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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (38)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (38)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation grafting of α,β,β-trifluoroethylenesulfonyl fluoride onto low-density polyethylene film by simultaneous irradiation method. I. Kinetic study of simultaneous-irradiation grafting (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 55-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: α,β,β-Trifluoroethylenesulfonyl fluoride (TFESF) was grafted onto polyethylene (PE) film by a simultaneous-irradiation method. The influences of the grafting conditions were analyzed kinetically. The dependencies of the grafting rate on the dose rates and monomer concentrations ranging from 10 to 75% were found to be of 1 and 0 order, respectively. The overall activation energy for the graft polymerization was 2.05 × 104 J/mol. The grafting rate was found to be independent of the film thicknesses ranging from 25 to 100 μm.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070360105
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation grafting of α,β,β-trifluorostyrene onto various polymer films by preirradiation method (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 2165-2168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370808
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoplastic elastomer by radiation grafting. I. Evaluation of processability of natural rubber grafted methyl methacrylate (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 883-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Processability of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) prepared by radiation-induced grafting of methyl methacrylate (MMA) onto radiation vulcanized natural rubber latex (RVNRL) has been evaluated using a kneader and a hot roll mill at 150°C. It was found that mixing time and revolution rate (rpm) of the kneader have significantly affected the processability. The longer mixing time and the higher revolution rate result in better processability. In such processing conditions, however, the mechanical properties were found to be inferior because the molecular chain scissions occurred during the mixing. A considerable improvement of mechanical properties was obtained when the mixing was carried out without added process oils. Blends of the grafted vulcanized natural rubber latex (RVNRL-g-PMMA) and MMA grafted on unvulcanized natural rubber latex (NRL-g-PMMA) improved processability where the better processability could be achieved at a shorter mixing time and a lower revolution rate. In addition, a comparable value of mechanical properties was obtained.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070430505
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gel permeation chromatography of polyoxymethylene (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 1927-1942 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Gel permeation chromatography of polyoxymethylene has been studied using N,N-dimethylformamide as the solvent. Polyoxymethylene samples used here are a copolymer of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane and a commercial polyoxymethylene whose molecular weight distributions are moderately broad. Their intrinsic viscosities [η] range from 1.4 to 2.8 dl/g. Factors affecting chromatograms are discussed, and the operating conditions were determined by using the analytical scale GPC. On the basis of these operating conditions, the molecular weight fractionation of polyoxymethylene was carried out by using the preparative scale GPC. It was found that polyoxymethylene can be effectively fractionated to give seven to ten fractions each of them containing the fractionated polymer ranging in weight from 0.2 to 8 mg when 40 mg polymer sample was used for a run of the measurement. The fractionated polymers were also found to have a narrow molecular weight distribution within a single peak, and their Mw/Mn values decrease with increasing molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180703
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodine-initiated, solid-state copolymerization of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane in the presence of methylal. III. Study on larger-scale copolymerization (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 735-748 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The iodine-initiated, solid-state copolymerization of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane in the presence of methylal has been studied using 15 l kneader-type reactor. Effects of the addition method of the 1,3-dioxolane-methylal solution on the copolymerization has been mainly discussed. The copolymerization rate, intrinsic viscosity, and thermal stability of the copolymer were found to be largely dependent on the addition method of the 1,3-dioxolane-methylal solution, i.e., if the solution is added all at once, properties of the copolymer are different at the early stage then at the later stage of the copolymerization, while on successive addition of the solution, the copolymer properties become almost constant irrespective of the polymerization time. Therefore, it was suggested that 1,3-dioxolane and methylal can easily diffuse through the copolymer layer formed on the surface of the tetraoxane particle and reacts with an active center as copolymerization proceeds.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210314
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodine-initiated, solid-state copolymerization of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane in the presence of methylal. VIII. Mechanical properties of copolymer (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 3421-3426 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Copolymers obtained by the solid-state copolymerization of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane were pelletized using a vent-type extruder and the mechanical properties were measured. The mechanical properties were found to be largely influenced by the distributions of molecular weight and ethylene oxide, which were controlled by the addition method of the 1,3-dioxolane-methylal solution into polymeric system. The mechanical properties of the copolymers were also found to be intermediate between those of Duracon M90 and Delrin 500.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070231125
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The study on radiation grafting of acrylic acid onto fluorine-containing polymers. III. Kinetic study of preirradiation grafting onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene) (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 535-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A kinetic study has been made on the preirradiation grafting of acrylic acid (AAc) onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) film. The effect of grafting conditions was investigated. The dependencies of the grafting rate on preirradiation dose and monomer concentration were found to be 0.58 and 1.25 order, respectively. The overall activation energy for the graft polymerization was 7.4 kcal/mol. The final degree of grafting increased with preirradiation dose and monomer concentration and slightly decreased as the grafting temperature was elevated. The relationship between the grafting rate and film thickness gave a negative first-order dependency, which is in agreement with that obtained for polytetrafluoroethylene - AAc grafting system. It was reasonably concluded that this grafting proceeds from the surface to the center of film with progressive monomer diffusion through the grafted layer which swells in the monomer solution.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270217
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft polymerization of acrylic acid onto polyethylene film by preirradiation method. II. Effects of oxygen at irradiation, storage time after irradiation, mohr's salt, and ethylene dichloride (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1043-1051 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In the grafting of acrylic acid onto polyethylene by preirradiation method, the irradiation in air gave a higher rate of grafting than in N2, since the diffusion rate of monomer is larger for less crosslinked polyethylene. The rate of grafting decreased with increasing time of storaging polyethylene because of the decay of trapped radicals. The effects of storage conditions on the grafting activity was reasonably interpreted by assuming that grafting is predominantly controlled by both concentration of trapped radicals and monomer diffusibility in the polymer matrix. Mohr's salt was found to depress the homopolymerization of acrylic acid without marked change of grafting rate. The rate of grafting was increased by the addition of ethylene dichloride due to the increase in monomer diffusion.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270323
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodine-initiated, solid-state copolymerization of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane in the presence of methylal. IV. Fractional dissolution of copolymer (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 749-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A fractional dissolution on the oxymethylene copolymer obtained by the iodine-initiated, solid-state copolymerization of the tetraoxane-1,3-dioxolane-methylal system has been carried out using a mixed solvent which consists of tetrachloroethane, phenol, and cyclohexanol. On the fractional dissolution, the oxymethylene copolymer was divided mainly into two parts: one was the copolymer containing a larger amount of ethylene oxide unit in its main chain and having lower molecular weight; the other was copolymer containing a smaller amount of ethylene oxide unit and having a higher molecular weight. It was reasonably concluded that in this copolymerization system, the reaction proceeds from the surface to the center of the tetraoxane crystal to give a divided copolymer due to the heterogeneous properties such as copolymer composition and molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210315
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodine-initiated, solid-state copolymerization of tetraoxane with 1,3-dioxolane in the presence of methylal. VI. Studies on copolymer composition (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 3395-3409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In order to elucidate the mechanism of copolymerization of tetraoxane-1,3-dioxolane, the consumption rate of 1,3-dioxolane was measured by using gas chromatography, and the copolymer composition was determined by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that 1,3-dioxolane is rapidly consumed in the early stage of copolymerization if 1,3-dioxolane is added at once. The copolymer thus obtained is characterized by a heterogeneous distribution of 1,3-dioxolane in the copolymer chain. However, if 1,3-dioxolane is added continuously during the progress of the copolymerization, the distribution and content of 1,3-dioxolane in the copolymer chain was found to be very homogeneous.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070231123
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