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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (26)
  • Age  (2)
  • Systemic inflammatory response syndrome  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in geriatric patients with multiple diseases
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 8 (1989), S. 139-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-4943
    Keywords: Age ; Laboratory parameters ; Multimorbidity ; Pharmacokinetics ; Ranitidine
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-4943(89)90058-7
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmakokinetik und Pharmakodynamik von Theophyllin bei multimorbiden geriatrischen Patienten (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 551-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Theophylline ; Age ; Multimorbidity ; Pharmacokinetics ; Pharmacodynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of theophylline (200 mg i.v.) were determined in 20 geriatric patients with multiple diseases. Serum concentrations were fitted to an open 2-compartment model. Percent changes in venous pCO2 and pO2 were used as parameters of the pharmacodynamic action. Total clearance was decreased and elimination half-life of theophylline was found to be prolonged in the elderly patients compared with data of a study with young healthy volunteers. The stronger the pharmacodynamic action of theophylline (percent change of venous pCO2 after 30 min), the faster was its elimination and the lower were measured concentrations after 2, 6, and 12 h.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01727621
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathophysiologie der Sepsis Aktuelle Konzepte (1996)
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 45 (1996), S. 312-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Sepsis ; systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) ; Zytokine ; Endotoxin ; Stickstoffmonoxid (NO) ; Endothelin-1 ; Zell-Zell-Kommunikation ; Streßgene ; Apoptose ; Key words Sepsis ; Systemic inflammatory response syndrome ; SIRS ; Cytokines ; Endotoxin ; Nitric oxide ; Endothelin-1 ; Intercellular communication ; Stress genes ; Apoptosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Clinical manifestations of sepsis, such as systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, are considered to be the results of a decompensated host defense response. If tissue injury is sufficiently severe to overwhelm local defense mechanisms, systemic activation of these essentially protective mechanisms may lead to autodestructive „host defense failure disease.“ This is not always caused by invading bacteria; sterile inflammation such as results from multiple trauma or pancreatitis can initiate a similar response. Evidence suggests that the activation of the macrophage/monocyte system that underlies the systemic inflammatory response may reflect one facet of a more generalized dysregulation of intercellular communication, as well as a dysfunction of such subcellular processes as signal transduction or stress gene expression. Alterations in signal transduction or stress gene expression can affect the host defense response to subsequent stressful events in either a negative or a positive sense. In particular, the sequential induction of acute phase and heat shock response may initiate programmed cell death, reflecting a potential molecular mechanism for the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The development of anti-inflammatory treatment strategies seems to be hampered by the discrepancy between locally protective and systemically deterimental properties of the host defense response.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Sepsisbegriff und pathophysiologische Konzepte der Sepsis haben in den letzten Jahren einen tiefgreifenden Wandel erfahren. Im Zentrum der pathogenetischen Vorstellungen zur Entwicklung eines septischen (Mehr-) Organversagens steht heute die Fehlregulation potentiell protektiver Defensivsysteme des septischen Patienten im Sinne einer „host defense failure disease“. Initialer Auslöser der pathophysiologischen Sequenz von Ereignissen, die letztlich zur systemischen Entzündungsreaktion und Organschädigung führt, scheint die Aktivierung des unspezifischen Immunsystems mit exzessiver Produktion von Entzündungsmediatoren zu sein. Neben bakteriellen Toxinen kommen auch abakterielle Insulte wie Polytrauma oder Pankreatitis als Auslöser eines vergleichbaren Symptomenkomplexes mit Überstimulation der Monozyten und Makrophagen in Frage. Die Aktivierung des Monozyten-Makrophagensystems scheint dabei eine Facette einer generalisierten Störung der Zell-Zellkommunikation und subzellulärer Funktionen wie Signaltransduktion und Streßgenexpression zu sein. Veränderungen der Signaltransduktion wie der Genexpression können die Reaktion des Organismus auf nachfolgende Streßereignisse positiv wie negativ beeinflussen. Dieses als „priming“ bezeichnete Phänomen beeinflußt nach heutigem Verständnis wesentlich die Entwicklung eines eventuellen Organversagens („double hit“-Modell der Sepsis). Die Diskrepanz zwischen lokal protektiven Wirkungen und systemischen Auswirkungen einer Aktivierung der Defensivsysteme stellt ein besonderes Hindernis für die Entwicklung antiinflammatorischer oder immunmodulatorischer Therapien dar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010050266
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixed agonistic-antagonistic cytokine response in whole blood from patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (1999)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 279-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Abdominal aortic aneurysm ; Cytokines ; Systemic inflammatory response syndrome ; Ischemia-reperfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To characterize the impact of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (AAAR) on spontaneous as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Design: Prospective, controlled in vivo / ex vivo study. Setting: University hospital. Patients and interventions: Whole blood from 14 consecutive patients undergoing AAAR withdrawn prior to surgery (T1), at the end of ischemia (T2), 90 min after declamping (T3) and on the first postoperative day (T4) was cultured in the absence or presence of LPS. Five patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair served as controls. Measurements and results: While tumor necrosis factor (TNF), Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-10 plasma concentrations did not increase significantly, IL-6 was elevated at each time point, as compared with T1. Despite the spontaneous release of trace amounts of IL-6, the ability of cultured whole blood to mount a cytokine response in vitro to LPS was impaired for all cytokines studied at T2 (TNF –62 %, IL-1 –51 %, IL-6 –20 %, IL-10 –51 %). The stimulated IL-6 response was restored early after declamping (T3: + 56 %) and enhanced 1 day after operation (T4: + 144 %). In contrast, stimulated TNF and IL-1 responses remained depressed at T3 (TNF –48 %, IL-1 –64 %) and T4 (TNF –40 %, IL-1 –24 %). A biphasic pattern was observed for IL-10 with initial depression at T3 (-51 %) and restoration at T4 ( + 40 %). Among the different cytokines monitored, only impaired TNF responsiveness at early reperfusion (T3) correlated with the postoperative course, as reflected by APACHE II. Cytokine response to LPS was maintained or even increased during and after surgery in the whole blood from patients undergoing hernia repair. Conclusions: Despite consistent development of clinical signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and spontaneous release of IL-6 abdominal aortic aneurysm repair produces a state of impaired pro-inflammatory cytokine response upon a subsequent in vitro Gram-negative stimulus. This early impairment of TNF responsiveness seems to correlate with an unfavorable postoperative course.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050836
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metallurgical modelling of welding. Von O. Grong, 600 Seiten, The Institute of Materials, London 1994, Materials modelling series; 557, £ 85.00, ISBN 0-901716-37-5 (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 199-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970480319
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lexikon der Schweißtechnik. Schweißen, Schneiden und verwandte Verfahren. Hrsg. H. Herold, J. Wodara. Deutscher Verlag für Schweißtechnik, DVS-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1994, 1. Auf., 500 Abb., 269 Seiten, DM 128,-, ISBN 3-87155-732-3 (1995)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 182-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19950460313
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical modelling of weld phenomena 2, Hrsg. von H. Cerjak und H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia, 288 Seiten, Materials modelling series 594. The Institute of Materials, London 1995, £ 65.00, ISBN 0-901716-63-4 (1997)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 71-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19970480112
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inspection guidelines for pressure vessels and piping. Volume 1: New Fabrication. Von Ronald J. Twigg. MTI Publication No. 40. Published for Materials Technology Institute of the Chemical Process Industries, Inc. By NACE International P.O. Box 218340, Houston, TX 77218-8340. 1993, 135 S., 35 Abb., $ 115.00, $ 80.00 (NACE Member), ISBN 1-877914-64-9 (1995)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 46 (1995), S. 336-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19950460515
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte-Carlo-Simulation der geometrischen Struktur von Cyanurat-Oligomeren (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 38 (1987), S. 655-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The average bond lengths and bond angles of the structural units of polycyanurates synthesized by polycyclotrimerization of 2,2-bis(4-cyanatophenyl)propane were measured by single crystal X-ray analysis of model compounds. An off-lattice Monte Carlo model was developed for the simulation of the geometrical structure of cyanurate oligomers with polymerization degrees up to 31. Excluded volume effects were taken into account in the form of hard spheres. The calculated results show that an occurrence of intramolecular cyclizations, which was supposed in the literature, is possible.
    Notes: Die Größen der Bindungsabstände und -winkel der in Polycyanuraten auf Basis von 2,2-Bis(4-cyanatophenyl)propan auftretenden Strukturelemente wurden durch Röntgenkristallstrukturanalyse von Modellsubstanzen ermittelt. Darauf aufbauend wurde ein Monte-Carlo off-lattice Modell zur Simulation der geometrischen Struktur auftretender Oligomere bis zu einem Polymerisationsgrad 31 entwickelt, in dem Effekte des ausgeschlossenen Volumens in Form von hard-sphere Potentialen berücksichtigt sind. Die Ergebnisse belegen unter anderem die aus experimentellen Daten resultierende Vermutung des Auftretens intramolekularer Cyclisierungen.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1987.010381204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical structural model for the gelation behaviour of cyanate-epoxy polyreactions (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 39 (1988), S. 548-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Unter Zugrundelegung der Kinetik der Hauptreaktionen bis zum Gelpunkt - Polycyclotrimerisierung der Cyanat-gruppe, Einschubreaktion des Glycidethers und Abspaltung eines Phenols - wurde mit Hilf der Kaskadentheorie ein statistisches Strukturmodell der Reaktion von Dicyanaten mit Bisglycidethern entwickelt. Es wurde gefunden, daß die Verschiebung des kritischen OCN-Umsatzes zu höheren Werten im Vergleich zu den klassischen 50% für die reine Polycyclotrimerisation in der Abspaltung eines Phenols mit dem Grundkörper des Cyanatmonomers begründet ist.
    Notes: Basing on the kinetics of the main reactions up to the gelation point - cyclotrimerization of the cyanate, insertion of the glycidylether group and abstraction of a phenol - a statistical structural model for the reaction of a dicyanate with a bisglycidylether was developed using a cascade approach. It was found that the critical OCN conversion shift to higher values compared with the classical 50% for the pure polycyclotrimerization is caused by the abstraction of the phenol with the aromatic rest of the cyanate monomer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1988.010391004
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