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  • Nodulation  (2)
  • Anterior disk displacement  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Mutant (Rhizobium) ; Nodulation ; Capsule (bacterial) ; Lectin ; Polysaccharide ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Spontaneous mutants with altered capsule synthesis were isolated from a marked strain of the symbiont,Rhizobium japonicum. Differential centrifugation was used to enrich serially for mutants incapable of forming capsules. The desired mutants were detected by altered colony morphology and altered ability to bind host plant lectin. Three mutants failed to form detectable capsules at any growth phase when cultured in vitro or in association with the host (soybean,Glycine max (L.) Merr.) roots. These mutants were all capable of nodulating and attaching to soybean roots, indicating that the presence of a capsule physically surrounding the bacterium is not required for attachment or for infection and nodulation. Nodulation by several of the mutants was linearly proportional to the amount of acidic exopolysaccharide that they released into the culture medium during the exponential growth phase, indicating that such polysaccharide synthesis is important and perhaps required for nodulation. Two of the mutants appeared to synthesize normal lectin-binding capsules when cultured in association with host roots, but not when cultured in vitro. Nodulation by these mutants appeared to depend on how rapidly after inoculation they synthesized capsular polysaccharide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter MRT ; Kiefergelenk ; Diskusverlagerung ; Morphometrie ; Key words MRI ; Temporomandibular joint ; Anterior disk displacement ; Metric analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In order to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes in correlation with different degrees of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint, we evaluated 117 joints of 59 symptomatic patients and 31 volunteers. Data analysis included morphologic and morphometric characteristics. Sixteen joints (19 %) were considered normal, 40 demonstrated anterior displacement with reduction (47 %) and 27 anterior displacement without reduction (32 %). In three of the volunteers anterior displacement with reduction was noted. Advancing anterior position of the disk was associated with reduced ability to open the mouth, progressive deformity and shortening of the disk, thinning of the bilaminar zone, regressive and proliferative bony changes of the condyle, reduced translatory movement of the disk and condyle, thinning of joint space, cranial and dorsal displacement of the condyle and flattening of the slope of the tuberculum. In addition to alterations in condylar and disk morphology, MRI can demonstrate various additional measurable changes that correlate well with the degree of anterior disk displacement.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Um den Einfluß der Diskusverlagerung im Kiefergelenk auf die Gelenkbinnenstrukturen zu untersuchen, wurden insgesamt 117 Gelenke von 59 symptomatischen Patienten und 31 asymptomatischen Probanden in der MRT untersucht und die Gelenkbinnenstrukturen sowohl morphologisch wie morphometrisch beurteilt. Im Patientengut lag 16mal eine normale Diskusposition (NDP) (19 %), 40mal eine Vorverlagerung mit Reposition (VMR) (47 %) und 27mal eine Vorverlagerung ohne Reposition (VOR) (32 %) vor. Unter den Normalpersonen zeigten 3 eine VMR. Mit zunehmender Diskusvorverlagerung zeigte sich eine kleiner werdende maximale Mundöffnung, ein zunehmend deformierter und verkürzter Diskus, eine Ausdünnung der bilaminären Zone, eine Abnahme des Durchmessers und zunehmende Entrundung des Processus condylaris, eine verminderte translatorische Diskus- und Kondylusbeweglichkeit, eine Verschmälerung der Gelenkspaltweite, eine Verlagerung des Processus condylaris in geschlossener Mundposition nach kranial und dorsal und eine Abflachung des Kondylenbahnwinkels. Neben der Morphologie des Diskus und Kondylus bzw. deren Morphologie lassen sich damit eine ganze Reihe weiterer magnetresonanztomographisch quantifizierbarer Befunde im Rahmen von Verlagerungen des Diskus im Temporomandibulargelenk darstellen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 115 (1983), S. 122-128 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Inoculation ; Nodulation ; Rhizobium japonicum ; Soybean ; Symbiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A method has been developed to inoculate soybean roots in the zone of susceptible root cells with nanoliter droplets containing the symbiont,Rhizobium japonicum. The position of inoculation is marked by means of ion exchange beads which adhere to the root surface. InoculatedR. japonicum cells from a nanoliter droplet spread over an area of approximately 35 host epidermal cells and have a high probability (∼ 80%) of inducing nodule formation at exactly the point of inoculation. The spot inoculation method is highly efficient in terms of the number of bacteria required to achieve a given probability of nodule formation. The method greatly facilitates ultrastructural analysis of the infection process and is useful for certain physiological studies of infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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