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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cecum ; Germ-free rat ; Microflora inoculation ; Morphometry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The structural changes of the cecal wall in germfree rats were observed at regular intervals after the inoculation of fecal microflora from conventional rats. Quantitative light microscopy showed that most of the elements in the cecal wall increased at 12 or 24 h and reached peak values at 4 days after inoculation. On the 7th day, they decreased approximately to the values for conventional rats. The crypts were bent or widely open till 24 h but were not after the 4th day. Hyperplasia of the crypt epithelial cells including mucous-type cells was observed following microbial inoculation. Electron microscopy revealed that most of the epithelial cells lining the mucosa were typical columnar cells. Desquamation of the epithelial cells and contraction of the muscle fibers were often seen on 4th day. The mucous-type cells were divided into two types, goblet and non-goblet mucous-type cells. Reduction of cecal volume after microbial inoculation may be mainly caused by muscle contraction in the early period and hyperplasia and desquamation of the epithelial cells may suggest their role as the first and non-specific defense line prior to operation of the specific immune system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 11 (1987), S. 89-94 
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Bone alloimplants ; Decalcified ; Osteoinduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Afin d'apprécier l'efficacité clinique des allogreffes osseuses décalcifiées en surface et totalement décalcifiées, nous avons comparé radiologiquement l'incorporation de ces deux types d'allogreffes dans le lit osseux récepteur chez des malades opérés de butée de la hanche. Nous nous sommes référés aux résultats cliniques obtenus avec des autogreffes. Dans tous les cas, les deux types d'allogreffes décalcifiées se sont bien incorporés à l'os réceptuer. Cependant, dans les cinq cas examinés, les allogreffes totalement décalcifiées se sont résorbées avec peu ou sans apposition d'os nouveau. En revanche, les allogreffes décalcifiées en surface ont été parfaitement incorporées, bien qu'il ait fallu plus d'un an pour obtenir cette incorporation. Ces constatations indiquent que, contrairement `a ce que l'on aurait pu attendre des résultats de l'expérimentation animale, la décalcification accrue des allogreffes osseuses réduit leur efficacité clinique.
    Notes: Summary The relative clinical efficacy of surface-decalcified and wholly decalcified bone alloimplants was studied by observing radiographically the incorporation of the two types into the recipient bone bed in cases of shelf arthroplasty of the hip joint. In all cases, the decalcified alloimplants were incorporated well in an intraskeletal site. However, in all five cases examined, wholly decalcified alloimplants in a paraskeletal site were resorbed with little or no new bone deposition. In contrast, surface-decalcified alloimplants in a paraskeletal site were consistently incorporated, though their complete integration required more than one year. These findings show that, contrary to the results in experimental animals, increased decalcification of bone alloimplants reduced their clinical efficacy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 9 (1985), S. 181-188 
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Bone matrix gelatin ; Bone alloimplantation ; Osteoinduction ; Osteoconduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une gélatine de matrice osseuse préparée par un traitement chimique séquentiel comportant une décalcification par l'acide chlorhydrique a été utilisée comme implant allogène dans le traitement des tumeurs osseuses, bénignes ou malignes, des dysplasies acétabulaires, des retards de consolidation, des pertes de substance traumatique, etc. Cette gélatine de matrice osseuse mise en place dans les cavités osseuses a été réhabitée avec succès 97 fois sur 99 (98%), à l'exclusion des cas d'infection ou de récidive de la tumeur. L'implant a également été placé à la surface de l'os, en inlay, dans 10 cas mais il s'est résorbé 5 fois, sans formation d'os. La réhabitation a été obtenue dans un délai de 6 à 33 mois (14,9 en moyenne). Une infection est survenue 5 fois sur 165 implantations (3%) sur des lésions osseuses antérieurement aseptiques. Une fièvre modérée persistant plus de dix jours après l'opération (traduisant probablement une réaction immunologique) a été observée 4 fois sur 160 implantations (2,5%), à l'exclusion des cas infectés. Les implants allogènes de matrice osseuse constituent donc un traitement efficace des pertes de substance osseuse avec un faible risque de complications, rejet ou infection.
    Notes: Summary Bone matrix gelatin, prepared by sequential chemical treatment including decalcification with 0.6 N hydrochloric acid [9], was used as an alloimplant for the treatment of benign bone tumours, tumorous conditions of bone, acetabular dysplasia, delayed union, traumatic bone defects and other disorders. The bone matrix gelatin implanted into bone defects was incorporated successfully in 98% of implantations, excluding cases of infection, tumour recurrence and recurrence of tumorous conditions. The material was also implanted into ten bone sites as an onlay but in five it was resorbed without new bone formation. The incorporation of the bone matrix gelatin into the recipient bed was completed from 6 to 33 months (average 14.9 months) after implantation. Wound infection complicated 5 of 165 implantations (3%) in previously uninfected sites. Low grade fever persisting after the tenth post-operative day (a probable sign of immunological reaction) occurred in 4 of 160 implantations (2.5%), excluding cases of infection. Alloimplants of bone matrix gelatin are thus effective in the treatment of bone defects. The risk of complication such as rejection or infection is low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Paneth cells ; Ultrastructure ; Morphometry ; Bethanechol ; Fluoride ion ; G-protein ; Mouse (Balb/c)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Paneth cells located at the bottom of intestinal crypts may play a role in controlling the bacterial milieu of the intestine. Using morphometry to clarify the secretory mechanism of the Paneth cells, we studied the ultrastructural changes in mouse Paneth cells produced following intra-arterial perfusion with Hanks' balanced salt solution containing a cholinergic muscarinic secretagogue (bethanechol), a neuroblocking agent (tetrodotoxin), or a G-protein activator (NAF/AlCl3). Bethanechol (2×10-4 mol/l) induced Paneth-cell secretion. Many Paneth cells massively exocytosed their secretory material into the crypt lumen; the enhanced secretion caused degranulation and vacuole formation. However, tetrodotoxin (2×10-6 mol/l) did not prevent the bethanechol-enhanced secretion by the Paneth cells. NaF (1×10-2 mol/l) and AlCl3 (1×10-5 mol/l) induced massive exocytosis of the Paneth cells; the exocytotic figures were similar to those observed in mice stimulated by bethanechol. G-protein activation was followed by a sequence of intracellular events, resulting in exocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 261 (1990), S. 451-459 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Harderian gland ; Ultrastructure ; Morphometry ; Carbamylcholine ; Secretion ; Rat (Slc: SD)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To determine the effect of cholinergic secretagogue on the Harderian gland of rats, several light- and electron-microscopic parameters were morphometrically assessed at different time intervals after carbamylcholine injection. In controls, two types of glandular cells (type A cells having 40–55 large vacuoles per cell profile and type B cells containing 30–38 smaller vacuoles per cell profile) and myoepithelial cells were recognized. At 5 min after injection of carbamylcholine, when rats secreted “bloody tears”, many alveoli showing narrower lumina and exocytotic figures in both types of cells were observed. Some vacuoles, which were covered by thin cytoplasmic sheets, protruded into the alveolar lumina. However, there was no evidence of apocrine or holocrine secretion. At 30 min and 120 min after injection, most of the alveolar lumina were dilated, and a pronounced decrease in the number of vacuoles in the glandular cells was observed. At 300 min after injection, the secretory vacuoles in both cell types reaccumulated. Transitional forms between the two cell types were not observed. The two types of Harderian gland cells can therefore be considered independent populations rather than different secretory stages of the same cell. It appears that the secretory process of the Harderian gland of rat is affected by cholinergic stimulation of the two types of glandular cells and of myoepithelial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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