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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A relationship between impaired fetal growth and reduced muscle glycolysis revealed by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1205-1212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; skeletal muscle ; glucose metabolism ; fetal growth ; programming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thinness at birth is associated with insulin resistance and an increased prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in adult life. As muscle is an important site of insulin resistance, and because thin babies have reduced muscle mass, thinness at birth may affect muscle structure and function and impair carbohydrate metabolism. We have therefore used 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the bioenergetics of gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles in 16 normoglycaemic women who had a low (≤ 23 kg/m3) and 9 women who had a high (〉23 kg/m3) ponderal index at birth. In the flexor digitorum superficialis study anaerobic metabolism was stressed with a constant heavy workload. Low ponderal index subjects fatigued more rapidly (3.3 vs 5.8 min); as phosphocreatine decreased, the accompanying drop in muscle pH was less than in the high ponderal index group. In the first minute of exercise phosphocreatine fell and adenosine diphosphate rose more rapidly (p=0.04 and 0.03, respectively). Gastrocnemius showed a similar trend late in exercise (this exercise was more oxidative, becoming more anaerobic with increasing workload). These changes were not explained by differences in body composition, muscle mass or blood flow. The findings are consistent with a decreased lactic acid and glycolytic adenosine triphosphate production in the low ponderal index group and suggest the possibility that the mechanisms which control substrate utilisation and metabolism in adult life be programmed during prenatal life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422370
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aromatic DNA adducts in white blood cells of coke workers (1990)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 62 (1990), S. 467-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: PAH ; White blood cell ; DNA adducts ; 32P-postlabelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary White blood cell DNA adducts were measured in coke workers, local controls and countryside controls using the 32P-postlabelling technique. The method detected aromatic adducts including those formed by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Coke workers are heavily exposed to PAHs particularly when working at the batteries. A difference in adduct levels was noted between the coke workers at the battery as compared to other jobs. The adduct levels in the non-battery were higher than those in the countryside controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379065
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A relationship between impaired fetal growth and reduced muscle glycolysis revealed by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1205-1212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; skeletal muscle ; glucose metabolism ; fetal growth ; programming.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thinness at birth is associated with insulin resistance and an increased prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in adult life. As muscle is an important site of insulin resistance, and because thin babies have reduced muscle mass, thinness at birth may affect muscle structure and function and impair carbohydrate metabolism. We have therefore used 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the bioenergetics of gastrocnemius and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles in 16 normoglycaemic women who had a low (≤ 23 kg/m3) and 9 women who had a high (〉 23 kg/m3) ponderal index at birth. In the flexor digitorum superficialis study anaerobic metabolism was stressed with a constant heavy workload. Low ponderal index subjects fatigued more rapidly (3.3 vs 5.8 min); as phosphocreatine decreased, the accompanying drop in muscle pH was less than in the high ponderal index group. In the first minute of exercise phosphocreatine fell and adenosine diphosphate rose more rapidly (p = 0.04 and 0.03, respectively). Gastrocnemius showed a similar trend late in exercise (this exercise was more oxidative, becoming more anaerobic with increasing workload). These changes were not explained by differences in body composition, muscle mass or blood flow. The findings are consistent with a decreased lactic acid and glycolytic adenosine triphosphate production in the low ponderal index group and suggest the possibility that the mechanisms which control substrate utilisation and metabolism in adult life be programmed during prenatal life. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 1205–1212]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422370
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic studies of polycarbonate, polysulfone, and polyether sulfone (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 1859-1867 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ultrasonic attenuation and velocity measurements are reported for samples of polycarbonate, polyether sulfone, and polysulfone over a temperature range from 10° to 80°C and over a frequency range from 5 to 35 MHz. Observed relaxations are ascribed to short-range motions of the polymer backbone - here designated the α process. The amplitude of the absorption initially decreased with increasing draw ratio, but after two years returned to the values characteristic of undrawn samples. The longitudinal wave velocity increased with draw ratio in a manner consistent with the creation of molecular order and remained constant over two years. Differences in the attenuation properties between the three polymers studies are discussed in terms of the chemical structure and the macroscopic morphology of the samples.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210713
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acoustic relaxation and infrared spectroscopic measurements of the plasticization of poly(methyl methacrylate) by water (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 319-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Measurements are reported on the acoustic attenuation and velocity of dry and wet samples of poly(methyl methacrylate) over a temperature range of 5° to 70°C and over a frequency range of 5 to 35 MHz. Lowering of the glass transition temperature with increase in water content was reflected in an increase in the acoustic attenuation and a lowering of the velocity at high temperature. Comparison of the infrared spectra of wet and dry thin films indicates that water exhibits spectroscopic characteristics of isolated rather than highly clustered molecules. A study of the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient of water into the polymer matrix provided an activation energy for the migration process. The data suggest that water plasticizes poly(methyl methacrylate) via specific local interactions with the backbone.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210202
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosensitized dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride). I. Effect of commercial additives (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 1129-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A commercial formulation of thermal antioxidant has been shown to photosensitize the dehydrochlorination of poly(vinyl chloride). The species responsible was shown to be a p-alkyl-substituted phenol, and this was confirmed using p-cresol as a model compound.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1978.070220421
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of glucose and oxygen on the cytochromes and metabolic activity of yeast batch cultures. II. Candida utilis (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 169-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Candida utilis was grown in batch culture with and without oxygen control. The concentrations of A-, B-, and C-type cytochromes were found to vary with the initial glucose concentration, with the dissolved oxygen concentration, and with time. A-type was the most sensitive. After glucose was essentially exhausted, the yeast catabolized ethanol, if it had been growing in a relatively low initial glucose concentration, or non-glucose carbohydrate, including some of that previously accumulated within the cell, if it had been growing in a high initial glucose concentration. This difference in metabolic pattern could explain why cytochrome derepression was initiated soon after glucose uptake ceased only if initial glucose had been relatively low. The effects of glucose and dissolved oxygen concentrations on yeast cytochromes and respiratory activity are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130202
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of the metabolism of a partially colloidal substrate (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 10 (1968), S. 189-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of a complex, partially colloidal substrate is divided into oxidation (fo) and synthesis (fs) fractions. The substrate being investigated is a suspension containing 10 mg./l. of dry skim milk. The oxidized and synthesized fractions of the BOD are shown to be 38.4% and 61.6%, respectively. The division of BOD is related to the time at which maximum cell growth appears. The time required to obtain maximum cell production is shown to be at least 10 hr. The relationship between the time to maximum cell production and the apparent initial activity of the seed organisms is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260100207
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen transfer into mycelial pellets (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 8 (1966), S. 456-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260080311
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The electroinitiated polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole with zinc bromide, IIPart I: cf.12.. Kinetics of polymerization (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 169 (1973), S. 177-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die elektroinitiierte Polymerisation von N-Vinylcarbazol (VCZ) wurde in Aceton bei 25°C mit Zinkbromid als Katalysator unter Verwendung von Platinelektroden eingehend untersucht. Die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit erwies sich als direkt abhängig von der Stromstärke, der Zinkbromid-Konzentration und dem anfänglichen Wassergehalt des Solvens.Die Molekulargewichte der entstandenen Polymeren (1000-6000) sind unabhängig von der Stromstärke, der Zinkbromid-Konzentration und dem Umsetzungsgrad des Monomeren zum Polymeren, werden jedoch beeinflußt durch Wasser, die Monomerkonzentration und das Elektrodenmaterial. Die chemische Zusammensetzung der Polymeren ändert sich nicht mit der Stromstärke, der Zinkbromid-Konzentration, dem Umsetzungsgrad und dem Elektrodenmaterial. Sie ändert sich jedoch ein wenig mit dem Wassergehalt des Acetons.
    Notes: The electroinitiated polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (VCZ) in acetone solvent at 25°C with zinc bromide, as catalyst, and platinum electrodes was investigated in detail. The polymerization rate was found to be directly dependent on current strength, zinc bromide concentration and the initial water content of the solvent.The molecular weights of the formed polymers (1000-6000) are independent of current strength, zinc bromide concentration and degree of conversion of monomer to polymer, but are affected by water, monomer concentration, and by the type of electrodes used. The chemical composition of the polymer is invariant with current strength, zinc bromide concentration, degree of conversion, and electrode material but does vary slightly with the water content of acetone.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1973.021690117
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