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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review article: the management of primary sclerosing cholangitis (1997)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by a progressive obliterating fibrosis of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. The pathogenesis of PSC is poorly understood but it is thought to be an immune-mediated disease. The optimal therapy which successfully improves symptoms, delays progression towards liver failure and transplantation and prevents the onset of cholangiocarcinoma remains elusive. Although current treatments are used to manage cholestasis and its consequences and some of the more general complications of the disease, none of the current therapeutic agents have been shown to retard and reverse the rate of disease progression. The role of cupruretics, corticosteroids, methotrexate, anti-fibrogenic agents and ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of PSC is reviewed. Orthotopic liver transplantation remains the only therapeutic option for advanced PSC but the timing of transplantation remains controversial and the possibility of recurrence of the disease in the graft is increasingly recognised. It is likely that greater insight into the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in PSC will allow therapy to be targetted more specifically at the biliary epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1997.91263000.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biology of interleukin-5 and its relevance to allergic disease (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04561.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population structure in the pan-oceanic wreckfish, Polyprion americanus (Teleostei: Polyprionidae), as indicated by mtDNA variation (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 49 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The wreckfish Polyprion americanus, a large [〉1 m total length (LT)] demersal teleost, is distributed globally in temperate waters, including both sides of the North and South Atlantic Oceans, the Mediterranean, the western South Pacific, and the southern Indian Ocean. Wreckfish spawn off the south-eastern U.S. on an area of the Blake Plateau (the Charleston Bump) characterized by an extensive ridge having approximately 100 m relief, in 450–600 m depths. Juvenile wreckfish (〈60 cm LT) are pelagic and, in the North Atlantic, are not reported from the Blake Plateau fishing area, but occur in by-catch and fishery landings in the eastern Atlantic. Analysis of nine restriction fragment length profiles from a PCR-amplified fragment (∼1.5 kb) of the ND1 mitochondrial gene indicated no stock separation between eastern North Atlantic (Azores, Majorca, Madeira), and western North Atlantic (Blake Plateau) wreckfish. Restriction site differences separate western South Atlantic wreckfish from the North Atlantic; however, South Atlantic wreckfish share restriction-site similarities with western Pacific wreckfish that are not shared with North Atlantic wreckfish. North Atlantic circulation provides a mechanism for a long-lived pelagic stage to be dispersed from Blake Plateau spawning grounds to the eastern North Atlantic. Global circulation patterns may explain both the dispersal of mtDNA haplotypes and the disjunct distribution of wreckfish body lengths in a temperate, deep-water vagile species with an extended pelagic juvenile stage such as wreckfish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb06085.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronal temperatures and temperature gradients from OSO-7 spectroheliograms (1976)
    Springer
    Solar physics 47 (1976), S. 611-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Temperatures and temperature gradients for the outer corona are obtained from brightness gradients of EUV lines that were measured with the spectroheliograph on OSO-7. Brightness gradients show considerable deviations from isothermal model calculations that include collisional excitation and photoexcitation. A negative temperature gradient that gives both positive and negative ion abundance gradients appears to be able to account for the discrepancy. For λ284 of Fe xv, perhaps the strongest line from the outer corona, measurements during 1972 appear to be consistent with (i) a temperature near 2.3×106K near the equator at ϱ = 1.3±0.1 solar radii from the solar center; (ii) (ϱ/T) dT/dϱ values near -0.7 that extend from as low as ϱ = 1.2 to about ϱ = 1.8. Temperatures from strong lines of Fe xiv and Fe xvi indicate that variations of about ±0.2×106K exist along lines of sight where emission is appreciable. There appears to be some agreement between these results and temperature measurements from ion abundances in the solar wind and Doppler width of λ5303.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00154770
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OSO-7 results on coronal emission near 304 Å (1975)
    Springer
    Solar physics 43 (1975), S. 337-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spectral composition and spatial distribution of equatorial coronal emission near 304 Å is examined. Spectral scans indicate that the predominant line is from Si xi. Comparisons of observations with calculations of intensity changes with altitude indicate that collisional excitation is important near the Sun but that photoexcitation becomes dominant beyond about 1.3 R ⊙ from the solar center. Observed and calculated intensities are in approximate agreement for abundances and electron densities that are within the range of observed values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00152358
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On coronal Fe abundances and temperatures from XUV emission lines (1977)
    Springer
    Solar physics 53 (1977), S. 435-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Data obtained by the OSO-7 spectroheliograph on strong XUV lines of five, different Fe ions from the outer equatorial corona are presented. Interpretation of the data with a spherically symmetric model atmosphere gives average ion abundances for lines of sight at 0.3R ⊙ from the limb. Fe xvi is usually more abundant than Fe xv, xiv, xii and ix, but there are times when Fe xii is more abundant than the other ions. The deviation of measured relative abundances of Fe xii, xiv, and xvi from predictions of ionization equilibrium at one temperature seems to indicate that there are appreciable temperature variations along lines of sight. Element abundances are very uncertain since they appear to depend so heavily on likely but unknown density irregularities along lines of sight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160286
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Simple Form of Tide Predictor (1903)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 68 (1903), S. 322-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FOR the past four years a very simple form of tide-predicting machine, the invention of Captain A. Inglis, the harbour-master, has been in use at Port Adelaide for the construction of the yearly published tide tables. The tides at Port Adelaide are rather peculiar in their behaviour, this being ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/068322a0
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tides at Port Darwin (1903)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 68 (1903), S. 295-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ALONG the north-west coast of Australia the tidal wave, flowing in from the Indian Ocean, produces at most places a large rise and fall. At Port Darwin the mean spring range is about 24 feet, but the range is sometimes as much as 30 feet. A tide gauge of Lord Kelvin's pattern was set up here by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/068295b0
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geochemical and structural evolution of micas in the Rožná and Dobrá Voda pegmatites, Czech Republic (1995)
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 55 (1995), S. 177-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In 11 bis 60 Proben von Biotit, Muskovit und Lepidolith aus den Pegmatiten von Rožná (Typlokalität des Lepidoliths; 323 ± 9 Ma) in Westmähren wurden Chemie, Struktur-parameter, Polytypie, optische Eigenschaften und Rb-Sr-Isotopie untersucht. An beiden Lokalitäten wird früher Biotit an Endokontakten nach Innen von Muskovit und Lepidolith gefolgt, letzterer ist in und um den Kern konzentriert. In Rožná folgt 1M-Lepidolith auf 2M1-Muskovit, aber alle späteren Lepidolithgenerationen sind 2M2, nahe Tri50Ply50 und zum Teil mit 2M1-Muskovit vergesellschaftet. In Dobrá Voda sind alle Lepidolithe vom Typ 1M und frei von Muskovit, die späten Varietäten kommen Tri50Ply50 nahe. An beiden Lokalitäten ist während des Fortschreitens der Glimmerkristallisation eine Tendenz von steigendem μHF angezeigt, die in der Ausfällung von Topas ihren Höhepunkt findet. Die Polytypie des Lepidoliths kann nicht mit irgendeiner Eigenheit der Zusammensetzung oder des Wachstums korreliert worden, auch nicht mit einer Kombination von diesen. Während der ganzen Glimmerkristallisation nimmt Rb/Cs ab, aber die Tendenz von K/Rb ändert sich nach anfänglichem Abfall. Das Bor verteilt sich bevorzugt auf den Muskovit (bis zu 1.10 Gew. -% B2O3), aber die Be-, Zn-, Mn- und Sc-Gehalte sind im Lepidolith erhöht. Ein leichter Ansteig von Fe, Ba und Cl in der letzten Lepidolithgeneration könnte vielleicht durch eine Mischung von pegmatitischen Restlösungen mit metamorphen Porenlösungen verursacht sein.
    Notes: Summary The chemistry, structural parameters, polytypism, optical properties and Rb-Sr isotopes were examined in 11 to 60 samples of biotite, muscovite and lepidolite from the pegmatites at Rožná (the type locality of lepidolite; 323 ± 4Ma) and Dobrá Voda (306 ± 9Ma) in western Moravia. At both localities, early endocontact biotite is followed inwards by muscovite and lepidolite, which is concentrated in and around the core. At Rožná, a 1M lepidolite follows after 2M1 muscovite but all later generations of lepidolite are 2M2, close to Tri50 Ply50 and in part associated with muscovite 2M1. At Dobrá Voda, all lepidolite types are 1M and free of muscovite, and the late varieties approximate Tri30 Ply70. At both localities, a trend of increasing μHF is indicated during the progress of mica crystallization, culminating in precipitation of topaz. Polytypism of lepidolite is not correlatable with any compositional or growth feature, or their combination. Throughout the mica crystallization, Rb/Cs decreases but K/Rb becomes reversed after an initial decrease. Boron is partitioned preferentially into muscovite (up to 1.10 wt.% B2O3) but Be, Zn, Mn and Sc are enhanced in lepidolite. A slight increase in Fe, Ba and Cl in the last generation of lepidolite might be possibly due to mixing of residual pegmatite fluids with metamorphic pore solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01162587
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Al (Nb, Ta) Ti(in−2) substitution in titanite: the emergence of a new species? (1995)
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 52 (1995), S. 61-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die AI(Nb, Ta)Ti−2 Substitution im Titanit: Auftauchen einer neuen Mineralspecies? Die höchsten (Nb, Ta) Gehalte, die jemals für Titanit gefunden wurden, werden für den Maršíkov II Pegmatit in Nordmähren, Tschechei, berichtet. Der Intrusivgang ist Teil eines Amphibolit-faziell überprägten Pegmatitschwarms vom Beryll-Columbit Subtypus Der Pegmatit führt u.a. seltene tantalbetonte Rutile verwachsen mit titanbetontem Ixiolith, titanbetontem Columbit-Tantalit, Fersmit and Mikrolith. Deformationsbedingte Frakturen in den (Nb, Ta) Oxiden sind mit Titanit, als Folge der Reaktion der metamorphen Porenlösungen mit den Oxidmineralen, verkittet. Titanit zeigt begrenzte Substitutionen Na(Ta 〉 Nb)(CaTi)−1,(Ta 〉 Nb)4□Ti−4Si−1 and Al(OH, F)(TiO)−1, aber extensive (und gelegentlich einzig bedeutsame) Substitution (Al 〉〉 Fe3+)(Ta 〉 Nb)Ti−2, die eine weitverbreitete, oszillierende Zonierung hervorruft. Diese Substitution verringert den Anteil der Titanit-Komponentesensu stricto, CaTiSiO,O, auf weniger als 50 Mol% in vielen Analysen. Die Extremzusammensetzung entspricht Ca0.994Na0.11) (T10.436Sn0.007Al0.280Fe3+ 0.006Ta0.199Nb0.079)Si0.988O4(O0.974F0.026). Das AusmaB dieser Substitution ist unzureichend, um eine neue Mineralspecies zu definieren.
    Notes: Summary The highest (Nb, Ta) content ever encountered in titanite is reported from the Maršíkov 11 pegmatite in northern Moravia, Czech Republic. This dike is a member of a pegmatite swarm of the beryl-columbite subtype, metamorphosed under conditions of the amphibolite facies. The pegmatite carries, i.a., rare tantalian rutile intergrown with titanian ixiolite, titanian columbite-tantalite, fersmite and microlite. Fissures generated in the Nb, Ta oxide minerals during deformation are filled with titanite, formed by reaction of the oxide minerals with metamorphic pore fluids. The titanite displays limited degrees of substitutions Na(Ta 〉 Nb)(CaTi)−1, (Ta 〉 Nb)4□Ti−4Si−1 and AI(OH, F)(TiO)−1, but an extensive (and occasionally the sole significant) substitution (Al 〉 Fe3+)(Ta 〉 Nb)Ti−2, responsible for widespread oscillatory zoning. This substitution reduces the proportion of the titanite componentsensu stricto, CaTiSiO4,O, to less than 50 mole % in many analyzed spots. The extreme composition corresponds to (Ca0.994Na0.011)(Ti0.436Sn0.007Al0.280Fe3+ 0.006Ta0.199Nb0.079)Si0.988O4(O0.974F0.026). However, so far this substitution fails to generate compositions that would define a new species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01163126
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