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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Enchondroma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. To determine whether enchondromas and chondrosarcomas can be differentiated on the basis of peritumoral MR signal abnormality. Design. STIR and T2-weighted MRI images were retrospectively assessed for the presence and extent of abnormal peritumoral marrow and soft-tissue signal. The cause of the peritumoral signal abnormality was determined by histologic correlation with resection specimens. The presence or absence of bone destruction was noted. Patients. Twenty-three patients were studied: ten with enchondromas (three men, seven women; ages 33–73 years) and 13 with chondrosarcomas (seven men, six women; ages 25–88 years). Results. Abnormal peritumoral marrow signal was present on STIR images around none of 10 enchondromas and all of 13 chondrosarcomas (P〈0.0001). The marrow signal abnormality corresponded histologically to fine marrow fibrosis in all cases. Adjacent abnormal soft-tissue signal was present on STIR images around none of ten enchondromas and eight (62%) of 13 chondrosarcomas (P=0.0026). Abnormal soft-tissue signal was more common around high-grade than low-grade chondrosarcomas (100% vs 38%, P=0.028), and was more extensive (mean extent 28 mm vs 8 mm; P〉0.04). In the subset of tumors without bone destruction, peritumoral marrow signal abnormality was present around none of ten enchondromas and all of five chondrosarcomas (P=0.0003); abnormal soft-tissue signal was present around none of ten enchondromas and two of five chondrosarcomas (P〉0.05). Conclusion. Abnormal marrow or soft-tissue signal around a chondroid tumor is suggestive of chondrosarcoma, even in the absence of bone destruction. STIR images are necessary for adequate detection of peritumoral signal abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Thoracic disc herniation ; Spine, intervertebral discs ; Spine, MR studies ; Spinal cord, compression ; Contrast media ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Gd-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance findings in two patients with herniated thoracic intervertebral discs are reported. The first patient was a 56-year-old woman with a small subligamentous T6-7 disc herniation, slightly lateralized to the right. The second patient was a 51-year-old man with a central and right posterolateral disc herniation, including a large calcified fragment, at the T8-9 level. The nonenhanced MR examination revealed the presence of an extradural mass lesion in both patients, impinging upon the dural sac and compressing and displacing the spinal cord posteriorly. The lesion was slightly hypointense on both T1- and T2-weighted spin echo sequences. Following intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA in a dosage of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight, enhancement of the posterior longitudinal ligament was noted and triangular areas of contrast uptake were seen to occur in the epidural space above and below the herniated disc. At surgery, they were found to correspond to dilated and congested epidural veins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Huntington's disease ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Single photon emission computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A Turkish family with Huntington's disease documented on CT, MRI and SPECT is reported. Whereas in clinically definite cases CT and MRI are of limited value and SPECT does not add anything of value, in one asymptomatic subject SPECT showed moderate caudate nucleus hypoperfusion, underlining the hypothesis that SPECT may have a role in predicting Huntington's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Small-cell lung cancer ; Brain metastasis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Staging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We prospectively investigated 40 patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC) for signs of brain metastasis by neurological examination and MRI of the brain, to determine the significance of MRI for staging. MRI could not be completed in one patient, who was excluded from the study. The MRI studies of the remaining patients showed no abnormalities in 12, cerebral infarcts in 2 and brain metastases in 11 patients, of whom 3 no relevant symptoms. Nonenhancing white matter lesions were found in 14 patients. In 3 of the 4 patients with an abnormal neurological examination at diagnosis, nonenhancing white matter lesions later developed into contrast enhancing lesions compatible with brain metastases; in 2, this occurred during the course of the chemotherapy. MRI did not change the clinical staging in patients with asymptomatic brain metastases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Carcinoma, basal cell ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the scalp with deep cerebral invasion in an 82-year-old man. Plain films and CT showed extensive, full thickness, skull destruction at the vertex. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI revealed neoplastic invasion of the meninges and left cerebral hemisphere, down to the lateral ventricle. We postulate that tumour extended into the brain along perivascular spaces of transcerebral vessels. This hypothesis is supported by the cleft-like contrast enhancement on MRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; techniques ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; contrast enhancement ; Three-dimensional imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose was to evaluate the usefulness of a 3D T1-weighted gradient-echo sequence (MP-RAGE) in clinical practice. We prospectively examined 200 patients with a variety of neurological disorders and symptoms. We compared lesion conspicuity and contrast enhancement on MP-RAGE images with conventional gadolinium-enhanced spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted images. Both the original MP-RAGE data and the reformatted images were characterised by improved differentiation between grey and white matter. More lesions were found on the 3D series, in both patients with neoplastic and non-neoplastic disease. Contrast enhancement of small oedematous lesions affecting the white matter in demyelinating disease was less obvious. Multiplanar reformatting, which can be realised in any desired plane and surface rendering with sophisticated segmentation algorithms superbly displayed the underlying anatomical relationships between lesions and normal brain structures. Excellent spatial resolution, the absence of posterior fossa artefacts and equivalent contrast enhancement resulted in an increased number of space-occupying lesions being found on the MP-RAGE images. Thus contrast-enhanced MP-RAGE is an alternative to conventional SE imaging in the investigation of intracranial masses. Although the total number of lesions found in patients with demyelinating disease was significantly higher on MP-RAGE, demonstration of blood-brain-barrier breakdown in active lesions was less obvious.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spine ; Intervertebral discs ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spinal surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to establish the normal range of MRI findings after successful lumbar discectomy. We prospectively examined 34 consecutive patients with an excellent clinical outcome by MRI 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. All examinations included sagittal and axial spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted images before and after intravenous gadolinium-DTPA and fast SE T2-weighted images. Contrast enhancement along the surgical tract was seen in all patients 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. After 6 months minimal or no mass effect on the dural sac by epidural scar was seen. In 20 % of patients there was recurrent disc herniation, with mass effect. Enhancing nerve roots were seen in 20 % of patients 6 weeks postoperatively, and half of these were associated with recurrent disc herniation at the same side. None of these patients still showed nerve root enhancement 6 months after surgery. Postoperative MRI studies must be interpreted with great care since the features described in the failed back surgery syndrome are also found, to some extent, in asymptomatic postoperative patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spine ; Intervertebral discs ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Spinal surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to establish the normal range of MRI findings after successful lumbar discectomy. We prospectively examined 34 consecutive patients with an excellent clinical outcome by MRI 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. All examinations included sagittal and axial spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted images before and after intravenous gadolinium-DTPA and fast SE T2-weighted images. Contrast enhancement along the surgical tract was seen in all patients 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. After 6 months minimal or no mass effect on the dural sac by epidural scar was seen. In 20% of patients there was recurrent disc herniation, with mass effect. Enhancing nerve roots were seen in 20% of patients 6 weeks postoperatively, and half of these were associated with recurrent disc herniation at the same side. None of these patients still showed nerve root enhancement 6 months after surgery. Postoperative MRI studies must be interpreted with great care since the features described in the failed back surgery syndrome are also found, to some extent, in asymptomatic postoperative patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 33 (1991), S. 357-359 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Ganglioglioma ; Neurofibromatosis ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report the occurrence of a left frontal lobe ganglioglioma in a patient with neurofibromatosis type I (von Recklinghausen's disease) and conclude that the occurrence of a cerebral ganglioglioma in a patient with neurofibromatosis must probably be considered coincidental.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Small-cell lung cancer ; Brain metastasis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Staging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We prospectively investigated 40 patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC) for signs of brain metastasis by neurological examination and MRI of the brain, to determine the significance of MRI for staging. MRI could not be completed in one patient, who was excluded from the study. The MRI studies of the remaining patients showed no abnormalities in 12, cerebral infarcts in 2 and brain metastases in 11 patients, of whom 3 no relevant symptoms. Nonenhancing white matter lesions were found in 14 patients. In 3 of the 4 patients with an abnormal neurological examination at diagnosis, nonenhancing white matter lesions later developed into contrast enhancing lesions compatible with brain metastases; in 2, this occurred during the course of the chemotherapy. MRI did not change the clinical staging in patients with asymptomatic brain metastases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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