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  • Homoptera  (2)
  • Abies grandis  (1)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1)
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Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 2713-2722 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Monoterpenes ; Abies grandis ; Picea pungens ; steam distillation ; extraction ; secondary chemicals ; grand fir ; blue spruce ; coefficient of variation ; MANOVA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Five extraction techniques were used to obtain quantitative measurements of monoterpenes from blue spruce and grand fir needles. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference in the amount of each monoterpene extracted by using different techniques. For both species, an 8-hr steam distillation of 10 g of material yielded the greatest amount of each monoterpene. This technique was also the most reproducible in that the coefficients of variation were lowest. A rapid steam distillation was relatively effective for grand fir, but not for blue spruce. A CO2 extraction was unreliable for both species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Damson-hop aphid ; Phorodon humuli ; Homoptera ; Aphididae ; methyl salicylate ; (E)-2-hexenal ; β-caryophyllene ; semiochemicals ; aggregation ; attractant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral studies using an olfactometer demonstrated that spring migrants of the damson-hop aphid,Phorodon humuli, respond to semiochemicals released by spring migrants feeding on hop leaves. Samples of the total volatiles released on feeding were analyzed by coupled gas chromatographysingle cell recording techniques and showed the presence of several active components. Three compounds were identified, using coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, as methyl salicylate, (E)-2-hexenal andβ-caryophyllene. These three compounds elicited responses from separate olfactory receptors on the antenna. In the olfactometer, both (E)-2-hexenal andβ-caryophyllene gave positive responses from spring migrants, and a mixture of the two compounds in the natural ratio was more attractive than (E)-2-hexenal alone. Addition of methyl salicylate eliminated the response to the active binary mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Pheromone ; sex ; attractant ; aphid ; Phorodon humuli ; Homoptera ; Aphididae ; nepetalactol ; monoterpenoid ; electrophysiology ; single cell recording ; mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral studies using an olfactometer demonstrated that sexual females (oviparae) of the damson-hop aphid,Phorodon humuli, release a pheromone to which males respond. Volatiles produced by the oviparae were analyzed by coupled gas chromatography-single cell recording from the secondary rhinaria on the male antenna and showed the presence of one peak with major activity. Coupled gas chrornatography-mass spectrometry suggested a nepetalactol, which was shown to have the 4aR, 7S, 7aS stereochemistry by synthesis from the corresponding nepetalactone isolated from the labiate plantNepeta mussinii. Although the stereochemistry at carbon-1 is not yet established, a synthetic sample comprising ca. 70% 1S and 30% 1R attracted highly significant numbers of males to water traps placed within and adjacent to a hop garden. Initial studies also indicated attraction of males in both the olfactometer and in the field by volatiles from the primary host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 22 (1991), S. 771-775 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from citrate-coated colloidal particles suspended in organic solvents is used to study surface reactions in an organic phase. Stable colloids which gave good SERS were produced from ethanol and acetonitrile. SERS was easily discriminated from the bulk solvent Raman scattering. Compounds which are sparingly soluble in water including 2,2′-bipyridine and benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride produced good SERS in ethanol. In the latter case, no SERS was observed from an aqueous colloid. Therefore, some form of solvent-dependent molecular recognition may operate. The formation of a bipyridine complex with copper(II) at the surface in a solvent system in which the ligand and complex are both soluble was observed. The solvent altered surface reactions. In the ethanol colloid, in contrast to the result in aqueous colloid, pyridine does not replace citrate readily. This work demonstrates the potential for the expansion of the use of colloidal SERS into the field of surface reactions in contact with an organic phase and is related to metal liquid-like films.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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