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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reappraisal of neurofibrillary tangles (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 77 (1989), S. 258-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurofibrillary tangles ; Alzheimer's disease ; Pick bodies ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the immunohistochemical reactivity and ultrastructure of both neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) occurring with severe neurofibrillary diseases, and Pick bodies (PBs) associated with Pick's disease. The NFTs and PBs did not react immunohistochemically with the anti-nonphosphorylated neurofilament monoclonal antibody irrespective of whether they were pretreated with alkaline phosphatase. In granular neurons of the dentate fascia of Ammon's horn in cases of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), NFTs either resembled PB-like inclusion bodies (Horoupian's inclusion bodies) in form, or had a perinuclear structure. Immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, the NFTs in the dentate fascia in cases of DAT, including Horoupian's inclusion bodies, were similar to the NFTs in the pyramidal neurons of Ammon's horn, which are found most frequently in association with severe neurofibrillary diseases. Under a light microscope, Horoupian's inclusion bodies and PBs could not be differentiated and appeared to be argyrophilic round cytoplasmic inclusions in granular neurons of the dentate fascia. There were, however, ultrastructural differences. Horoupian's inclusion bodies consisted of bundles made up of straight tubules (STs), each about 15 nm in diameter. These bundles were intermixed with a few paired helical filaments which occurred at intervals of about 80 nm. On the other hand, PBs were composed of randomly distributed 15-nm-wide STs, intermixed with a very few fibrillary structures. These fibrils had a periodicity of about 160 nm, and ranged in width from about 15 nm to 30 nm. Horoupian's inclusion bodies associated with DAT and PBs associated with Pick's disease are different in this neuropathological aspect. The NFTs, including Horoupian's inclusion bodies in the dentate fascia in cases of DAT, are considered to be a manifestation of neurofibrillary degeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687577
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic argyrophilic inclusions in neurons of pontine nuclei in patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 584-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Olivopontocerbellar atrophy ; Argyrophilic inclusion ; Pontine nucleus ; Ubiquitin ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) were studied, and cytoplasmic inclusions were observed in some of the remaining neurons of the pontine nuclei, nuclei reticularis tegmenti pontis and arcuate nuclei. The cytoplasmic argyrophilic inclusions were demonstrated by silver impregnation techniques such as Bielschowsky and Bodian staining. With hematoxylin and eosin stain, the inclusions were sharply demarcated and appeared pale. The inclusions were not stained by the following routine histological methods: Klüver-Barrera, phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin, Holzer, periodic acid-Schiff, Mallory azan, alcian blue, nile blue, Masson trichrome, Congo red, thioflavine S, oil red O and Sudan black B stains. Immunohistochemistry with anti-ubiquitin antiserum showed that these inclusions were ubiquitinated. However, the inclusions did not react with any of the following antibodies (Abs) or antisera: anti-phosphorylated neurofilament (NF) Ab, anti-nonphosphorylated NF Abs (160 and 200 kDa), anti-paired helical filament antiserum, anti-tau antiserum, anti-tubulin Abs (alpha and beta), anti-microtubule-associated proteins antiserum, anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein antiserum, anti-vimentin Ab, anti-desmin Ab, anti-cytokeratin Abs (low and high molecular weights), anti-actin antiserum, anti-skeletal myosin antiserum and anti-myelin basic protein Ab. Ultrastructurally, the inclusion bodies noted in OPCA were composed primarily of fibrils having a width ranging from about 24 to 40 nm, which were entirely coated with osmiophilic granular material along their whole length. They were occasionally intermingled with a few filaments about 10 nm in width. Electron microscopical examination on silver-impregnated specimens revealed that each granule-coated fibril had a great affinity for silver particles. In elucidating the pathogenesis of OPCA, it was considered to be an important neuropathological finding that some of the remaining pontine neurons affected by OPCA developed characteristic cytoplasmic argyrophilic inclusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294235
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemistry and ultrastructure of atypical myoclonus body (type II) (1974)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 28 (1974), S. 45-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Myoclonic Epilepsy ; Atypical Myoclonus Body (Type II) ; Histochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Histochemical studies of type II myoclonus bodies demonstrated that they were composed of a saccharide-lipid complex with a small amount of protein. In particular, they contained phospholipid, ganglioside and sphingomyelin. The ultrastructure of the bodies revealed that they were bound by a membrane. They were diffusely stippled or homogeneous. They were not formed of filaments or lamellae. Some correlation with microbody or lysosomal structures in association with degeneration of the neurone was suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687517
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on a diabetic (KK) strain of the mouse (1967)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 3 (1967), S. 212-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Spontaneous Diabetes ; KK mice ; Japanese mice ; Obesity ; Growth hormone ; Pituitary ; Islets of Langerhans ; Pancreas ; Ultrastructure ; Beta cells ; Insulin in pancreas ; Sex and diabetes ; Adrenal cortex ; Zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 1. Un état diabétique est démontré chez des souris d'une souche japonaise, la souche KK, mis en évidence par une élévation du sucre sanguin et par une diminution de la tolérance au glucose. 2. Le poids corporel des souris KK dépasse la normale; il s'agit d'une obésité modérée. 3. L'activité insulinique du pancréas et le contenu en hormone de croissance de l'hypophyse de souris KK dépassent ceux observés chez des souris C57BL. 4. Histologiquement, on trouve chez les souris KK une hypertrophie et une hyperplasie des îlots de Langerhans, une hypertrophie et une dégranulation des cellules B, une abondance de ribosomes et de réticulum endoplasmique des cellules B, un développement marqué de la région de Golgi des mêmes cellules, et une diminution du contenu en zinc des cellules insulaires. D'autres anomalies ont également été observées dans d'autres organes des souris KK, plus particulièrement pour l'hypophyse, le foie, les surrénales et la parathyroïde.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung 1. Bei Mäusen des KK-Stammes (japanische Zucht) ist mit Bestimmung von Glucosetoleranz und Blutzuckerwerten ein diabetischer Zustand nachweisbar. 2. Das Körpergewicht von KK-Mäusen liegt über der Norm, und es besteht eine leichte Fettsucht. 3. Die Insulinaktivität des Pankreas und der Gehalt der Hypophyse an Wachstumshormon sind bei KK-Mäusen höher als bei C57BL-Mäusen. 4. Das Pankreas der KK-Mäuse zeigt auffallende Veränderungen, wie Hypertrophie und Degranulierung derβ-Zellen, reichlich Ribosomen und endoplasmatisches Reticulum in denβ-Zellen, sowie starke Ausbildung des Golgiapparates und Verminderung des Zinkgehaltes der Inselzellen. 5. Auch andere Organe (z.B. Adenohypophyse, Leber, Nebenniere und Nebenschilddrüse) der KK-Mäuse weisen Veränderungen auf.
    Notes: Summary This review demonstrates the following points:1. By glucose tolerance test and the determination of non-fasting blood sugar values, mice of KK strain (a Japanese strain) have been shown to be in a diabetic state. 2. KK mice have greater than normal body weights, and moderate obesity. 3. Pancreatic insulin activity and adenohypophyseal growth hormone content of KK mice are greater than those of C75BL mice. 4. The pancreas of KK mice presents many striking changes, such as the hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the islets, the hypertrophy and degranulation of B cells, the abundance of B cell ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum, the enlargement of the Golgi areas of B cells, and the diminution of the zinc content of insular cells. 5. In other organs (eg. adenohypophysis, liver, adrenal and parathyroid) of KK mice, many changes are also observed. The above features of KK mice are discussed in relation to the presumed metabolic disorder in the mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01222198
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bunina bodies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis on Guam: a histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigation (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 98 (1999), S. 150-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Bunina body ; Guam ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An investigation of Bunina bodies is important when studying the pathoetiology and pathomechanisms involved in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It may serve as a clue essential for the study of the pathogenesis of Guamanian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-G), and it may provide a means of answering the question of whether ALS-G is the same disease as classical ALS or a different entity. In ALS-G, however, no precise histochemical, immunohistochemical, or detailed ultrastructural examination has been published to date. To elucidate the pathological differences/similarities of Bunina bodies between classical ALS and ALS-G, we performed histochemical, immunohistochemical, topographic and ultrastructural examinations. Histochemically, hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s trichrome, methylgreen-pyronin, phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin, Klüver-Barrera, Bodian and periodic acid-Schiff staining were utilized. Immunohistochemical examination was performed using antibodies for cystatin C, ubiquitin, Tau-2, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, phosphorylated neurofilament and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Histochemical findings were consistent with those previously described for classical ALS. The immunohistochemical study showed that in ALS-G Bunina bodies were intensely labeled by an anti-cystatin C antibody. Topographic examination demonstrated that Bunina bodies were distributed in the spinal anterior horns and Clarke’s column in the spinal cord. Ultrastructurally, Bunina bodies were composed of electron-dense amorphous/ granular material accompanied by vesicular structures and neurofilaments. The results of the present study have revealed that the pathological features of Bunina bodies in ALS-G are identical to those seen in classical ALS. These findings strongly suggest that a similar degenerative process occurs in the spinal anterior horn cells in both ALS-G and classical ALS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051063
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ultrastructures of atypical and anaplastic meningiomas (1995)
    Springer
    Medical molecular morphology 28 (1995), S. 111-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Keywords: Atypical meningioma ; Anaplastic meningioma ; Ultrastructure ; Brain invasion ; Recurrence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To clarify the cytologic features of atypical and anaplastic meningiomas, 11 tumors from 4 patients were examined by electron microscopy and compared to 10 classic meningiomas. Although all of the classic meningiomas had oval nuclei, many cytoplasmic organelles, typical regular interdigitation of cell processes, and many well-developed desmosomes with many intermediate filaments, atypical meningiomas showed irregularlyindented nuclei, poorly-developed interdigitation of irregular cell processes, and a decreased number of desmosomes. Anaplastic meningiomas were composed of immature cells with scant cytoplasm and poorly-developed cell processes. Mitoses were occasionally observed. The intercellular spaces were obvious, and immature desmosomes with small amounts of filaments were rarely found. A high recurrence rate and metastases can be predicted from the presence of loose contacts between tumor cells and frequent mitoses in atypical and anaplastic meningiomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02348028
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation potential in medulloblastomas and primitive gliomas (1994)
    Springer
    Medical molecular morphology 27 (1994), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Keywords: Medulloblastoma ; Primitive glioma ; Differentiation ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To increase our understanding of the differentiation potential and cytogenesis of embryonal tumors in the brain, 12 medulloblastomas and 10 primitive gliomas were studied by electron microscopy. Of the medulloblastomas, 6 cases were undifferentiated tumors that demonstrated fine processes similar to microspikes. The remaining 6 cases were poorly-differentiated tumors. Axon-like processes were seen in 4 of these cases, including one with dense core vesicles. Astroglial processes were seen in 4 cases. Of the primitive gliomas, there were 2 undifferentiated tumors and 8 poorly-differentiated tumors. Some of the undifferentiated tumor cells had broad cytoplasmic processes. Of the 8 poorly-differentiated gliomas, there were groupings of junctional complexes in 7, microvilli in 4 and bundles of intermediate filaments in 5. It is concluded that medulloblastomas have both neuronal and glial differentiation potentials and that primitive gliomas have only glial differentiation potential. The origin of medulloblastomas may be from the remnants of cell nests with a multipotential differentiation capacity, and the origin for primitive gliomas may be from remnants of glial precursor cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02348220
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural characteristics of primordial germ cells in the quail embryo (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 236 (1993), S. 547-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Primordial germ cells ; Ultrastructure ; Nucleolus ; Quail embryo ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An avian species, the quail has become a desirable animal model in experimental embryology and reproductive biology. To understand the ultrastructural characteristics of primordial germ cells (PGC) of this species, we studied PGC in the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) embryo at various developmental stages from their appearance in the germinal crescent through migration to settlement in the gonadal ridges by means of electron microscopy. The results were compared with those of another well-known avian species, the chick. Several ultrastructural characteristics of quail PGC not described previously in chick PGC were observed as follows: (1) No glycogen particles were detected in the cytoplasm at any stage examined. (2) Electron-dense and membrane-bounded granules were found in the PGC cytoplasm during the sexually indifferent gonadal stages. (3) Quail PGC were characterized by a prominent nucleolus associated with condensed chromatin (heterochromatin), and the developmental changes of the nucleus, were noted; the nucleolus initially appeared as a compact mass at the germinal crescent stage and became dispersed at later stages during the colonization of the gonadal ridges. These findings suggest several physiological and functional differences in the cell cycle between these two avian species. This is the first report describing detailed ultrastructural characteristics of PGC in the quail embryo. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092360314
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide in the fish heart and blood plasma examined by electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay (1990)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 260 (1990), S. 235-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Atrial natriuretic peptide ; Heart ; Freshwater fish ; Seawater fish ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Radioimmunoassay ; Cyprinus carpio (Teleostei) ; Narke japonica (Elasmobranchii) ; Eptatretus burgeri (Cyclostomata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The immunoreactivity of atrial natriuretic peptide and ultrastructure of cardiocytes were examined in 5 species each of freshwater and seawater teleosts, as well as in 2 species each of elasmobranchs and cyclostomes. Immunoreactivity was strong in the atria of Cyprinus carpio, Anguilla japonica and Conger myriaster, rather weak in atria of Channa maculata, Lepomis macrochirus, Salmo gairdneri, Oplegnathus fasciatus and Eptatretus burgeri, very weak in atria of Pagrus major, Trachurus japonicus and Triakis scyllia, and not detectable in atria of Hexagrammos otakii, Narke japonica and Lampetra japonica. The immunoreactivity of the atrial cardiocytes was generally stronger in freshwater than seawater fish. Ventricular immunoreactivity was detected only in 7 species, always being weaker than that observed in the atrium. Ultrastructurally, however, secretory granules were found in atria and ventricles of all species examined, being more frequent in the former than the latter. By radioimmunoassay, immunoreactive ANP was detected in the extracts of blood plasma and both atrial and ventricular tissues of all species examined. There were no statistically significant differences in the values between freshwater and seawater species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318627
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of smooth muscle cells in the rat thoracic duct (1988)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 251 (1988), S. 243-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thoracic duct ; Smooth muscle cell ; Ultrastructure ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional cytoarchitecture and ultrastructure of the smooth muscle cells in the wall of the rat thoracic duct were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The muscle layer basically consists of a single layer of circularly arranged cells. The smooth muscle cell is fusiform or ribbon-like in shape, as in veins or venules with a similar or smaller diameter. Connections by spinous processes are observed between adjacent muscle cells along their length. Spot-like membrane contacts frequently occur in areas where facing membranes are closely apposed. These are thought to be gap junctions and may be responsible for electrical coupling and mechanical attachment. Large invaginations arranged regularly in rows on the surface of the smooth muscle cells can be observed. These invaginations are closely associated with a flattened sarcoplasmic reticulum, and caveolae tend to open into the invaginations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215831
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