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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption of β-methyl-digoxin determined after a single dose and under steady state conditions (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 9 (1976), S. 307-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Absorption ; man ; β-methyl-digoxin ; serum concentration ; urinary excretion ; radio-immunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Single doses of β-methyl-digoxin 0.4 mg were given to groups of 17 – 18 healthy volunteers as an intravenous infusion lasting 2 hours, or orally as Lanitop Liquidum® or Lanitop® tablets. The serum glycoside concentration and urinary glycoside excretion were measured over 8 and 32 h. The absolute bioavailability from the oral preparations in comparison with the infusion was lower for the first 8 h than for the entire 32 h of the investigation; the relative bioavailability from tablets was the same as from the solution for both periods. For both periods the area under the serum concentration/time curve and the urinary glycoside excretion were significantly lower after administration of the tablets than after intravenous infusion. Taking the average of both parameters, the absolute bioavailability of β-methyl-digoxin was about 80% from the solution and about 70% from the tablets. In 18 patients undergoing intravenous or oral therapy with β-methyl-digoxin steady state glycoside concentrations were compared in a cross-over study of intravenous maintenance therapy with Lanitop® ampoules or oral treatment with Lanitop® tablets. For a standard daily dose of 0.2 mg β-methyl-digoxin the serum concentrations were 1.35±0.10 ng/ml during both intravenous and oral administration. The intra-individual variation in glycoside concentration after changing from intravenous to oral maintenance therapy, or vice versa, was about the same as during continued intravenous or oral administration. It is concluded that the rate of rise of serum concentration after a single dose may be a useful indicator of the rate of absorption, but that the area under the serum concentration/time curve and the urinary glycoside excretion up to 32 h are unsuitable for determining equivalent doses of different formulations or routes of administration of digitalis glycosides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561665
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum glycoside concentrations after single or repeated intravenous doses ofβ-methyl-digoxin and digoxin (1977)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 213-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: β-Methyl-digoxin ; digoxin ; intravenous administration ; man ; serum concentration ; renal clearance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of the present investigation was to estimate the ratio of the intravenous doses ofβ-methyl-digoxin and digoxin required to produce identical serum glycoside concentrations in man. 20 patients on intravenous maintenance therapy were changed fromβ-methyl-digoxin to the identical dose of digoxin or vice versa. Each drug was given for 7 days. Serum concentrations 13% higher were found during administration ofβ-methyl-digoxin. Assuming a half life of 60 h after with drawal, the dose of digoxin producing the same minimum serum concentration was estimated to be 1.16 times higher than that ofβ-methyl-digoxin. 18 healthy volunteers received 0.4 mg β-methyldigoxin, and 23 the same dose of digoxin, as an intravenous infusion over 2 h. The serum concentrations and urinary glycoside excretion were measured over a period of 32 hrs. During the first hour after the infusion the serum concentration of digoxin declined more rapidly than that ofβ-methyl-digoxin. Thereafter, the ratio of the serum concentrations did not change appreciably up to the end of the investigation. The area under the serum concentration/time curve was about 13% greater forβ-methyl-digoxin than for digoxin; this difference was not significant. The average renal clearance was 96±9 ml forβ-methyl-digoxin, 151±13 ml for digoxin. Since the total body clearance of digoxin is only about 1.16 times higher than that ofβ-methyl-digoxin, the lower renal clearance ofβ-methyl-digoxin must partly be compensated by higher extrarenal clearance. From the ratios of the areas under the serum concentration/time curves after single doses of β-methyldigoxin and digoxin, and the minimum serum concentrations during maintenance therapy, it was concluded that the dose of digoxin to produce the same average serum concentrations would be about 1.15 times higher than that ofβ-methyl-digoxin. In comparison with the large variations in individual dosage of digoxin andβ-methyl-digoxin, this difference is too small to be of practical importance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00606413
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bemerkungen zur Darstellung einiger Chloride und Oxychloride der Metalle der V. Nebengruppe (1958)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 295 (1958), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Improved or new methods of preparation of the chlorides and oxychlorides of vanadium, of NbCl5, TaCl5, NbCl5 · SCl4, and TaCl5 · SCl4 are described.
    Notes: Es werden besonders geeignete Methoden zur Darstellung der Vanadinchloride und Oxychloride sowie der Pentachloride des Niobs und Tantals und deren Additionsverbindungen mit Schwefeltetrachlorid beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19582950507
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flüssigkeitsdurchmischung in engen Blasensäulen (1957)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 29 (1957), S. 727-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Beim Durchgang eines stationären Blasenstroms durch eine Flüssigkeitssäule wird die Flüssigkeit durchmischt. Der Durchmischungsvorgang läßt sich formal wie ein Diffusionsvorgang behandeln, wobei der Diffusionskoeffizient durch einen Durchmischungskoeffizienten ersetzt werden muß. Es wird eine Methode zur Bestimmung solcher Koeffizienten mitgeteilt sowie der Durchmischungsvorgang in engen Blasensäulen diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330291105
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die Umsetzungen der Tetrachloride des Selens und Tellurs mit organischen Stoffen und Über ein einfaches Verfahren zur Darstellung selenorganischer Verbindungen in wäßrigem Medium (1954)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 1 (1954), S. 33-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Selentetrachlorid wirkt bei vollständigem Feuchtigkeitsausschluß auf organische Substanzen chlorierend ein. Bei Anwesenheit von Spuren Feuchtigkeit werden selenorganische Verbindungen gebildet, wahrscheinlich durch die Entstehung von Selenoxychlorid aus Selentetrachlorid und Wasser. Aus salz- bzw. bromwasserstoffsaurer Selendioxyd-Lösung und einer organischen Komponente kann man leicht und sauber selenorganische Verbindungen in wäßrigem Medium herstellen. Schwefeldioxyd- bzw. Tellurdioxyd-Lösungen geben unter gleichen Bedingungen keine schwefel- bzw. tellurorganische Verbindungen. Ferner findet keine Bildung von selenorganischen Verbindungen statt, wenn man SeO2 in anderen als den oben genannten Säuren löst. Tellurtetrachlorid bildet mit organischen Substanzen nur unter Feuchtigkeitsausschluß tellurorganische Verbindungen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19540010104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über einige Umsetzungen des Niob- und Tantalpentachlorids mit organischen Verbindungen (1959)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 301 (1959), S. 271-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The compounds NbCl5 · HCl · 2 (C2H5)2O, TaCl5 · HCl · 2 (C2H5)2O, (TBA · H)2[NbOCl5] · 2 CHCl3, and (TBA · H)2[NbCl7] · 1.5 CHCl3 (TBA = tribenzylamine) are described. The reactions of the pentachlorides with salicylic acid and o-dihydroxybenzene have been investigated.
    Notes: Es werden die Verbindungen NbCl5 · HCl · 2 (C2H5)2O und TaCl5 · HCl · 2 (C2H5)2O sowie die Chlorokomplexe (TBA · H)2[NbOCl5] · 2 CHCl3 und (TBA · H)2[NbCl7] · 1,5 CHCl3 beschrieben. (TBA = Tribenzylamin). Ferner wird über Umsetzungen der Pentachloride mit Salicylsäure und Brenzcatechin berichtet.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19593010506
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Wolframalkoxyde (1960)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 304 (1960), S. 238-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The preparation and the properties of several alkoxydes of tungsten of the formula WO(OR)4 are described.
    Notes: Darstellung und Eigenschaften einiger Alkoxyverbindungen des Wolframs von der Formel WO(OR)4 werden beschrieben. (R = Methyl, äthyl, Propyl, Butyl und Benzyl.)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19603040315
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Umsetzungen von Vanadinoxytrichlorid mit organischen SubstanzenProfessor Erich Thilo zum 60. Geburtstage gewidmet (1958)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 296 (1958), S. 36-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The preparation of some addition and substitution compounds between vanadium oxychloride and organic compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen are described.
    Notes: Es wird über die Darstellung einer Reihe Additions- und Substitutionsverbindungen des Vanadinoxytrichlorides mit sauerstoff- und stickstoffhaltigen organischen Verbindungen berichtet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19582960107
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IR-Spektroskopischer Nachweis des Benzoylium-Kations (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 80 (1968), S. 40-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19680800109
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the Benzoylium Cation by IR Spectroscopy (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 70-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196800702
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