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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Septum pellucidum ; Entwicklungs- störungen ; Zerebrale Fehlbildungen ; Schizophrenie ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Key words Septum pellucidum ; Developmental disorder ; Cerebral malformations ; Schizophrenia ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Absence of the septum pellucidum is a rare developmental disorder of the human brain. Previous reports focused on the association with other cerebral anomalies. We present MRI scans showing an isolated absence of the septum pellucidum. The patient was suffering from a schizophrenic psychosis. Mental retardation or epileptic seizures, which are often found in more complex developmental brain disorders, were not observed. The septal area is part of the limbic system and aplasia of the septum pellucidum could indicate developmental anomalies of the limbic system. The concept of cerebral maldevelopment and the limbic system in schizophrenic psychosis is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die isolierte Aplasie des Septum pellucidum gehört zu den seltenen dysplastischen Fehlbildungen des Gehirns. Während in älteren Arbeiten das Fehlen des Septum pellucidum meistens im Zusammenhang mit weiteren zerebralen Fehlbildungen berichtet wird, so zeigen neuere Untersuchungen doch häufiger auch isolierte Aplasien ohne weitere Fehlbildungen des Gehirns. Dabei scheint ein breites Spektrum der Fehlbildungen von komplexen Hirnfehlbildungen bis hin zur einfachen Aplasie des Septum pellucidum zu reichen. Kasuistisch wird über die Aplasie des Septum pellucidum bei einem Patienten berichtet, welche kernspintomographisch im Rahmen der routinemäßig durchgeführten bildgebenden Diagnostik gefunden wurde. Klinisch wurde bei dem Patienten eine hebephrene Psychose diagnostiziert. In der Ätiologie der schizophrenen Psychosen werden dysontongenetische Mechanismen diskutiert, v.a. Migrationsstörungen in limbischen Strukturen. Eine erhöhte Inzidenz von Anomalien des Septum pellucidum, v.a. Septum-pellucidum-Zysten ist von mehreren Autoren bei schizophrenen Patienten berichtet worden. Die Bedeutung des Septum pellucidum und des Septum verum als Bestandteile des limbischen Systems werden erörtert und eine mögliche Relevanz für das Konzept der dysontogenetischen Ätiologie schizophrener Psychosen wird diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: White matter lesions ; Cerebrovascular disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Brain infarction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To establish data about prevalence, number and topography of “unspecific” white matter lesions as seen on MRI, the T2-weighted MRI scans of 83 patients with hyperintense focal white matter changes were reviewed. Patients with known inflammatory central nervous system disease were excluded. There was an approximately linear increase in prevalence and number of lesions with age. Prevalence ranged from 18% in the third decade to over 90% in those over 70 years. We found a close correlation with concomitant periventricular hyperintensity. However, rating of Virchow-Robin spaces did not correlate with the number of white matter lesions. Both hemispheres were involved nearly equally with a minimal non-significant right side preponderance. Lesions showed a strong predilection for the frontal and parietal paraventricular “watershed” areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: MRI ; Psychiatry ; white matter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract T2-weighted MRI scans of psychiatric patients with at least one white matter lesion (WML) were compared to 83 non-psychiatric controls with respect to WML number and distribution. MANOVA results in significant effects for sex, age and patient group with respect to WML number. In the psychiatric patients, infratentorial WML prevailed in organic psychoses. WML number was positively correlated with age with the exception of rith temporal lobe WML. Based on WML spatial distribution, four patient clusters were found. Clusters with widely distributed WML comprised older patients with late onset of illness; right frontal and temporal WML were associated with mania, euphoria and unstable mood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cardiac myxoma ; Stroke ; Cerebrovascular disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six of 12 patients with histologically verified left atrial myxoma showed CT and MRI evidence of ischemic lesions of varying size and location, predominantly in the left hemisphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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