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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distributions of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in bladder cancer – proline form is prominent in invasive tumor (2000)
    Springer
    Urological research 28 (2000), S. 293-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Schlagwort(e): Key words p53 codon 72 polymorphism ; Bladder cancer ; Proline form ; Arginine form
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Abnormal function of p53 is commonly associated with various cancer formations. High-grade and late-stage bladder cancers have been reported to have mutated or become inactive p53 when using immunohistochemical stains. Recently, p53 codon 72 polymorphism was extensively studied to determine the risk factors responsible for cancer formation. There was a general population of codon 72 sequence polymorphism of the wild type p53. A single base change from G to C caused the alteration of amino acid residue 72 from arginine to proline. The arginine form is considered to be a significant risk factor in the development of cancer. However, various reports had indicated discrepancies with regard to this polymorphism; some showed no significant difference between the control and cancer groups, while other series were associated with high risks in the proline form homozygotes. To resolve the undefined distribution of this polymorphism in bladder cancers, 58 patients with bladder cancer were enrolled onto this study. When checked using the Chi-squared test (P=0.952) there were no differences between the control subjects and bladder cancer patients in the distribution of polymorphism. However, proline form homozygotes were more frequently found in the invasive group than the non-invasive group by Fisher's exact test (25% and 2.9%, respectively, P 〈 0.001). More than 70% of the non-invasive bladder cancers were the arginine form homozygotes. This result is consistent with those reported for hepatocellular carcinoma that showed a history of chronic liver disease and proline form homozygotes in a report by Yu et al. Our data suggest that proline form homozygotes are associated with invasive bladder cancer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002400000117
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optimal stochastic scheduling of systems with Poisson noises (1987)
    Springer
    Applied mathematics & optimization 15 (1987), S. 187-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0606
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract We consider the problem of optimal stochastic scheduling for nonlinear systems with Poisson noise disturbances and a performance index including both operating costs and costs for scheduling changes. In general, the value functions of the dynamic programming, quasi-variational inequalities which define the optimality conditions for such problems are not differentiable. However, we can treat them as “viscosity solutions” as introduced by Crandall and Lions. Existence and uniqueness questions are studied from this point of view.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01442652
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Max-min controllability in pursuit games with norm-bounded controls (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 37 (1982), S. 89-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Schlagwort(e): Max-min controllability ; pursuit games ; norm-bounded controls ; minimal time ; optimal norm
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract In this article, we consider max-min controllability in linear pursuit games with norm-bounded controls. Our approach is based on the separation theorem of disjoint compact convex sets in Euclidean space. Necessary and sufficient conditions for max-min controllability are given in terms of an explicit relative controllability expression which, in a sense, is a comparison between the control capabilities of the competing parties. Minimal time and optimal norm problems are investigated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934368
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Almost Sure Convergence of the Numerical Discretization of Stochastic Jump Diffusions (2000)
    Springer
    Acta applicandae mathematicae 62 (2000), S. 225-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9036
    Schlagwort(e): jump diffusion ; Stratonovich–Taylor expansion ; exponential Lie series ; Philip Hall basis ; shuffle product ; almost sure convergence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract Based on the shuffle product expansion of exponential Lie series in terms of a Philip Hall basis for the stochastic differential equations of jump-diffusion type, we can establish Stratonovich–Taylor–Hall (STH) schemes. However, the STHr scheme converges only at order r in the mean-square sense. In order to have the almost sure Stratonovich–Taylor–Hall (ASTH) schemes, we have to include all the terms related to multiple Poissonian integrals as the moments of multiple Poissonian integrals always have lower orders of magnitudes as compared with those of multiple Brownian integrals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006495115904
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterizing the silica deposition vesicle of diatoms (1989)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 151 (1989), S. 158-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Lectins ; Mannose ; Silica deposition vesicles ; Ditylum brightwellii
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The present study on a centric diatom,Ditylum brightwellii, includes two parts: detection of sugars in the silica deposition vesicle (SDV) with lectins and labeling the developing siliceous cell wall in the SDV with rhodamine 123. Cells with developing valves are treated with SDS to remove all the cytoplasmic contents, then either stained with fluorescein labeled lectins or thin-sectioned and stained with colloidal gold labeled lectins. The results show that mannose is part of the organic matrix in the SDV. Rhodamine 123, a non-toxic fluorescent laser dye, enters the cell immediately and is trapped in the SDV probably by the high reducing potential of the SDV. Silica is co-deposited with rhodamine 123 in the SDV, and the resulting valves and girdle bands become fluorescent. Implications of this study for the mechanism of silicification are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403453
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Efficient higher-order backward characteristics schemes for transient advection (1994)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 19 (1994), S. 997-1012 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Schlagwort(e): Advection ; Method of characteristics ; Finite difference ; Flux limiter ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The use of the highest-order ((N - 1)th-order) Lagrangian interpolation Polynomial for the approximation of the exact solution in the backward characteristics scheme with N nodes is inefficient owing to the excessive number of terms in the polynomial. New schemes based on a combination of lower-order polynomials to approximate the exact solution are developed, with the relative weighting of the polynomials determined by Fourier mode analysis. With the addition of a flux limiter and a modified discriminator, the resulting schemes are oscillation-free, highly accurate, efficient and more cost-effective as compared with those schemes using the highest-order Lagrangian polynomial.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650191104
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF TURBULENT SHALLOW RECIRCULATING FLOWS BY A QUASI-THREE-DIMENSIONAL k-∊MODEL (1996)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 23 (1996), S. 485-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Schlagwort(e): shallow recirculating flow ; multilayer model ; turbulence model ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: A quasi-three-dimensional multilayer k- ∊ model has been developed to simulate turbulent recirculating flows behind a sudden expansion in shallow waters. The model accounts for the vertical variation in the flow quantities and eliminates the problem of closure for the effective stresses resulting from the depth integration of the non-linear convective accelerations found in the widely used depth- integrated models. The governing equations are split into three parts in the finite difference solution: advection, dispersion and propagation. The advection part is solved using the four-node minimax-characteristics method. The dispersion and propagation parts are treated by the central difference method, the former being solved explicitly and the latter implicitly using the Gauss-Seidel iteration method. The relative effect of bed-generated turbulence and transverse shear-generated turbulence on the recirculating flow has been studied in detail. In comparison with the results computed by the depth-integrated k-∊ model, the results computed by the present model are found to be closer to the reported data.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Least-squares characteristics and finite elements for advection-dispersion simulation (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 29 (1990), S. 1343-1358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The method of characteristics is combined with the method of least-squares to solve the advection equation within the finite element framework. Fourier mode analysis shows that the numerical scheme is stable and accurate even when a linear basis function is used. However, in practical application, the involvement of using numerical quadrature in this method can produce numerical instability, depending on the value of the Courant number used. It is found that using C1 continuous Hermitian cubic basis functions in the scheme reduces the degree of instability significantly and produces high accuracy. When being used in a split-operator approach, this method combines naturally with the standard finite element method and results in a highly accurate scheme for advection-dispersion simulation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620290615
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Error study on numerical approximation of radiation boundary condition for one-dimensional wave equation (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 475-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The radiation boundary condition is frequently used at the artificial outflow boundary created in the numerical computation of fluid flow problems to allow outgoing waves to leave the domain undisturbed. However, the numerical approximation of the radiation boundary condition will produce errors which will affect the interior solution. In this work the errors due to two different numerical approximations of the radiation boundary condition are studied, with the one-dimensional wave equation being used as the model equation. A theoretical analysis shows that: (a) if the numerical approximation of the boundary condition generates a celerity error, a reflected wave with amplitude proportional to the size of the celerity error is produced; (b) if the numerical approximation of the boundary condition generates a numerical diffusion and hence an amplitude damping error, a reflected wave with amplitude proportional to the magnitude of the numerical diffusion is produced. A modification of the Sommerfeld radiation boundary condition to account for the linear bottom friction effect is investigated. Numerical experiments show that the use of the backward characteristics scheme with quadratic interpolation is able to reduce significantly the reflection of the wave at the outflow boundary and that the scheme is unconditionally stable.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090604
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evidence concerning the morphogenesis of saccular receptors in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)Research sponsored by the Joint Services Electronics Program, Contract F44620-71-C-0087 and the United States Public Health Service, National Institute of Health, grant GM-17523-02. (1973)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 139 (1973), S. 351-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: A dichotomy of hair-cell types has been found in the bullfrog sacculus, and considerable evidence supports the view that one type (“peripheral”) is transformed during macular growth to the other type (“central”). Between the periphery and the center of the macula, one finds a gradation of form from “peripheral” to “central” type. Occasionally in adults and more often in stage-26 tadpoles one finds the presumably younger peripheral type of hair cell occurring well beyond the limits of the macula proper. The apparent morphogenic sequence for saccular hair cells is (1) development of a kinocillum on an endolymphatic epithelial cell, (2) gradual transformation of microvilli into stereocilia, (3) growth of the stereocilia and development of kinociliary bulb, (4) achievement of final size and form.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051390305
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