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  • Calcitonin gene-related peptide  (3)
  • Alzheimer's disease  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 10 (1989), S. 1007-1011 
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Airway ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Cilia ; Cyclic AMP ; Epithelium ; Ion transport ; Mucociliary clearance
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Nucleus gracilis ; Axonal dystrophy ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Substance P ; Immunoelectron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP)-immunoreactive (IR) axons in the nucleus gracilis of normal rats (1–15 months of age) were studied by light and electron microscopy. Besides many CGRP-IR and SP-IR varicosities with normal appearance, we found a few swollen (nearly round or oval) varicosities with either CGRP or SP immunoreactivity. Swollen CGRP-IR varicosities were more frequently seen than SP-IR ones, appearing from 3 months of age and increasing in number and size (up to approximately 25 μm in diameter) with advancing age. At the electron microscopic (EM) level, CGRP-IR and SP-IR swollen varicosities showed dystrophic changes, i.e., many membranous dense bodies, and proliferation of microtubules and neurofilaments. CGRP-IR or SP-IR dystrophic axons also contained many mitochondria and sometimes made synaptic contacts with nonreactive dendrites (occasionally with non-IR axons). These findings suggest that the dystrophic CGRP and SP axonal profiles represent a functionally distinct subpopulation of axonal dystrophy in the nucleus gracilis and use CGRP or SP as a neuroactive substance. Using a double-immunostaining method, many of normal CGRP-IR axons were identified to be SP-IR. However, no single dystrophic varicosity was found to contain both CGRP and SP immunoreactivities. These findings suggest that CGRP and SP afferents are independently affected and progress to dystrophic changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Nucleus gracilis ; Axonal dystrophy ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Substance P ; Immunoelectron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP)-immunoreactive (IR) axons in the nucleus gracilis of normal rats (1–15 months of age) were studied by light and electron microscopy. Besides many CGRP-IR and SP-IR varicosities with normal appearance, we found a few swollen (nearly round or oval) varicosities with either CGRP or SP immunoreactivity. Swollen CGRP-IR varicosities were more frequently seen than SP-IR ones, appearing from 3 months of age and increasing in number and size (up to approximately 25 μm in diameter) with advancing age. At the electron microscopic (EM) level, CGRP-IR and SP-IR swollen varicosities showed dystrophic changes, i.e., many membranous dense bodies, and proliferation of microtubules and neurofilaments. CGRP-IR or SP-IR dystrophic axons also contained many mitochondria and sometimes made synaptic contacts with nonreactive dendrites (occasionally with non-IR axons). These findings suggest that the dystrophic CGRP and SP axonal profiles represent a functionally distinct subpopulation of axonal dystrophy in the nucleus gracilis and use CGRP or SP as a neuroactive substance. Using a double-immunostaining method, many of normal CGRP-IR axons were identified to be SP-IR. However, no single dystrophic varicosity was found to contain both CGRP and SP immunoreactivities. These findings suggest that CGRP and SP afferents are independently affected and progress to dystrophic changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 229 (1983), S. 69-77 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Cerebral atrophy ; Alzheimer's disease ; Dementia ; Computed tomography (CT) ; Measurement method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Studie beruht auf vergleichende CT-Verlaufsuntersuchungen über die Entwicklung hirnatrophischer Vorgänge bei 18 Patienten mit klinisch diagnostizierter Alzheimerscher Krankheit und einer Kontrollgruppe von 14 altersentsprechenden Gesunden. Mit computerisierter planimetrischer Methode in 3 Ebenen wurden der Subarachnoidal-Volumen-Index (SVI) und der Ventrikel-Volumen-Index (VVI) als Parameter für das Ausmaß der korticalen Atrophien bzw. der ventrikulären Dilatationen errechnet. Aus den Ergebnissen lassen sich folgende Schlüsse ziehen: 1. Die cerebrale Atrophie beim Alzheimer-Patienten könnte eher vom Krankheitsprozeß abhängig sein als von physiologischen Altersvorgängen des Gehirnes. 2. Der Grad der Atrophien nimmt mit fortschreitenden klinischen Stadien zu. Dabei sind die korticalen Atrophien bereits in frühen Stadien erkennbar, während die Ventrikelerweiterungen erst in späteren erscheinen. 3. CT könnte einer der nützlichsten klinischen Tests für die Diagnostik der Alzheimerschen Krankheit sein.
    Notes: Summary Computed tomography (CT) was used to study cerebral atrophy in 18 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease of presenile type and in 14 healthy age-matched subjects as controls. Using the computerized planimetric method, Subarachnoid Space Volume Index and Ventricle Volume Index were calculated as the measure of cortical atrophy and ventricular dilatation respectively. From the results the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The cerebral atrophy in Alzheimer patients could be attributable to the disease processes rather than to physiological aging of the brain. 2. The degree of atrophy increases in parallel with the progress of the clinical stage, and the cortical atrophy is already apparent at an early stage, whereas the ventricular dilatation becomes pronounced at later stages. 3. CT could be one of the most useful clinical tests available for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease ; Computed tomography ; Cerebral atrophy ; Parenchymal density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seventeen patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and 13 healthy age-matched controls were studied by means of computed tomography (CT). To assess cerebral atrophy, regional volumetric measurements and parenchymal density measurements were performed. The results indicate that: (1) Alzheimer patients show diffuse cerebral atrophy in the early stage; (2) the evaluation of lobar atrophy by means of CT is useful for the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease; (3) the evaluation of parenchymal density by means of CT is not as sensitive as the evaluation of lobar atrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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