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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect on insulin sensitivity of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors with or without a sulphydryl group: Bradykinin may improve insulin resistance in dogs and humans (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 300-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; hypertension ; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ; sulphydryl group ; insulin sensitivity ; bradykinin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study compared the effect on insulin sensitivity of ACE inhibitors with a sulphydryl group (captopril) or those without a sulphydryl group (delapril and enalapril) during the hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp test in both animal and clinical experiments. A possible contribution of bradykinin to the improvement of insulin sensitivity by ACE-inhibition was also studied. In healthy control and depancreatized dog experiments, administration of captopril either intravenously (3.0 mmol · kg−1) or orally (5.0 mmol · kg−1) increased insulin sensitivity indices and plasma bradykinin concentrations. In comparison, intravenous administration of an active metabolite of delapril (3.0 mmol · kg−1) and oral administration of either delapril or enalapril (5.0 mmol · kg−1) showed slight, but not significant increases in insulin sensitivity indices and plasma bradykinin concentrations. Infusion of a bradykinin antagonist (N-α-adamantaneacetyl-d-Arg-[Hyp3, Thi5,8,d-Phe7]-bradykinin) (0.5 nmol · kg−1 · min−1) abolished the effect of captopril on insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, intravenous administration of bradykinin (0.1 nmol · kg−1 · min−1) increased insulin sensitivity indices. In clinical experiments, insulin sensitivity indices decreased in the following order: normotensive healthy subjects, hypertensive non-diabetic patients, normotensive NIDDM patients and hypertensive NIDDM patients. In these four groups, oral administration of captopril (2.0 mmol · kg−1) significantly increased insulin sensitivity indices, and a concomitant increase in plasma bradykinin concentrations was observed. By contrast, oral administration of enalapril or delapril showed slight, but not significant effects on insulin sensitivity indices and plasma bradykinin concentrations. From these studies, it is concluded that ACE inhibitors with a sulphydryl group have more potent action on the improvement in insulin sensitivity than those without a sulphydryl group. Bradykinin may also possibly be involved in the mechanism underlying the improvement in insulin sensitivity associated with ACE-inhibition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398058
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect on insulin sensitivity of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors with or without a sulphydryl group: bradykinin may improve insulin resistance in dogs and humans (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 300-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, sulphydryl group, insulin sensitivity, bradykinin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study compared the effect on insulin sensitivity of ACE inhibitors with a sulphydryl group (captopril) or those without a sulphydryl group (delapril and enalapril) during the hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp test in both animal and clinical experiments. A possible contribution of bradykinin to the improvement of insulin sensitivity by ACE-inhibition was also studied. In healthy control and depancreatized dog experiments, administration of captopril either intravenously (3.0 mmol·kg−1) or orally (5.0 mmol· kg−1) increased insulin sensitivity indices and plasma bradykinin concentrations. In comparison, intravenous administration of an active metabolite of delapril (3.0 mmol·kg−1) and oral administration of either delapril or enalapril (5.0 mmol·kg−1) showed slight, but not significant increases in insulin sensitivity indices and plasma bradykinin concentrations. Infusion of a bradykinin antagonist (N-α-adamantaneacetyl-D- Arg-[Hyp3,Thi5,8,D-Phe7]-bradykinin) (0.5 nmol·kg−1·min−1) abolished the effect of captopril on insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, intravenous administration of bradykinin (0.1 nmol·kg−1·min−1) increased insulin sensitivity indices. In clinical experiments, insulin sensitivity indices decreased in the following order: normotensive healthy subjects, hypertensive non-diabetic patients, normotensive NIDDM patients and hypertensive NIDDM patients. In these four groups, oral administration of captopril (2.0 mmol·kg−1) significantly increased insulin sensitivity indices, and a concomitant increase in plasma bradykinin concentrations was observed. By contrast, oral administration of enalapril or delapril showed slight, but not significant effects on insulin sensitivity indices and plasma bradykinin concentrations. From these studies, it is concluded that ACE inhibitors with a sulphydryl group have more potent action on the improvement in insulin sensitivity than those without a sulphydryl group. Bradykinin may also possibly be involved in the mechanism underlying the improvement in insulin sensitivity associated with ACE-inhibition. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 300–307]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398058
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin of enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli by the radial immune hemolysis test: a modification for clinical use (1982)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 171 (1982), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An adaptation for clinical purposes of a radial immune hemolysis test for the detection of the heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is described. The results correlated well with those from Vero cell assay and the passive immune hemolysis test. Because the test is easy, relatively cheap, and as sensitive as other standard procedures, for LT detection, it is particularly suitable for less-equipped laboratories. Also, a large number ofE. coli strains may be examined daily by this technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02123625
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entropy increase of amino acid sequence in protein (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 4 (1974), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Molecular Evolution ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Entropy of Protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Transition probability matrices of amino acid substitution are calculated for hemoglobin, cytochrome c, fibrinopeptide, immunoglobulin and lysozyme, and for protein as a whole. When these matrices operate on the column vectors which represent the contemporary amino acid frequencies of the corresponding proteins, amino acid compositions change so as to increase their entropy. The entropy increase of amino acid sequences in proteins need not be interpreted as a random process. If we assume instead a selective process favoring randomness in protein, the biased nature of the genetic code can contribute to non-randomness in the DNA sequence. The entropy increase of protein as a whole is interpreted as a diversification of protein, and is reflected in DNA base sequence of higher organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732022
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel truncated isoform of the mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (MASP) from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 193-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words MASP ; Lectin pathway ; Complement ; Truncated form ; Alternative polyadenylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) play crucial roles in activation of the lectin pathway of the complement system. Mammals and Xenopus possess two distinct MASPs, MASP1 and MASP2, with different substrate specificity. Recently, a truncated form named MAp19 or sMAP, composed of N-terminal C1r/C1s/Uegf/bone morphogenetic protein (CUB)-1 and epidermal growth factor domains of MASP2, has been shown to be generated by alternative polyadenylation and splicing from the MASP2 gene. In the present study, we isolated cDNA encoding a novel MASP-related protein, designated MRP, from carp. MRP is distinct from MAp19/sMAP in containing two additional domains, CUB-2 and short concensus repeat (SCR)-1, followed by a unique C-terminal 21 amino acids, but resembles it by also lacking the serine protease domain, suggesting that carp MRP is a functional homologue of human MAp19/sMAP. Analyses of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified carp genomic DNA, from CUB-2 to SCR-2 of MASP, indicated that carp possess duplicated MASP genes, designated MASP-A and MASP-B, both of which contain an exon encoding the MRP-specific C-terminal stretch between the exons coding for SCR-1 and SCR-2 domains. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that both MASP genes of carp produce the two MASP isoforms, MASP and MRP, through alternative polyadenylation and splicing. The conservation of MASP isoforms that lack the catalytic domain in both carp and human implies that they meet an essential requirement in the MBL-MASP complex of the lectin pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050031
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TEM Studies on the Microstructure in Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 47-50 (June 2008), p. 515-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The magnetic domain structures of the cubic parent phase (high-temperature phase) inferromagnetic shape memory alloys (SMAs) have been studied by electron holography. In aNi51Fe22Ga17 alloy, the magnetic flux distribution in the parent phase changes dramatically beforethe onset of martensitic transformation. In contrast, a Ni45Co5Mn36.7In13.3 alloy—a recentlydeveloped ferromagnetic SMA—does not show appreciable changes in the magnetic domainstructure upon cooling. The anomaly observed in the Ni51Fe22Ga17 alloy appears to be due tolattice distortions, which become more pronounced as the temperature approaches the martensitictransformation start temperature, Ms
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/40/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.47-50.515.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the growth rate and cavernous sinus invasion of pituitary adenomas (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 136 (1995), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Pituitary adenomas ; cavernous sinus invasion ; growth rate ; MIB1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pituitary adenomas generally are regarded as benign tumours, but a part of them can invade the cavernous sinus and recur. We examined 43 pituitary adenomas for the following factors: tumour volume, endocrinological function, cavernous sinus invasion, and growth rates examined by using anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and MIB1 (a novel anti-Ki-67) as markers. There was significant correlation between PCNA- and MIB1-positive cell rates and PCNA- and MIB1-positive cell rates were higher in the three cases with rapid regrowth than in the other cases. Staining was stronger and more distinct for MIB1 than for anti-PCNA; thus, MIB1-positive cells were easily distinguished by their intense immunoreactivity. MIB1 may be useful for detecting those rare cases with rapid regrowth even when initially regarded as benign tumours. Adenomas with cavernous sinus invasion were significantly larger than those demonstrating no invasion. However, no significant difference was found in the frequency of PCNA- or MIB1-positive cells between adenomas with and without cavernous sinus invasion. These findings suggest that cavernous sinus invasion and growth rate are independent biological factors. Therefore, cavernous sinus invasion may be due to chemical factors produced by the tumour itself rather than as a result of rapid tumour growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411433
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type IV collagenase activity and cavernous sinus invasion in human pituitary adenomas (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 390-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cavernous sinus invasion ; pituitary adenomas ; type IV collagenase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pituitary adenomas are regarded generally as benign tumours, but some of them can invade the cavernous sinus. On the other hand, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which is a type IV collagenase, recently has been found to be expressed in matastases and to be related to the invasiveness of various malignant tumours including brain tumours. In order to investigate some characteristic features of pituitary adenomas which invade the cavernous sinus, we examined immunohistological studies for MMP-9 in seven pituitary adenomas for type IV collagen in a dura mater and assayed for type IV collagenase activity in seven adenomas using type IV collagen labelled with fluorescein isothiocyaniate (FITC). We found immunopositive adenoma cells for MMP-9 in all invasive adenoma and immunopositive spindle like cells for type IV collagen in the dura mater. All three invasive adenomas had high levels of type IV collagenase activity (0.57–0.72 U/ml), but the four adenomas which did not invade the cavernous sinus had low levels of type IV collagenase activity (0.0–0.10 U/ml). These results suggest that the level of type IV collagenase activity in a pituitary adenoma may be related to its ability to invade the cavernous sinus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01420300
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of ground state chlorine atoms with fluorinated methanes and ethanes (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 82 (1985), S. 65-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of photochemically generated Cl(2PJ) atoms with a number of fluorohydrocarbons have been investigated in the temperature range 8–95 °C by the competitive photochlorination technique using CH4 as a primary standard. Relative and absolute rate parameters are reported for CH3F, CH2F2, CH3CH2F, CH2FCH2F, CH3CHF2, CH3CF3, CH2FCHF2, CHF2CHF2, and several auxiliary reactions including CH3Cl, C2H6, and C3H8. The internal competition for hydrogen abstraction in asymmetric fluorethanes is examined in detail. The reactivity trends are discussed and it is found that the activation energies in the fluoromethane series correlate with the known C–H bond dissociation energies. The hydrogen reactivity in the fluoroethane series for which a sufficient data base of DH°(C–H) values is not available is best rationalized in terms of inductive effects and resonance interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.448737
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning of cDNAs for human fibroblast nucleotide pyrophosphatase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 295 (1992), S. 180-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(92)90504-P
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