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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 409-410 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words     Children ; Diabetes ; Insulin ; Jet injection ; Pain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract      The aim of this study was to investigate whether insulin application by jet injector is less painful than by needle. Pain was scored by 41 diabetic and seven healthy volunteers after injections with both methods. Injections by jet were no less painful than those by needle but produced several local side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 409-410 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Children ; Diabetes Insulin ; Jet injection ; Pain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether insulin application by jet injector is less painful than by needle. Pain was scored by 41 diabetic and seven healthy volunteers after injections with both methods. Injections by jet were no less painful than those by needle but produced several local side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 157 (1998), S. 802-805 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; Cognitive function ; Attention ; Blood glucose level ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We compared the results of a computerized attention test (TOVA) in 38 children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in relation to various spontaneously occurring blood glucose levels. Testing was performed at the following blood glucose levels: 〈3.3 mmol/l (hypoglycaemia), 3.3–8.3 mmol/l (normoglycaemia) and 〉8.3 mmol/l (hyperglycaemia) . The attention (sum of errors and response time) varied significantly with the blood glucose level (P=0.002). The highest number of errors of omission and the longest response time was observed during the test run with hypoglycaemia. Age, sex, age at manifestation of the disease, metabolic control and the results of the intelligence test had no significant influence on these results. We found that attention in children with diabetes was significantly reduced compared to TOVA norms especially during mild hypoglycaemia (P〈0.001). Irrespective of the blood glucose levels, reaction time and the variability of the reaction time differed significantly between TOVA norms and diabetic children (P〈0.01). Conclusion In children with diabetes mellitus a significant reduction in attention was found at mild hypoglycaemia but as well at low normal blood glucose levels. Attention deficits due to transient lowering of blood glucose may therefore occur in diabetic children even before they are aware of hypoglycaemic symptoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Pharynx ; Anatomie ; MRT ; CT ; Videokinematographie ; Key words Pharynx ; Anatomy ; MR ; CT ; Videocinematography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Background. The pharynx, being part of the digestive as well as the respiratory system, is embedded in the complex spatial anatomy of the neck and, due to its function and location, represents a very sophisticated region. Diagnosis. Cross-sectional imaging with CT and MR imaging plays an indispensable complementary role to clinical work-up, as far as submucosal and deep cervical spaces are concerned. However, as dysphagia is a common symptom in clinical practice, interpretation of double contrast studies and videofluoroscopic investigations are also on frequent demand in the daily routine. Conclusion. Close interdisciplinary co-operation and the radiologist's familiarity with the anatomy of the region are required in order to use the diagnostic tools in an optimal fashion.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund. Der Pharynx repräsentiert, durch seine Funktion als Luft- und Speiseweg einerseits sowie durch seine Topographie in der komplexen Zervikalregion andererseits, ein äußerst differenziertes Organsystem. Bildgebungsverfahren. Neben den, in den letzten Jahren und Jahrzehnten einer rasanten Entwicklung unterworfenen, und in der Kopf-Hals-Radiologie unerlässlichen Schnittbildverfahren, spielen, gerade bei der Bildgebung des Pharynx, konventionelle Röntgenverfahren, welche eine dynamische Beurteilung der Funktion erlauben, weiterhin eine wichtige Rolle in der Diagnostik. Die Methoden der Bildgebung stellen somit heute, ergänzend zur klinischen Untersuchung, unumstritten das 2. Standbein in der Abklärung von Pathologien am Pharynx dar. Resümee. Dieses Zusammenwirken bietet dem Radiologen, entsprechend der Fragestellung nach funktionellen oder strukturellen Pathologien, ein vielfältiges Betätigungsfeld, erfordert gleichzeitig aber das grundlegende Verständnis der normalen Anatomie und Physiologie sowie die Kenntnis der spezifischen Vor- und Nachteile der zur Verfügung stehenden bildgebenden Verfahren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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