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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for studying human immunodeficiency virus protein complexes (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 33 (1998), S. 28-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ; noncovalent complexes ; protease ; integrase ; nucleocapsid protein ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Mass spectrometry (MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) has shown utility for studying noncovalent protein complexes, as it offers advantages in sensitivity, speed, and mass accuracy. The stoichiometry of the binding partners can be easily deduced from the molecular weight measurement. In many examples of protein complexes, the gas phase-based measurement is consistent with the expected solution phase binding characteristics. This quality suggests the utility of ESI-MS for investigating solution phase molecular interactions. Complexes composed of proteins from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been studied using ESI-MS. Multiply charged protein dimers from HIV integrase catalytic core (F185K) and HIV protease have been observed. Furthermore, the ternary complex between HIV protease dimer and inhibitor pepstatin A was studied as a function of solution pH. Zinc binding to zinc finger-containing nucleocapsid protein (NCp7) and the NCp7-psi RNA 1:1 stoichiometry complex was also studied by ESI-MS. No protein-RNA complex was observed in the absence of zinc, consistent with the role of the zinc finger motifs for RNA binding. Proteins Suppl. 2:28-37, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Qualitätskontrolle von Rohren aus HDPEHerrn Dr.-Ing. Kurt Richard zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 12 (1981), S. 11-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Quality Control of HDPE Pipes.Trials are reported made with the aim of finding an correlation between creep rupture test results obtained with two different types of testing samples: Pipes under internal pressure and tensile rods cut out of these pipes in a longitudinal direction.
    Notes: Es wird über Versuche berichtet, eine Korrelation zwischen Ergebnissen aus Zeitstand-Innendruckversuchen an HDPE-Rohren und Zeitstandversuchen an Längszugstäben aus diesen Rohren zu finden.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19810120105
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß von Verfahrensparametern beim Fließpressen auf das Ermüdungsverhalten (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 25 (1994), S. 329-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Effect of Process Parameters in Extrusion on Fatigue BehaviourFatigue test specimens were produced by forward extrusion and subsequent heading from conventional steels, P/M steels and AlMg4.5Mn. The strain, die-opening angle, temperature and in some cases the lubricant were varied. For purpose of comparation in some cases also specimens were prepared by machining. S/N curves or cyclic deformation curves were determined mainly by stress-controlled tests.For all materials the time strength was increased by cold forming whereby the effect of strain was stronger than that of the die-opening angle. The time strength of steel is less increased by warm (semihot) forming than by cold forming. The fatigue strength, however, is not necessarily increased by cold or warm forming. After cold forming the P/M steels contrary to conventional steels revealed mainly quasielastic deformation until fracture. After warm forming, however, P/M steels, due to the decrease of porosity, behaved almost like conventional steels. For AlMg4.5Mn specimens prepared by forming - probably due to worse surface quality - revealed a lower fatigue strength than those prepared by machining. Here also a feasible effect of the choice of the lubricant was stated.
    Notes: Aus schemelzmetallurgischen und Sinterstählen sowie AlMg4,5Mn wurden durch Fließpressen und Anstauchen von Köpfen bauteilähnliche Schwingproben hergestellt. Dabei wurden Umformgrad, Schulteröffnungswinkel, Temperatur und z.T. der Schmierstoff variiert. Zu Vergleichszwecken wurden in Einzelfällen Schwingproben spannend hergestellt. Wöhlerkurven oder Wechselverformungskurven wurden zumeist in spannungskontrollierten Versuchen ermittelt. Für alle Werkstoffe wurde eine Erhöhung der Zeitfestigkeit durch eine Kaltumformung beobachtet. Der Einfluß des Schulteröffnungswinkels war schwächer als der des Umformgrades. Eine Halbwarmumformung von Stahl steigert die Zeitfestigkeit weniger als eine Kaltumformung. Die Dauerfestigkeit wird durch Kalt- oder Halbwarmumformung nicht notwendig gesteigert. Die Sinterstähle zeigten kaltfließgepreßt anders als konventionelle Stähle vornehmlich quasielastische Verformung bis zum Bruch. Halbwarmumgeformt verhalten sich Sinterstähle jedoch aufgrund der verringerten Porosität nahezu wie konventionelle. Für AlMg4,5Mn zeigten umgeformte Schwingproben im Vergleich zu spanend gefertigten - vermutlich aufgrund der schlechteren Oberfläche - eine niedrigere Dauerfestigkeit; hier wurde auch ein deutlicher Einfluß des Schmierstoffes beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19940250807
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beitrag zur quantitativen Bewertung thermisch aktivierter Werkstoffreaktionen (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 25 (1994), S. 341-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: On the quantitative valuation of thermally activated material reactionsThis paper gives an insight into the fundamentals and application of the quantitative valuation of thermally activated material reactions, especially of static softening processes. Possibilities of calculating based on diffusion and chemical kinetics are reported not only for isothermal, but also generally for thermally nonstationary conditions. The special cases of constant heating or cooling rates and of constant temperatures which nearly exclusively have been described in the literature follow automatically from these more universal equations given here. For a more precise description of softening processes it is proposed that the ARRHENIUS formula is modified and generalized by introducing a temperature threshold value, i.e., a minimum or reference temperature. This allows the material softening process that independently of time always can be observed only above a minimum temperature to be represented in this way also by the physical-mathematical model. Integrals are calculated and explizit solutions are given for characteristic temperature-time dependences. Finally, the fundamental method of determining the model parameters is described.
    Notes: Der Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in Grundlagen und Anwendung der quantitativen Bewertung thermisch aktivierter Werkstoffreaktionen, insbesondere bei statisch ablaufenden Entfestigungsvorgängen. Berechnungsmöglichkeiten werden auf der Grundlage von Diffusion und chemischer Kinetik nicht nur für isotherme, sondern allgemein für thermisch beliebig instationäre Bedingungen angegeben. Die im Fachschrifttum fast ausschließlich betrachteten Spezialfälle konstanter Erwärmungs- oder Abkühlraten und konstanter Temperaturen ergeben sich aus den hier angegebenen allgemeingültigeren Gleichungen zwanglos. Zur präziseren Beschreibung von Entfestigungsvorgängen wird vorgeschlagen, den Arrhenius-Ansatz dahingehend zu modifizieren bzw. zu verallgemeinern, daß ein Temperaturschwellenwert - eine Mindestbzw. Bezugstemperatur - in geeigneter Weise eingeführt wird. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß eine Werkstoffentfestigung, die - praktisch unabhängig von der Zeitdauer - immer erst oberhalb gewisser Mindesttemperaturen beobachtbar ist, in dieser Weise auch durch das physikalisch-mathematische Modell erfaßt und widergespiegelt wird. Für charakteristische Temperatur-Zeit-Abhängigkeiten werden die auftretenden Integrale berechnet und explizite Lösungen angegeben. Abschließend wird der prinzipielle Weg zur Bestimmung der Modellparameter skizziert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19940250809
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eigenschaften von Polypropylen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des chemischen ApparatebausVortrag anläßlich des DECHEMA-Kolloquiums am 5. 4. 63. (1963)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 14 (1963), S. 925-930 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Properties of polypropylene, particularly from the point of view of chemical equipmentApart from polyethylene, isotactic polypropylene is gaining increasing importance. The special properties of this material have soon been found particularly advantageous in the technical sector. A number of properties such as density, softening point, permeability to gases, hardness, stuffness and the excellent resistance to chemicals are due to the structure of the polymer. Another valuable property is the good suitability of the material for welding. It has already been possible to gather experience in this sphere, on a large scale, from the processing of semi-finished products from low-pressure polyethylene. Apart from wire welding, much use is also being made of heat element welding (without auxiliary wire).From the point of view of chemical equipment, an important property is the so-called long-term strength or long-term behaviour. This is illustrated by a number of diagrams in regard to contact with water, air and chemicals, e.g. sulphuric acid of different degrees of concentration.
    Notes: Neben dem Polyäthylen gewinnt das isotaktische Polypropylen mehr und mehr an Bedeutung. Die speziellen Eigenschaften dieses Materials haben sich sehr schnell als für den technischen Sektor besonders günstig erwiesen. Aus der Struktur des Polymeren erklärt sich eine ganze Reihe von Eigenschaften, z. B. Dichte, Erweichungspunkt, Permeabilität von Gasen, Härte, Steifigkeit und die ausgezeichnete Chemikalienbeständigkeit. Eine weitere wertvolle Eigenschaft stellt die gute Verschweißbarkeit dar. Erfahrungen auf diesem Gebiet konnten schon in großem Umfang bei der Verarbeitung von Halbzeug aus Niederdruckpolyäthylen gewonnen werden. Neben der Drahtschweißung wird auch sehr oft die Heizelementschweißung (ohne Zusatzdraht) angewandt.Wichtig für den chemischen Apparatebau ist die sogenannte Zeitstandfestigkeit bzw. das Zeitstandverhalten. In verschiedenen Diagramme wird dies in Kontakt mit Wasser, Luft und Chemikalien, z. B. Schwefelsäure verschiedener Konzentration, dargestellt.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19630141102
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anwendung von Rohren großen Durchmessers aus HartpolyäthylenHerrn Prof. Dr. E. Rabald zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1964)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 15 (1964), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Application of large-diameter pipes made of hard polyethyleneWith the aid of numerous illustrations, the applications of polyethylene pipes of relatively large diameters are surveyed. A special account is given of the advantages which such pipes may offer under different installation conditions. Especially in the Scandinavian countries  -  Norway, Finland and Sweden  -  where pipes are laid in the open even during the winter months, the toughness of hard polyethylene, even at low temperatures, is found to be a particular advantage. A special problem is posed by the need for a reliable jointing of large-diameter pipes. It is shown that, if the necessary conditions are adhered to, and if suitable aids are used, it is possible to obtain reliable butt welds, both between one pipe and another, and between pipe and welding collar. Such welding collars can be made in different ways. For instance, a mould is filled with the aid of an extruder and a rough cast prepared which, after cooling, is machined on a lathe. Pipes made of hard polyethylene are used not only for drinking water pipes but also for special purposes, e. g. cable protection pipes. For this purpose, a special technique, known as jetting method, is sometimes used for laying pipes across water.
    Notes: Anhand einer großen Anzahl van Bildern wird über den Einsatz van Rohren relativ großen Durchmessers aus Hart-Polyäthylen berichtet. Dabei wird auch auf die Vorteile, die solche Rohre unter den verschiedensten Verlegebedingungen bieten, näher eingegangen. Gerade in skandinavischen Ländern wie Norwegen, Finnland und Schweden, wo auch während der Wintermonate Rohrverlegungen im Freien stattfinden, erweist sich die gute Zähigkeit von Hart-Polyäthylen auch in der Kälte von besonderem Vorteil. Ein besonderes Problem stellt die zuverlässige Verbindung von Rohren großen Durchmessers der. Es wird gezeigt, daß bei Einhaltung der erforderlichen Bedingungen und bei Verwendung geeigneter Hilfsgeräte einwandfreie Stumpfschweißungen sowohl der Rohre untereinander als auch von Rohr und Vorschweißbund erzielt werden können. Die Herstellung solcher Vorschweißbunde kann auf verschiedene Arten vorgenommen werden; z. B. wird mit Hilfe eines Extruders eine Form gefüllt und durch Pressen ein Rohling hergestellt, der nach dem Erkalten auf einer Drehbank bearbeitet wird. Neben der Verwendung van Rohren aus Hart-Polyäthylen für Trinkwasserleitungen werden sie auch für Spezialzwecke, wie z. B. Kabelschutzrohre, eingesetzt. Dabei wird in manchen Fällen eine besondere Verlegetechnik beim Durchqueren van Gewässern, das sog. Einspülverfahren, angewandt.
    Additional Material: 36 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19640150109
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Real and pseudo oxygen gradients in Ca-alginate beads monitored during polarographic Po2-measurements using Pt-needle microelectrodes (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 617-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: oxygen profiles ; oxygen microprobe ; Po2-microelectrode ; artifacts ; alginate beads ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polarographic microcoaxial needle electrodes were used to measure internal profiles of dissolved oxygen tension (Po2) within single Ca-alginate beads of different diameter containing entrapped cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. For the investigations, single beads coming from variable growing conditions and distinct cultivation stages were fixed in a special holding device. In dependence on microbial growth steep oxygen gradients were observed. The Oxygen penetration depth at steady state lay between 50 and 100 μm. After 8 h of cultivation time, the anaerobic space within the beads (φ 2 mm; cultivation in a packed bed reactor) is beginning at ∼ 130 μm, whereas the anaerobic space within the beads (φ 2 mm) coming from the shaker flask culture is located ∼440 μm below the bead surface. Surprisingly, steep gradients were also observed, when recording profiles from cell-free Ca-alginate beads of different diameter and alginate concentrations. The steep oxygen gradients apparently had to be interpreted as pseudo-Po2-gradients. These results were borne by several effects, such as formation of artifacts and diffusion barriers in front of the electrode tip or oxygen “availability” at the tip and consumption of oxygen by the electrode itself. These phenomena could be documented by microscopic observation and photography. Thus, to obtain real Po2-profiles it is important to be exactly informed about the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the material to be investigated. Furthermore, it is necessary to apply a special stepwise puncture technique with distinct step-in/step-out movements of the electrode: e.g., unidirectional or contradirectional puncture techniques. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440508
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperbolic heat conduction in catalytic supported crystallites (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 1499-1501 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170636
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myelinated nerve cell perikaryon in mouse spinal cord (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 128 (1972), S. 135-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Mouse ; Myelinated neuronal soma ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Im Thorakalmark (Hinterhornbereich) einer Wildmaus wurde ein kleines Nervenzellperikaryon beobachtet, das vollständig von einer Markscheide umhüllt war. Die Zahl der Markscheidenlamellen variierte zwischen 7 und 12. An einer Stelle konnte ein sogenanntes inneres Mesoperikaryon nachgewiesen werden. Die Bedeutung dieses zufällig erhobenen Befundes ist vorerst noch offen.
    Notes: Summary In the thoracic cord (posterior horn region) of a wild mouse, we have observed a small nerve cell soma completely enveloped by a myelin sheath. The number of myelin lamellae varied between 7 and 12. In one place, the existence of an inner ‘mesoperikaryon’ could also be shown. The significance of this fortuitous finding has not yet been explained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306893
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uteroglobin-like antigen in the male genital tract secretions (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 165 (1975), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Rabbit seminal vesicle ; Rabbit seminal plasma ; Genital tract secretion proteins ; Electron microscopy ; Disc electrophoresis ; Immunoelectrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The secretion of the rabbit seminal vesicle has been investigated by morphological and biochemical means. Apical regions of seminal vesicle epithelial cells show highly active protein synthesizing and releasing organells. The secretory proteins released are analysed by disc-electrophoresis and three different immunological procedures. There is evidence for the presence of an uteroglobin-like antigen in seminal vesicle secretion. Comparison with seminal plasma indicates that the uteroglobin-like protein is also present in this fluid. The immunological and electrophoretical identity of rabbit uteroglobin, obtained from the uterus, with “male uteroglobin” is obvious, but molecular-biochemical and biological identity awaits further clarification. The demonstration of uteroglobin-like antigen in the male as in the female points towards new aspects in reproductive and contraceptive research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222795
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