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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (16)
  • Air Flow  (1)
  • CD69  (1)
  • CSF-immunoglobulins  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 51 (1973), S. 806-809 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Schlagwort(e): CSF-immunoglobulins ; CSF-electrophoresis ; brain barrier ; Liquorimmunglobuline ; Liquorelektrophorese ; Blutliquorschranke
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Immunglobuline G, A und M wurden im Liquor bei 281 Patienten bestimmt. Eine Einteilung des Krankengutes in Fälle mit entzündlichen und nichtentzündlichen Erkrankungen des ZNS erfolgte. Veränderungen der Immunglobuline in verschiedenen Bereichen des Liquorgesamteiweißes wurden verglichen. Bei höheren Gesamteiweißwerten ergab sich eine Vermehrung der Immunglobuline bei nichtentzündlichen Erkrankungen. Ein Zusammenhang dieses Befundes mit Störungen der Blutliquorschranke war anzunehmen im Gegensatz zu Veränderungen der Immunglobuline bei entzündlichen Erkrankungen des ZNS.
    Notizen: Summary The immunoglobulins G, A and M in the cerebrospinal fluid were examined in 281 patients. Two groups were studied, namely cases of neurological inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. The changes in the immunoglobulins are compared as regards total protein. It could be shown that by higher levels of total protein the immunoglobulins by non-inflammatory diseases were pathologically changed. This result was discussed in relation to the defects of the brain barrier in contrast to inflammatory changes in the immunoglobulins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Schlagwort(e): Key words HIV-1 ; T-cells ; CD69 ; Activation ; Children
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We evaluated the use of a whole-blood assay that measures spontaneous and activation-induced CD69 expression on peripheral blood T-cells in vitro for assessment of T-cell function in HIV-1-infected paediatric patients. Heparinized venous blood from 28 HIV-1 positive children and adolescents and 23 healthy controls was incubated for 4 h with or without 5 μg/ml phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). Thereafter, analysis of CD69 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells was done by flow cytometry; simultaneously we determined CD4+ T-cell counts and plasma HIV-1 viral load. Neither spontaneous nor PHA-induced CD69 expression differed significantly between HIV-1 positive patients and healthy controls. However, T-cells from HIV-1 positive patients with plasma HIV-1 viral load levels above 70 × 103 copies/ml showed a higher spontaneous CD69 expression than T-cells from patients with lower plasma viral load levels in different stages of the disease. Antiretroviral treatment in four patients reduced spontaneous CD69 expression in CD4+ T-cells and PHA-induced CD69 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells significantly after 8 weeks of therapy. Conclusion Spontaneous and activation-induced expression of the early (activation) antigen CD69 on peripheral blood T-cells does not distinguish HIV-1 positive patients from HIV-1 negative healthy controls and is not correlated with peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell counts. This test may not be a reliable marker for functional T-cell deficiency during early stages of HIV disease. Increased spontaneous as well as PHA-induced CD69 expression on T-cells from HIV-1-infected children and adolescents in vitro may rather reflect HIV-induced pre-activation of T-cells in vivo.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 31 (1993), S. 585-592 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Schlagwort(e): Air Flow ; Human ; Nasal cavity ; Nose ; Turbinate
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The nasal cavity is the main passage for air flow between the ambient atmosphere and the lungs. A preliminary requisite for any investigation of the mechanisms of each of its main physiological functions, such as filtration, air-conditioning and olfaction, is a basic knowledge of the air-flow pattern in this cavity. However, its complex three-dimensional structure and inaccessibility has traditionally prevented a detailed examination of internalin vivo orin vitro airflow patterns. To gain more insight into the flow pattern in inaccessible regions of the nasal cavity we have conducted a mathematical simulation of asymmetric airflow patterns through the nose. Development of a nose-like model, which resembles the complex structure of the nasal cavity, has allowed for a detailed analysis of various boundary conditions and structural parameters. The coronal and sagittal cross-sections of the cavity were modeled as trapezoids. The inferior and middle turbinates were represented by curved plates that emerge from the lateral walls. The airflow was considered to be incompressible, steady and laminar. Numerical computations show that the main air flux is along the cavity floor, while the turbinate structures direct the flow in an anterior-posterior direction. The presence of the turbinates and the trapezoidal shape of the cavity force more air flux towards the olfactory organs at the top of the cavity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 50 (1993), S. 2163-2171 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The skin-core morphology of injection-molded polypropylene bars has been investigated employing X-ray small-and wide-angle scattering. The small-angle scattering has been evaluated by means of interface distribution functions. It is found that skin and core exhibit different morphologies. In the skin, the crystal lamellae are oriented primarily around the c axis, but a (small) fraction of a*-axis-oriented lamellae also exists. The lamellar thickness in the skin layer measured from the meridional small-angle X-ray scattering shows higher values than in the core. The composition of the monoclinic α1, α2 crystal modifications show dependencies that are typical for the cooling conditions in the mold during injection. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 59 (1996), S. 1891-1896 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The crystallization behavior of an isotactic polypropylene/linear low-density polyethylene blend (PP/LLDPE) that is modified with styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS) has been investigated using differential thermoanalysis and polarization microscopy. SEBS, which enhances the impact resistance of the blend, has an effect on both the nucleation and crystallization kinetics of the polypropylene component. Nucleation half times, nucleation densities, and spherulite growth rates are influenced by the presence of the copolymer. It is found that SEBS, depending on its concentration in the blend, increases the adhesion between matrix and PE domains and acts simultaneously as the matrix reinforcer. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 74 (1978), S. 147-164 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The phase-structure of high impact polypropylene (HIPP) has been investigated using X-ray wide-angle and small-angle techniques. The results are compared with structural data obtained by measuring the correspondent homopolymers. The WAXS-curves show that the polyethylene and polypropylene building up the HIPP are built in separate crystals. The SAXS-curves make clear, that the PE- as well as PP-crystals stack together in separated superstructural regions. Theoretical calculations of the SAXS-curves employing the “stapel”-model yield structure parameters characterising the superstructures of both phases. The temperature dependence of the superstructure parameters of both phases shows clearly, that the crystals melt according to a model proposed by Kilian. A comparison of the superstructure data of the HIPP with those of the investigated homopolymers shows, that the phases of the HIPP are separated to an extent allowing both the PE and PP phase to crystallize undisturbed like in the homopolymer.
    Notizen: Die Phasenstruktur einer schlagzähen Polypropylenprobe (HIPP) wird mit Hilfe von Röntgenweit-und Kleinwinkelstreuung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden mit Strukturdaten verglichen, die an parallel untersuchten Polyethylen-und Polypropylen-Homopolymeren erhalten werden. Die Röntgenweitwinkelstreukurven zeigen, daß das Polyethylen und Polypropylen im HIPP in getrennte Kristalle eingebaut wird. Aus den Röntgenkleinwinkelstreukurven wird deutlich, daß sich die PE-und PP-Kristalle in getrennten Überstrukturbereichen zusammenlagern. Berechnungen der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreukurven mit dem Stapelmodell ergeben Strukturparameter, mit denen die Üerstrukturen der beiden Komponenten charakterisiert werden können. Die Temperaturabhängigkeiten der Überstrukturparameter zeigen, daß die Kristalle sowohl in der PF-wie auch in der PP-Komponente größensekutiv entsprechend einem Modell von Kilian aufschmelzen. Der Vergleich der Überstrukturdaten des HIPP mit denen der Homopolymeren zeigt, daß die beiden Komponenten des HIPP so weitgehend entmischt sind, daß sie wie im Homopolymeren kristallisieren können. Bei gleicher Vorbehandlung der Proben entstehen daher sowohl im HIPP als auch in den Homopolymeren nahezu identische Überstrukturen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 85-99 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Blends of isotactic poly(propylene) (iPP) and trans-polyoctenylene (TOR), prepared from solution, exhibit unexpected mechanical properties at specific mass fractions of TOR: While generally the elastic modulus E decreases continuously with increasing TOR content, it surpasses a maximum for mass fractions of TOR around 0,10. The reason for this behaviour is investigated. It turns out that the crystallinity as well as the crystal morphology (which is investigated by evaluating small-angle X-ray scattering by interface distribution functions) does not explain the mechanical behaviour. The order of the lamellar stacks (number of orientation-correlated crystals) proves to be well correlated with the course of the elastic modulus. This order is a consequence of the increasing dispersion of TOR at mass fractions between 0,075 and 0,20 creating interfaces and infecting subsequently the crystallization conditions in the sample.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 191-199 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The crystallization kinetics of thin films of isotactic poly(propylene) (iPP) and transpolyoctenylene rubber (TOR) was investigated by optical microscopy. Nucleation densities, Avrami exponents and spherulitic growth rates show specific dependencies on the concentration of TOR in the blend. From the results it is concluded, that at a mass fraction of TOR wTOR = 0,10 the TOR is more finely dispersed in the blend than for other compositions. Due to the subsequent formation of interfaces, the nucleation is found to be predominantly heterogeneous at wTOR = 0,10, while it is preferentially homogeneous at all other compositions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 130 (1985), S. 155-170 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Aus der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung an Legierungen von isotaktischem Polystyrol (iPS) und Poly(2,6-dimethylphenylenoxid) (PPO) wurden Strukturparameter durch Berechnung von Grenzflächenverteilungsfunktionen bestimmt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß eine Reihe von Parametern wie die mittlere Dicke von Lamellen und interlamellaren Abständen sowie die Langperiode trotz z. T. großer Unsicherheiten bei der Korrektur der experimentellen Streukurve mit großer Genauigkeit bestimmt werden können. Die aus Grenzflächenverteilungsfunktionen bestimmten Werte wurden mit Ergebnissen aus Modellstreukurvenberechnungen verglichen. Dabei stellte sich heraus, daß theoretische Berechnungen mit einem Modell, das zusätzlich zur kristallinen und amorphen Dichte die mittlere Dichte der Probe berücksichtigt, im wesentlichen dieselben Parameter liefern wie die aus den Grenzflächenverteilungsfunktionen bestimmten.
    Notizen: Morphological parameters of isotactic polystyrene (iPS) · poly(2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) (PPO) blends have been determined from measurements of the small angle X-ray scattering by calculating interface distribution functions. Applied to the compatible system iPS/PPO this method yields a number of reliable parameters such as the long period and mean thicknesses of crystal lamellae and interlamellar spacings. A comparison of the results obtained from the calculation of the interface distribution functions with those derived from model calculations show that theoretical calculations using the density model yield essentially the same results.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 120 (1984), S. 193-197 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Lattice parameters of the core-fibrils in annealed polypropylene/poly(1-butene) blends, crystallized from the oriented melt, have been measured.The unit-cell parameters for pure PP and PB-1 agree well with literature values, while in the blends a lattice expansion is measured: the lattice spacings of both components increase with decreasing concentration of the respective second component.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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