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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stationary carbon cathodic arc: Plasma and film characterization (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 2237-2244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The plasma characteristics of a new arc mode on carbon referred to as the "stationary cathodic arc'' are reported. Particularly, optical emission spectroscopy, probe and ion energy distribution measurements are used to compare the properties of the stationary arc with the normal "random cathodic arc'' on carbon. The measurements revealed that the plasma properties of both arc modes are similar. In addition, we have correlated the plasma characteristics to the film properties. Carbon films deposited using the stationary arc were found to have a surface particle density equivalent to those deposited using the filtered cathodic vacuum arc. The macro-particle free films were found to be highly tetrahedral and compressively stressed. Both the sp3 fraction and stress values were strongly dependent on the ion energy with maximum values of 85% and 9.4 GPa, respectively, occurring at ≈50 eV. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362656
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion energy and plasma characterization in a silicon filtered cathodic vacuum arc (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 1287-1291 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The plasma generated by a silicon filtered cathodic vacuum arc has been investigated using a Faraday cup and Langmuir probes. Ion energy distributions for arc currents ranging from 30 to 80 A were measured. Mean ion energies were found to range from 8 to 18 eV. The ion saturation current density varied from 0.1 to 1 mA/cm2 depending on both the arc and filter coil currents. The energy distributions were fitted by a sum of Gaussians spaced according to the gas dynamic model for ion acceleration at the cathode spot. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362654
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seven-membered Ring Compounds. IX. Benzosuberoneglyoxylates (1955)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 77 (1955), S. 598-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01608a023
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition of smooth tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin films using a cathodic arc without a macroparticle filter (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 894-896 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is shown that for a cathode consisting of compressed graphite powder, the cathodic arc discharge is confined within deep erosion holes and the macroparticle emission is greatly reduced. Electron energy loss spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy show that smooth tetrahedral amorphous carbon films with up to 85±10% sp3 bonding can be deposited without the use of magnetic filters. The new carbon arc discharge process holds potential for deposition of smooth tetrahedral amorphous carbon films on large area substrates due to the elimination of the magnetic filtering stage. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114728
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition of tetrahedral hydrogenated amorphous carbon using a novel electron cyclotron wave resonance reactor (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1314-1316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Highly tetrahedral hydrogenated amorphous carbon (ta-C:H) is deposited with a novel, 13.6 MHz excited electron cyclotron wave resonance (ECWR) plasma source. The ion flux of an acetylene and a nitrogen plasma was investigated by mass spectrometry and retarding field measurements. The ECWR gives a dissociation degree between 15% and 80% depending on gas flow rate. Ion current densities up to 2 mA/cm2 can be achieved, corresponding to ta-C:H deposition rates of 2 nm/s. The fraction of sp3 bonded carbon atoms and mass density are strongly related to the amount of hydrogen in the ion flux. For low hydrogen ion fluxes (10%), a sp3 fraction of 70% and a mass density of 2.85 g/cm3 can be achieved. At higher hydrogen ion fluxes (40%), the sp3 fraction and the mass density fall to 55% and 2.55 gm/cm3, respectively. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121069
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of bias-enhanced nucleation of diamond on Si (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 3287-3289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The nucleation of diamond on Si is enhanced for negative substrate bias of 200–250 V. We show that the ion flux is the critical factor causing the enhanced nucleation. The ion energy distribution has a maximum at about 80 eV, the optimum to subplant C ions into a-C. We propose that subplantation causes deposition of nanocrystalline graphitic C, and that diamond nucleates where the graphitic planes are locally oriented perpendicular to the surface. An atomic model is proposed that allows a matching of the diamond, graphite, and Si lattice. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113732
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Highly tetrahedral, diamond-like amorphous hydrogenated carbon prepared from a plasma beam source (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 2797-2799 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A highly tetrahedral, diamond-like form of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) with density of 2.9 g cm−3, sp3 fraction of 0.75, and hardness of 61 GPa, the highest values so far attained from a hydrocarbon source gas, has been deposited from acetylene in a novel plasma beam source. The ion energy for highest sp3 fraction is measured to be about 100 eV per C atom, similar to that for a-C, indicating that the subplantation deposition model of a-C also describes a-C:H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111428
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Kinetics of Acetylcholine Turnover in a Resting Cholinergic Nerve Terminal and the Magnitude of the Cytoplasmic Compartment (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 38 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The magnitude of the cytosolic pool of acetylcholine in the cholinergic electromotor nerve terminals of Torpedo marmorata has been calculated to be 22 ± 3% of the total by comparing the isotopic ratio of acetylcholine with that of choline when slices of electric organ were incubated with 10 μM deuterated choline. The calculation is based on a two-compartment model that assumes the presence, in unstimulated tissue, of a vesicular pool of acetylcholine that does not exchange, under resting conditions, with a second cytosolic pool; the latter, by contrast, is subject to ‘futile recycling’ and comes into isotopic equilibrium with the tissue choline pool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07889.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT UNDER VARIOUS CATIONIC CONDITIONS ON ACETYLCHOLINE CONTENT AND CHOLINE TRANSPORT IN RAT WHOLE BRAIN SYNAPTOSOMES (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 31 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of different ionic environments were measured on the concentration of acetyl-choline (ACh) from synaptosomes and their effect on subsequent high affinity choline (Ch) transport and ACh synthesis after resuspension of the synaptosomes in the normal Krebs medium. KCl (40 mM) was used to induce ACh release and reduce synaptosomal ACh content. The effects of Na+ omission, Ca2+ omission, and high Mg2+ on spontaneous (KC1: 4.75 mM) and potassium induced (KC1: 40 mM) ACh release and other cholinergic parameters are presented. The high affinity transport of Ch was more highly correlated with the reciprocal of the ACh level (r= 0.934, P= 9.7 × 10-4) than with the ACh release rate during preincubation (r= 0.792, P= 3.4 × 10-2). The results are consistent with the view that the consequences of the various ionic conditions on Ch transport and ACh synthesis are dependent on their effects on intrasynaptosomal ACh levels and only secondarily on synaptosomal ACh release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb00112.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REGULATION OF ACETYLCHOLINE SYNTHESIS: CONTROL OF CHOLINE TRANSPORT AND ACETYLATION IN SYNAPTOSOMES (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 30 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The high affinity transport of choline (Ch) and the synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) were measured in synaptosomes by measuring the utilization of [2H4]Ch. The synthesis of ACh was reduced under several conditions which reduce the availability of acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) including no glucose added, replacement of glucose with succinate or impairment of glucose utilization by bromopyr-uvate, NaCN, or pentobarbital. These conditions did not reduce the amount of unacetylated [2H4]Ch in the synaptosomes indicating that the high affinity transport of Ch is not directly coupled to the synthesis of ACh.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1978.tb12386.x
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