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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 30 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Between mid-July and the end of August in 1977 and 1978, wheat bulb flies were caught in white water-traps at 16 oviposition sites in eastern Scotland. The numbers of females caught per site and the subsequent egg populations, estimated from soil-cores from each site, were linearly related. Water-trapping may therefore provide a reliable and early forecast of egg numbers, independent of soil-sampling, and so enable seed treatment to be limited to years when the risk of damage is great.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
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    Unknown
    Canberra : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Quarterly review of the rural economy. 4:1 Supplement (1982:Feb.) 52 
    ISSN: 0156-7446
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: COMMODITY OUTLOOK STATEMENTS
    Notes: Papers presented to the NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL OUTLOOK CONFERENCE 26-28 January 1982. Canberra Theatre
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 36 (1984), S. 253-259 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Noctuidae ; Heliothis punctiger ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; microbial control ; model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'action de Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Thuricide® HPSC WP) contre les chenilles d'Heliothis punctiger Wallengren a été contrôlée sur des graines de luzerne lors d'un essai en plein champ aven un carré latin 4×4. Les doses appliquées correspondaient à 1120, 560 et 112 g/ha. Tandis que les effectifs de chenilles ont augmenté dans les carrés témoins au cours des 4 jours après l'intervention, un grand nombre d'entre elles a été tué sur les 3 types de carrés traités. Les effects des 2 doses les plus élevées ont été semblables; la mortalité sur ces carrés ayant été respectivement de 69 et 71% le 4ème jour. Les grosses chenilles semblent avoir été touchées au même titre que les stades plus jeunes. Un modèle permettant de prévoir la mortalité de l'insecte cible a été appliqué aux données de l'essai en champ. En utilisant les données statistiques sur le taux de consommation des chenilles, la quantité de spores de B. thuringiensis initialement déposée sur le feuillage et le taux d'inactivation des spores exposées aux conditions écologiques, on a pu obtenir une estimation de la dose moyenne de spores ingérée par rapport à la dose médiane de traitement. A partir de cette dose, il a été possible d'évaluer la mortalité espérée des chenilles de 3éme stade dans le champ. La valeur obtenue était 66%, tandis que la mortalité obtenue au bout de 3 jours dans le champ était 71%. La discussion porte sur les conséquences de l'obtention d'une mortalité dans la nature prédictible dans un programme de lutte intégrée.
    Notes: Abstract The effect of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Thuricide® HPSC WP) was tested against larvae of Heliothis punctiger Wallengren on seed lucerne in a 4×4 latin square field trial. Application rates corresponded to 1120, 560 and 112 g/ha. While larval numbers in the control plots increased for 4 days after application, numbers were suppressed in the three treatments. The effect of the two higher rates was similar-mortality in those plots was 69% and 71% respectively on Day 4. Large larvae appeared to be suppressed to the same extent as younger instars. A model for the prediction of target insect mortality was applied to data from the field trail. Using the statistics of feeding rate of larvae, the initial deposit of B. thuringiensis spores on foliage and the rate of inactivation of spores when exposed to environmental conditions, an estimate of average dose of spores ingested at the median application rate was obtained. From this dose the expected mortality in the field for third instar larvae was estimated. This value was 66%, while mortality obtained in the field after 3 days was 71%. The implications of the attainment of predictable field mortality as part of an integrated control programme are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract DNA-mediated transformation of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT)-deficient cells was used to assess the state of the X chromosome Hprt gene in spermatogenic cells. It had been shown previously that DNA from the inactive X chromosome of somatic cells functions poorly or not at all in HPRT transformation, indicating that DNA modification is involved in somatic cell X chromosome inactivation (XCI). In contrast, DNA from mature sperm does function in HPRT transformation suggesting that DNA modification may not be the basis of XCI in mature sperm. In this paper, transformation of HPRT− mouse and hamster cells has been performed to test the nature of XCI during earlier stages of spermatogenesis. DNA from these developing murine germ cells was shown to be capable of HPRT transformation, extending the observation that XCI in sperm does not appear to involve a DNA modification. We also show here that DNA from mature sperm of marsupials functions in HPRT transformation, a result consistent with a role for sperm XCI in the evolution of somatic X inactivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 65 (1983), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 64 (1983), S. 315-333 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eukaryotic genomes contain 5-methylcytosine (5mC) as a rare base. 5mC arises by postsynthetic modification of cytosine and occurs, at least in animals, predominantly in the dinucleotide CpG. The base is not distributed randomly in these genomes but conforms to a pattern. This pattern varies between taxa but appears to be inherited in a semi-conservative fashion. At the level of the genome, gross changes in the level of DNA methylation have been noted. This has encouraged speculation that the modification may play a role in cellular differentiation. Tissue-specific patterns of DNA methylation, predicted by various models of differentiation, have been found for most vertebrate genes so far examined. A correlation has emerged between the undermethylation of these regions and their transcription, but this is not always the case. While data for eukaryotic viral sequences are less equivocal, studies of this kind cannot in isolation distinguish between undermethylation being a cause or a consequence of gene activity. If it were a cause, it is probable that the demethylation of specific CpG sites would be a necessary yet not a sufficient condition for transcription to occur. The introduction of artificially methylated DNA sequences into individual eukaryotic cells by microinjection or transformation may provide the means to elucidate these questions in the future. In the meantime, the study of eukaryotic DNA methylation promises to contribute much to our understanding of the regulation of gene expression in these organisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 67 (1984), S. 111-114 
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 33 (1984), S. 227-232 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; selection ; inbreeding ; maternal inheritance ; kernel color
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Data are presented which support early generation selection for white kernel color in the progeny of red/white kernel wheat crosses which are segregating at 12 or more loci for yield (or any other trait of interest). The optimum generation for selecting white kernels is determined by the frequency of seeds produced with the potential to produce plants having desired quantitative alleles from both parents, and by the frequency of white kernels produced. The F2-produced seed (F3 embryo) is shown to be the optimum generation for selecting white kernels, given that 12 or more loci are segregating for a quantitative character such as yield. When the red parent is a 2 or 3 loci red genotype, selection among F4-produced seed for white kernel color may be desirable when 5 or fewer genes are segregating for the second trait. The results have direct application for all highly heritable, recessive, sporophytic traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 10 (1981), S. 783-788 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 165-175 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A. paraffineus ATCC 19558 grown in MMSM (modified mineral salts medium) containing hydrocarbon produced surfactant, with a maximum CMC-1 value obtained by using hexadecane as the carbon source. No activity of surface active agent in whole broth was observed when glucose was used in the MMSM instead of hexadecane. The biomass concentration obtained with glucose was about 40% of that obtained with hexadecane. Glucose (4%) in the medium contaning hexadecane caused a 27 and 21% decrease of biomass and surfactant concentrations, respectively. In the process of surfactant production, glucose can be used as a carbon source for growth, and hexadecane added later can serve for production of the surface active agent. The optimum temperature for production of surfactant is 27°C.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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