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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 44 (1997), S. 207 -213 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Bamboo mosaic virus — Satellite RNA — Satellite-encoded protein — Sequence variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Satellite RNA of bamboo mosaic potexvirus (satBaMV) is a linear RNA molecule which encodes a 20-kDa nonstructural protein. Sequences of seven different satBaMV isolates from bamboo hosts in three genera showed 0.7% to 7.5% base variation which spanned the whole RNA molecule. However, the putative 20-kDa open reading frame was all preserved in these isolates. The phylogenetic relationship based on the nucleotide sequence did not show particular grouping of satBaMV from the host in one genus; neither was the grouping of satBaMV evident by location of sampling. Putative secondary structures of the 3′ untranslated regions showed a basic pattern with conserved hexanucleotides (ACCUAA) and polyadenylation signal (AAUAAA) located in the loop regions. Although the satBaMV-encoded 20-kDa protein is a nonstructural protein, its predicted secondary structure contains eight-stranded β-sheets which may form ``jelly-roll'' structure similar to that found in capsid protein encoded by satellite virus of panicum mosaic virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 307-310 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Artemether ; Thai males; malaria ; dihydroartemisinin ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of artemether and dihydroartemisinin were investigated in eight Thai males following the administration of single oral and intramuscular doses of artemether (300 mg) in a randomized two-way cross-over study. Results: Both oral and intramuscular artemether were well-tolerated. In most cases, artemether and dihydroartemisinin were detected in plasma after 30 min and declined to levels below the limit of detection within 18–24 h. Compared with intramuscular administration, oral administration of artemether resulted in a relatively rapid but incomplete absorption [Cmax: 474 vs 540 ng · ml−1; t max: 2.0 vs 3.9 h; AUC: 2.17 vs 5.20 μg · h · ml−1]. Geographic means of lag-time and absorption half-life (t 1/2a) of oral vs intramuscular artemether were 0.28 and 1.1 h vs 0.30 and 2 h, respectively. t 1/2z was significantly shortened after the oral dose [2.8 vs 6.9 h]. Mean oral bioavailability relative to intramuscular administration was 43.2%. The ratio of the AUCs of artemether to dihydroartemisinin was significantly lower after the oral than after the intramuscular dose (geometric mean: 0.29 vs 0.60).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 48 (1995), S. 65-69 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Paracetamol ; Malaria ; pharmacokinetics ; phase II conjugation ; glucuronidation ; sulphation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Investigations in animals have suggested that conjugation of paracetamol may be reduced in malaria. We have measured plasma concentrations and the urinary excretion of paracetamol and its phase II metabolites in eight Thai patients during uncomplicated falciparum malaria and in convalescence, following a 1000 mg single oral dose. The apparent oral clearance (Malaria, 3.6; Convalescence, 3.9; ml·min−1·kg−1), the elimination half-life (Malaria, 3.8; Convalescence, 3.7 h) and apparent volume of distribution (Malaria, 1.2; Convalescence, 1.2; l·kg−1) of paracetamol were similar during malaria and convalescence. In addition, the urinary excretion of paracetamol and its major phase II metabolites and their formation clearances from paracetamol were not significantly different between the two study phases. These data show that clinical malaria infection has no effect on the conjugation of paracetamol in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 53 (1998), S. 375-376 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Artesunate ; Dihydroartemisinin ; Pharmacokinetics ; Bioequivalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 497-501 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Quinine ; Malaria; pharmacokinetics ; chronic renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Methods: We investigated the pharmacokinetics of quinine (Qn) following administration of a single oral dose of 600 mg Qn sulphate in six male Thai patients with a moderate degree of chronic renal failure (CRF), and six male Thai subjects with normal renal function. Results: The drug was well tolerated in both groups of subjects; no major adverse reactions were observed. A marked alteration in the pharmacokinetics of Qn was found in patients with CRF compared to healthy subjects; there were six signifiicant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters. Absorption was delayed, but increased in CRF (tmax 4.5 vs 1.6 h, Cmax 6.17 vs 3.45 μg ⋅ml−1). Total clearance was significantly reduced (0.94 vs 2.84 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅kg−1, whereas Vz/f remained unchanged (1.82 vs 2.78 l ⋅kg−1). This resulted in the increased values of AUC and prolongation of the t1/2z and MRT in the patients (AUC 181.5 vs 61.8 μg ⋅min−1 ⋅ml−1, t1/2z 26 vs 9.7 h, MRT 36.4 vs 11.3 h). Median concentrations of plasma unbound fraction of Qn collected at 4 h after drug administration in patients and healthy subjects were 7.3 vs 9.8%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 497-501 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Quinine ; Malaria ; pharmacokinetics ; chronic renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Methods: We investigated the pharmacokinetics of quinine (Qn) following administration of a single oral dose of 600 mg Qn sulphate in six male Thai patients with a moderate degree of chronic renal failure (CRF), and six male Thai subjects with normal renal function. Results: The drug was well tolerated in both groups of subjects; no major adverse reactions were observed. A marked alteration in the pharmacokinetics of Qn was found in patients with CRF compared to healthy subjects; there were six signifiicant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters. Absorption was delayed, but increased in CRF (tmax 4.5 vs 1.6 h, Cmax 6.17 vs 3.45 μg·ml−1). Total clearance was significantly reduced 0.94 vs 2.84 ml·min−1·kg−1, whereas Vz/f remained unchanged (1.82 vs 2.78 1·kg−1). This resulted in the increased values of AUC and prolongation of the t1/2z and MRT in the patients (AUC 181.5 vs 61.8 μg·min−1·ml−1, t1/2z 26 vs 9.7 h, MRT 36.4 vs 11.3 h). Median concentrations of plasma unbound fraction of Qn collected at 4 h after drug administration in patients and healthy subjects were 7.3 vs 9.8%, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 10 (1997), S. 138-147 
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Keywords: BPA molecular network model ; finite element formulation ; amorphous glassy circular polymeric bars ; deformation localization development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The BPA eight-chain molecular network model is introduced into the finite element formulation of elastic-plastic large deformation. And then, the tensile deformation localization development of the amorphous glassy circular polymeric bars (such as polycarbonates) is numerically simulated. The simulated results are compared with experimental ones, and very good consistence between numerical simulation and experiment is obtained, which shows the efficiency of the finite element analysis. Finally, the influences of the microstructure parameterS ss on tensile neck-propagation and triaxial stress effect are studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    The @journal of product & brand management 8 (1999), S. 170-184 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Rather than taking the more traditional approach of measuring brand equity for accounting or strategic reasons, the approach taken here is concerned with optimizing brand equity through parsimonious manipulation of the marketing mix. To this end a macro-model is first developed; this model is then operationalized and tested (in terms of predicted versus actual brand share) in three Korean markets. The contribution of the paper lies in the development of a methodology through which management can efficiently build brand power in their markets. The statistical methods (factor analysis and preference regression) are commonly used in commercial research and the research requirements to build such a model are quite modest - the proposed model makes a theoretical contribution but can also be used as a practical managerial tool.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 10 (1997), S. 275-286 
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Sociology
    Notes: Examines the use of the soft systems approach in introducing information technology for an international broadcasting programme. International broadcasting is an important system for transferring knowledge to people in diverse regions. Presents the soft systems methodology in a case example on how the news programme production of an international broadcasting organization in Japan deploys IT. Suggests that any IT deployment should consider the perspectives of IT beneficiaries, IT users, as well as the IT owners. Therefore, all relevant people must be included in the audience of the broadcasts in diverse regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 2516-2519 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A frequency modulated interferometer is developed, which uses a 94 GHz Gunn oscillator and a single sideband (SSB) upconverter as a frequency modulator. An SSB upconverter makes it possible to use a heterodyne phase measurement technique with one mm-wave source. In addition, the influence of frequency drift and phase noise of a mm-wave source on the phase measurement can be reduced. In this work, the performance of a SSB upconverter as a frequency modulator is examined. Also, overall performance of the mm-wave interferometer with a SSB upconverter and line density measurement results in a mirror device are described. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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