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  • 1995-1999  (1)
  • 1975-1979  (1)
  • Silvopastoral  (1)
  • Women  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 380 (1979), S. 205-210 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Lactate ; Muscle fibers ; Recovery exercise ; Bicycle ergometer ; Women
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract After exercise the lactate (La) removal from blood occurs significantly faster during moderate exercise than at rest. However, under both conditions there are considerable inter-individual differences in La removal. These differences in man may depend on the slow-twitch (ST) fiber content of muscle (X1), the La concentration in blood (X2), and the intensity of the recovery exercise (X3). Therefore, multiple regression models were obtained to describe La removal rates with these variables. In 10 women La concentrations were increased via a 6 min bicycle ergometer ride (87%VO2 max) and blood La concentrations were measured every 5 min during 20 min resting and active recovery periods (29–49%VO2 max). For resting recovery only the initial La concentration after the 6 min exercise provided a significant description for La removal in 8 subjects (P=0.03). However, for the active recovery a highly significant description for La removal was obtained: La removal rate (mM/l · min)=0.773×10−2X1+0.321×10−1X2−0.120×10−1X3+0.202 (R=0.91;P=0.01). The statistical independence (P〉0.10) of each of these variables in the model suggests that each is contributing uniquely to the total removal rate of La observed during an active recovery period. The relationship between La removal and %ST fibers may be related to the metabolic and anatomical features of these fibers, the La concentration probably reflects the significance of the mass action effect of La, and the intensity of exercise reflects the role of the muscle's metabolic rate. The present results illustrate that the removal of blood lactate is influenced by the interactive effects of the intensity of the recovery exercise, blood lactate concentration and the ST fiber content of muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Excreta ; Fertiliser ; Microbial biomass ; Nitrogen ; Silvopastoral
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a field study to assess the effect of increasing the frequency of split applications of N fertiliser on the pattern of plant uptake, soil N availability, and microbial biomass C and N. Measurements were taken during the growing season in different positions relative to young trees (Prunus avium L.) in an upland silvopastoral system in its first year after establishment. At fertiliser rates of 72 and 144 kg ha-1 N applied as NH4NO3, increasing the number of split applications increased N uptake by the pasture. Mineral forms of soil N measured 2 weeks after application indicated that residual NH inf4 sup+ -N and total mineral N were also greater in this treatment on certain dates. Soil NO inf3 sup- -N was positively correlated with the soil moisture content, and nitrification reached a maximum in early May and declined rapidly thereafter except within the herbicide-treated areas around the trees where soil moisture had been conserved. Results of the study suggest that high NO inf3 sup- -N in herbicide-treated areas was probably caused by mineralisation of grass residues and low uptake by the tree rather than by preferential urine excretion by sheep sheltering beside the trees. Mean microbial biomass C and N values of 894 and 213 kg ha-1, respectively, were obtained. Microbial C was slightly increased by the higher frequency of split applications at 144 kg ha-1 N and was probably related to the greater herbage production with this treatment. Microbial N was not significantly affected by the N treatments. Both microbial biomass C and N increased during the growing season, resulting in the net immobilisation of at least 45 kg ha-1 N which was later released during the autumn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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