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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Projection of the cerebellar dentate nucleus onto the frontal association cortex in monkeys (1979)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 37 (1979), S. 193-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Cerebello-cerebral projection ; Dentate nucleus ; Monkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Stimulation of the cerebellar dentate nucleus in monkeys elicited responses in the frontal association cortex (area 9) on the contralateral side to the stimulation, in addition to those in the motor (area 4) and premotor (area 6) cortices which were reported previously. The responses in the frontal association cortex were characterized by surface positive-deep negative field potentials in the cortex. They contrasted with surface negative-deep positive potentials in the motor and premotor cortices on the same dentate nucleus stimulation. In the rostral part of the premotor cortex (area 6) on the border of area 9, both types of responses were induced and admixed. The relay nucleus of the thalamus was suggested for the dentate-induced responses in the frontal association cortex.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01474266
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cortical field potentials preceding visually initiated hand movements and cerebellar actions in the monkey (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 46 (1982), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Premovement cortical potential ; Visually initiated movement ; Cerebellum ; Monkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Cortical field potentials preceding hand movements initiated by a visual stimulus were recorded with chronically implanted electrodes in premotor, motor and somatosensory cortices of monkeys, and the influences of cerebellar hemispherectomy on cortical potentials as well as reaction time of movements were examined. As reported previously, early surface-positive, depth-negative (2.5–3 mm depth from the cortical surface) premovement potentials emerged at about 40 ms latency after onset of the light stimulus bilaterally in premotor and forelimb motor areas. Early potentials in the forelimb motor area contralateral to the moving hand were followed at about 120 ms latency by surface-negative, depth-positive late premovement potentials which are considered to be mainly composed of superficial thalamo-cortical (T-C) responses. Unilateral hemispherectomy of the cerebellum contralateral to the motor area immediately eliminated the surface-negative, depth-positive potentials. Reaction time from onset of the light stimulus to the hand movement was prolonged by 90–250 ms after cerebellar hemispherectomy. If the dentate and interpositus nuclei were also lesioned, disappearance of the late potentials and delay of the movement continued for many months. However, if the interpositus was spared, there was earlier recovery of reaction time with simultaneous reappearance of the late premovement potentials in the motor cortex. The conclusion is drawn that the cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) activates the motor cortex via superficial T-C projections and participates directly in the initiation of reaction movements in response to an external stimulus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238095
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Substance P-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, and cholecystokinin-like immunoreactive fiber projections from the superior colliculus to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the rat (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 89 (1992), S. 59-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Tectogeniculate projections ; SP ; VIP ; CCK ; WGA-HRP ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Substance P (SP)-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-, and cholecystokinin (CCK)-like immunoreactive (LI) neurons were found in the superior colliculus (SC) of the rat, and examined to ascertain whether they sent projection fibers to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd). Immunocytochemical staining with antisera against SP, VIP, and CCK showed that many immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies were located in the superficial layers of the SC, especially in the stratum griseum superficiale. The pattern of distribution of these immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies in the SC was similar to that of neuronal cell bodies which were retrogradely labeled with WGA-HRP (wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate) injected ipsilaterally into the LGNd. On the other hand, SP-, VIP- and CCK-LI axons were seen most densely in the lateral part of the LGNd, especially in the small-celled LGNd zone adjacent to the optic tract, where anterograde labeling was also observed after injection of WGA-HRP ipsilaterally into the superficial layers of the SC. When a lesion was produced by kainic acid injection into the superficial layers of the SC, axons showing SP-, VIP-, or CCK-LI in the LGNd ipsilateral to the lesion were markedly depleted. The results indicate that SC-LGNd projection neurons contain SP, VIP, and/or CCK in the rat.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229001
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Descending projections from the subparafascicular thalamic nucleus to the lower brain stem in the rat (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 90 (1992), S. 508-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Subparafascicular nucleus ; Inferior colliculus ; Superior olivary complex ; Cochlear nuclei ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the course of our study on the neuronal connections of the subparafascicular nucleus (SPF) in the rat, descending projections from the SPF to the lower brain stem were examined by using the anterograde tracer PHA-L (Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin) and retrograde tracer WGA-HRP (horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin). When PHA-L was injected into the magnocellular and/or parvicellular division of the SPF (SPFm and/or SPFp), presumed terminal labeling was seen, bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance, in the mesencephalic and pontine central gray matter, peripheral shell regions of the inferior colliculus, cuneiform nucleus, and superior olivary complex (mainly in the superior paraolivary nucleus, and additionally in the nuclei of the trapezoid body). A few labeled axon terminals were also seen in the cochlear nuclei bilaterally with a contralateral dominance. In the second set of experiments, WGA-HRP was injected into the inferior colliculus, superior olivary complex, or cochlear nuclei. When WGA-HRP was injected into the peripheral shell regions of the inferior colliculus or the superior olivary complex, many labeled neuronal cell bodies were seen in the SPFm bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance, and a moderate number of labeled neuronal cell bodies were observed in the SPFp (lateral SPF) bilaterally with an ipsilateral dominance. When WGA-HRP was injected into the cochlear nuclei, a moderate number of labeled neuronal cell bodies were observed in the SPFm and SPFp bilaterally with a contralateral dominance. The results indicate that the SPFm and SPFp (lateral SPF) of the rat send a considerable number of projection fibers to the lower brain stem. The target regions of these projection fibers include the auditory relay nuclei, such as the inferior colliculus, superior olivary complex, and cochlear nuclei.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230933
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Laminar organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in the macaque monkey, with special reference to the caudato-nigro-tectal link (1993)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 92 (1993), S. 545-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Substantia nigra pars reticulata ; Neostriatum ; Superior colliculus ; Eye movements ; Monkey
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A laminar organization of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) was revealed in the macaque monkey by using an semihorizontal section plane parallel to the long axis of the SNr in the frontal plane. After injecting horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin into the caudate nucleus (Cd) or putamen, anterogradely labelled fibres and axon terminals in the SNr were observed to form parallel bands in the anteromedial-posterolateral direction. After injecting Fast Blue into the superior colliculus, a cluster of retrogradely labelled neuronal cell bodies also formed a single band arranged in the similar anteromedial-posterolateral direction. The cluster was observed along the anterolateral margin of the SNr. This SNr region containing nigrotectal neurons appeared to overlap with one of the bands containing terminals of striatonigral fibres arising from the body of the Cd. The caudato-nigro-tectal link via the anterolateral marginal area might be involved in the control of saccadic eye movements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229045
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