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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Bladder ; Urinary tract repair ; Collagen/vicryl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Collagen/vicryl (Polyglactin) composite membrane has been used to repair full-thickness defects in the urinary bladder of rabbits. The material has been shown to be biodegradable, prevent leakage of urine, and is readily replaced by collagenous scar tissue lined with a urothelium. Regeneration of smooth nuscle has been observed in the repair area of some animals. The results suggest that such a material may well be of use to urologists wishing to augment contracted bladders or in the repair of bladder fistulae in human subjects, thereby avoiding the use of bowel or other material e.g. omentum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Collagen vicryl composite ; Partial nephrectomy ; Urinary tract repair ; Rabbit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A composite membrane produced from collagen and vicryl mesh has been used to cover the kidney surface following partial nephrectomy in rabbits. The membrane readily held sutures, gave satisfactory haemostasis, and prevented leakage of urine. The experiments showed that the prosthesis biodegraded in less than twenty weeks. The only observed long-term effect of the material was thickening of the renal capsule. The results indicate that this membrane may be a suitable reparative materal for use in traumatised kidneys in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Collagen vicryl composite ; Urinary tract repair ; Sutures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A Vicryl (Polyglactin)/Collagen composite membrane has been developed for potential use in urinary tract surgery. The compatability of this membrane, together with its two individual components, collagen film and vicryl mesh, has been tested over a three week period in urine obtained from both healthy and from stone forming patients. The rate of degradation as indicated by changes in the mechanical strength was determined at regular intervals. In addition,absorbable suture materials such as plain catgut, chromic catgut, and vicryl were similarly tested; in the latter case, the breaking stress, and actual loss of weight of the material were compared. The whole series of experiments were then repeated in urine obtained from rabbits, the animal chosen for any future in vivo studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Collagen Vicryl composite ; Urinary tract repair ; Urinary tract infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A Collagen/Vicryl (Polyglactin) composite membrane (developed for use in urinary tract surgery) has been incubated in cultures of radioactively labelled urinary tract pathogens vis Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Proteus mirabilis for up to 1h. For comparison, collagen film, Vicryl mesh, and a number of absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures were similarly tested. Following incubation, samples were also examined by scanning electron microscopy. Under the experimental conditions employed, only minimal adherence of the micro-organisms to the collagen coated Vicryl mesh, its two individual components, as well as Vicryl and nylon sutures was observed. Significantly greater numbers of bacteria, however, ahered to silk and Chromic Catgut. The results suggest that adherence of microorganisms to the prosthesis even in infected urine is unlikely to develop into a microcolony of bacteria. However, it should be emphasised that great care must be excercised when extrapolating from the in-vitro to the in-vivo situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Urological research 11 (1983), S. 285-290 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Trace metals ; Cadmium ; Kidney cortex ; Ischaemic heart disease ; Medulla
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The trace element content of kidneys has been documented in very few international centres. Significant differences can be demonstrated between the cortical and medullary levels of calcium, zinc and cadmium. For the West of Scotland the values for the latter are similar to those found in Scandinavia. There are significantly higher cadmium contents in subjects who smoke and who have evidence of ischaemic heart disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Urological research 5 (1977), S. 15-20 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Cadmium ; Kidney ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cadmium injection in rats affects the genito-urinary system. The renal effects are generally considered to be mainly tubular. Light microscopy of 29 specimens confirms cellular damage in the glomeruli with changes in glomerular capillaries. Electron microscopic changes in the glomeruli confirm changes in the podocytes, thickening of the basement lamina, the occurrence of electron dense deposits in association with the capillary endothelium with platelet and polymorphonuclear cell accumulations which suggests opening of the endothelial junction of the glomerular vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Collage vicryl composite ; Urinary tract repair ; Urinary calculi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Collagen coated vicryl mesh has been incubated with a series of urine collections from healthy and stoneforming patients. For comparison, collagen film, vicryl mesh, and a number of absorbable and non-absorbable sutures were similarly tested. Incubation in rabbit urine were also included in the study. Deposition of urinary salts, estimated qualitatively by electron microcopy, were observed on the collagen vicryl composite in approximately two thirds of the urines tested including rabbit urine. Those urines from patients with a high calcium excretion in particular caused urinary deposits on the material. Similar results were obtained with collagen film although the latter was not tested in rabbit urine. Considerably less deposits of urinary constituents were found with other absorbable materials such as vicryl mesh, vicryl sutures, and chromic catgut, whereas a higher proportion of concretions were found with the nonabsorbable sutures. The results indicate that urinary salt deposition may be a problem associated with collagen based composite materials after prolonged exposure to urine. It must, however, be emphasised that great care should be exercised when extrapolating any results obtained in-vitro to the in-vivo situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Urological research 7 (1979), S. 285-289 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Cadmium ; Iron ; Bendrofluazide ; Hypercalciuria Hyperzincuria ; Treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cadmium induces a variety of effects on kidney tubules including hypercalciuria. This is accompanied by hyperzincuria. The present work shows that both of these biochemical abnormalities can be corrected but where a state of cadmium-induced-anaemia exists urine zinc and calcium excretion do not follow the expected parallel course in response to iron therapy as they do with bendrofluazide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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