common and leads to mismanagement. When conservative treatment fails, accurate diagnosis and proper surgical repair are essential.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050075
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measurement and Validity of the Ventilatory Threshold in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 17 (1996), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Lactate threshold — Ventilatory threshold — Treadmill — Congenital heart disease — Exercise tolerance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to measure oxygen uptake (VO2) at the ventilatory threshold (VT) in patients with congenital heart disease using a progressive exercise protocol on a treadmill and to evaluate the validity and feasibility of this procedure. Eight control subjects and seventeen patients performed a maximal exercise test with breath-by-breath measurement of ventilation and gas exchange variables. VT(VE) was determined by the change in the ventilatory equivalent for VO2 and carbon dioxide output, VT(V-sl) by the V-slope method, and the lactate threshold (LT) by the change in blood lactate concentration; these parameters were determined in 100%, 88%, and 96% of subjects, respectively. The interobserver error among three evaluators was not significant, and LT was correlated with each VT (r= 0.97, 0.92; p= 0.0001) and with peak VO2 (r= 0.91; p= 0.0001). The VTs were correlated with each other when expressed as milliliter per minute and milliliters per kilogram per minute. It was concluded that a progressive exercise protocol on a treadmill was a feasible procedure for determining the VTs in most individuals and that VTs were valid, useful parameters for evaluating submaximal exercise tolerance in patients with congenital heart disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002469900002
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Morphologic Analysis of Common Atrioventricular Valves in Patients with Right Atrial Isomerism (1997)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 18 (1997), S. 107 -111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Common atrioventricular value — Right atrial isomerism
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. The objective of the study was to examine the relation between the morphology of the common atrioventricular valve and regurgitation of the valve in patients with right atrial isomerism. We examined seven consecutive patients with documented right atrial isomerism who subsequently underwent postmortem examination during a 10-year period. The degree of regurgitation and the diameters of the common valve were evaluated via cineangiography, and the site of regurgitation was evaluated by echocardiography. The morphology of the common atrioventricular valve was assessed further at autopsy. Cineangiography revealed valve diameters ranging from 14.8 to 27.8 mm (mean 20.9 mm). Valvar regurgitation was revealed within 2 months of birth in all patients. Regurgitation abruptly worsened in three patients after placement of a Blalock–Taussig shunt or a central shunt and postintubation. Autopsies revealed that the common atrioventricular valve consisted of four leaflets in five patients, and three leaflets in two. The anterior leaflets were large and protruding in all patients, and the lateral leaflets were thickened in six. All patients had a mass consisting of the left lateral leaflets and chordae with direct attachment of the chordae to the ventricular muscle (the right lateral leaflet was attached to the ventricular muscle and immobile in one patient). The lateral leaflets clung to the ventricular wall and exhibited poor movement in six patients. Leaflets with poor mobility corresponded to the regurgitant valvar site as assessed by echocardiography in six patients; and the regurgitation in three patients with acute deterioration occurred at the valvar side with poor mobility. It is concluded that the common atrioventricular valve in patients with right atrial isomerism has morphologic characteristics that may be associated with valvar regurgitation and malignant potential for abrupt deterioration after replacement of systemic–pulmonary shunting.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002469900126
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Longitudinal Observations of Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Dimension in Children Using Echocardiography (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 17 (1996), S. 169-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Echocardiogram — Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension — Longitudinal development — Sex difference
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Previous studies have evaluated left ventricular dimensions in children using two-dimensional echocardiography, but there is little information on gender differences and on the longitudinal development of the dimensions of the left ventricle. Our objective was to assess, by two-dimensional echocardiography, the normal size of the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) in children, its differences by sex, and the rate of its development using height, weight, and body surface area as indices. The study group consisted of 437 patients (264 males, 173 females) with a history of Kawasaki disease but with no coronary artery lesions, as determined by repeated echocardiographic and other examinations. A total of 1595 examinations were done over an average of 6.7 years. The increase in LVDd was significantly more rapid in (1) children below 2 years of age than in older children of either sex and (2) in males who were 11 and 12 years old than in males who were 10 years old. Significant gender differences were observed in the increase in LVDd by all indices (p 〈 0.001).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002469900036
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