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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 136 (1985), S. 135-145 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mit Polyacrylnitril gepfropfte Stärke wurde aus Stärkegranulat von herkömmlicher Hirse (Penicum Miliaceum, L) hergestellt, und seine Verarbeitungsmöglichkeiten unter Verwendung des Brabender Plasticorders wurden untersucht. Glycerin als bekannter Weichmacher für Stärke ist als Weichmacher für dieses Polymere nicht geeignet. Eine Mischung von 1:1 Stärke : Stärkepfropfpolyacrylnitril und 25% Glycerin kann verarbeitet und zu einem Film extrudiert werden. Die Festigkeit des Films war geringer als die der reinen Stärke. Der Film, der aus dem Pfropfcopolymeren und mit Polymethylmethacrylat gepfropfter Stärke hergestellt war, hatte eine hohe Zugfestigkeit. Über die Daten der Fließaktivierungsenergie, die mit einem Torsionsrheometer erhalten wurden, wird ebenfalls berichtet.
    Notes: Starch-graft-polyacrylonitrile (S-g-PAN) has been prepared from granular starch of common millet (Penicum miliaceum, L) and its processibility has been examined using the Brabender Plasticorder. Glycerine, a known plasticizer for starch does not work as plasticizer for S-g-PAN. A mixture of 1 : 1 starch : S-g-PAN and 25% glycerine can be processed and a film can be extruded. The strength of the film was less than that of pure starch. The film prepared from the mixed graft copolymer of S-g-PAN and S-g-PMA had high tensile strength. The data on flow activation energy obtained from the torque-rheometer are also reported.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 150 (1987), S. 45-64 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde das thermische Verhalten von 12 verschiedenen Stärken und ihren Pfropfcopolymeren mit Polyacrylnitril (PAN) aus dem nativen und gelierten Zustand mit Hilfe der Differentialkaloriemetrie (DSC) und der Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (REM) untersucht. Alle Stärken wiesen zwei endotherme Peaks bei etwa 65 und 260°C und einen exothermen Peak bei ca. 335°C auf. Das Pfropfcopolymere aus nativer Stärke zeigt einen schwachen endothermen Peak um 65°C und einen exothermen bei 300°C, während gelierte Stärke den charakteristischen exothermen Peak von Polyacrylnitril bei 250°C zusammen mit dem exothermen Peak des Propfproduktes bei 300°C aufweist. Um die endothermen Peaks der Stärke bei 65 und 265°C aufzuklären, wurden REM Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Der erste Peak läßt sich durch Dehydratation beim Erhitzen erklären, während der zweite dem Aufschmelzen von Kristalliten in der Stärke zuzuschreiben ist. Eine spezifische Eigenschaft der Hülsenfruchtstärken ist das Festhalten von Feuchtigkeit, selbst wenn sie im gelierten Zustand gepfropft wurden.
    Notes: Thermal behaviour of twelve different starches and their graft copolymers with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) from granular and gelatinized state, has been examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All the starches exhibit two endotherms around 65 and 260°C and an exotherm around 335°C. The graft copolymer from granular starch shows a weak endotherm around 65°C and an exotherm around 300°C, while gelatinized starch exhibits the characteristic exotherm of PAN at about 250°C along with the exotherm of graft product at 300°C. Scanning electron microscopic studies were carried out to explain the endotherms of starch at 65°C and 265°C. The former one may be due to heat of dehydration while the latter one is attributed to the fusion of crystallites in the starch. Legumine starches seem to have a specific property of retaining moisture even if they are grafted in gelatinized state.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 97 (1981), S. 69-77 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Koordinationspolymere von polymeren Schiffschen Basen aus 5,5'-Methylen-bis-salicylaldehyd und 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylmethan mit Kupfer, Nickel, Kobalt, Mangan und Zink wurden hergestellt. Elementaranalysen wurden gemacht, die magnetischen, spektralen und thermischen Eigenschaften und die elektrischen Leitfähigkeiten der Chelate wurden bestimmt und wahrscheinliche Strukturen festgelegt.Die analytischen Daten deuten auf eine Formel [ML]n für die Chelate hin. Die Koordination des Liganden mit den Metallionen wird durch Vergleich der IR-Spekten von Ligand und Polychelaten erlätert. Alle Polychelate sind stabil und unlöslich in den üblichen Lösungsmitteln.
    Notes: Coordination polymers of copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese, and zinc with poly(Schiff base) derived from 5,5'-methylene-bis-salicylaldehyde and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane have been prepared. Elemental analysis, magnetic, spectral, and thermal properties, and electrical conductivities of the chelates have been studied and probable structures assigned to the chelates.The analytical data propose a [ML]n formula for the chelates. The site of coordination of the ligand with metal ions has been elucidated by comparing the IR spectra of the ligand and polychelates. All the polychelates are stable and insoluble in common solvents.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 102 (1982), S. 103-108 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In dieser Arbeit wird die Herstellung von Methylacrylat/N-Phenylmaleimid-Co-polymeren verschiedener Zusammensetzung durch radikalische Polymerisation in Cyclohexanon mit Azoisobutyronitril als Initiator untersucht. Die Molenbrüche für N-Phenylmaleimid der vier Copolymeren MP-1, MP-2, MP-3 und MP-4 sind 0,0664,0,2344, 0,3905 und 0,5445. Die Zusammensetzung der Copolymeren wurde durch Elementaranalyse bestimmt. Weiter wird die änderung der Huggins-Konstante KH mit der Zusammensetzung für die Copolymeren in den Lösungsmitteln Dimethyl-formamid, Methylethylketon und Cyclohexanon beschrieben. KH hängt vom Lösungsmittel und von der Zusammensetzung der Copolymeren ab.
    Notes: This paper deals with the synthesis of methyl acrylate/N-phenylmaleimide copolymers having different compositions, (mole fractions of N-phenylmaleimide for the four copolymers MP-1, MP-2, MP-3, and MP-4 are 0.0664, 0.3905 and 0.5445, respectively) by free radical solution polymerization in cyclohexanone using azoisobutyronitrile as an initiator. The compositions of the copolymers have been determined by elemental analysis. The variation of the Huggins constant KH with composition for the copolymers in three solvents, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethylformamide and cyclohexanone is described. KH is found to be dependent both on solvent and composition of the copolymers.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 99 (1981), S. 35-44 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly[3,5-(1-carboxy-2-hydroxy-phenylen)ethylen] wurde durch eine Friedel-Crafts-Kondensation von Salicylic acid (SA) with 1,2-dichloro ethan (DCE) in Gegenwart von wasserfreiem Aluminiumchlorid hergestellt. Die Polymeren wurden unter Variation des Katalysatoranteils in Gegenwart von Nitrobenzol und Tetrachlorethan hergestellt. Die Polymeren wurden über ihre IR- und UV-Spektren charakterisiert und ihre Molekulargewichte wurden durch VPO und konduktometrische Titration in Pyridin bestimmt. Verschiedene empirischenden Beziehungen wurden angewandt, um die Viskositäten in DMF mit der entsprechenden Konzentrationsfunktion zu korrelieren. Eine TGA-Analyse wurde durchgeführt, um die thermische Stabilität der polymeren Proben zu vergleichen.
    Notes: Poly[3,5-(1-carboxy-2-hydroxy phenylene) ethylene] was prepared by Friedel-Crafts condensation of salicylic acid (SA) with 1,2-dichloro ethane (DCE) in presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride. The polymers were prepared varying the catalyst proportion, also in presence of nitrobenzene and tetrachloro ethane. The polymeric samples were characterized by IR and UV spectra and the molecular weights were determined by VPO and conductometric titration in pyridine. Various empirical relations were applied to correlate the viscosity data in DMF with the appropriate concentration function. TGA analysis was carried out to compare the thermal stability of the polymeric samples.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 165 (1989), S. 47-67 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Respropiophenon-Formaldehyd-Copolymere wurden durch Kondensation von 2,4-Dihydroxypropiophenon (Respropiophenon (RPP)) und Formaldehyd (F) in Gegenwart von NaOH oder H2SO4 als Katalysator mit unterschiedlichen molaren Anteilen der Monomeren hergestellt. Die Copolymeren wurden durch Elementaranalyse, IR-Spektroskopie, Viskositäts- und thermogravimetrische Untersuchungen charakterisiert. Ihr durchschnittliches Molekulargewicht wurde durch nichtwäßrige Leitfähigkeitstitrationen und Dampfdruckosmometrie bestimmt. Die Chelat-Ionenaustauscher-Eigenschaften wurden unter Anwendung der Batch-Gleichgewichtsmethod untersucht. Polychelate von Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), VO(II) und UO2(II) mit RPP-F-AI Copolymeren wurden horgestellt. Die analytischen Daten zeigen eine 1 : 2 Metall-Ligand-Stöchiometrie. Es wurden Elementaranalyse, magnetische, spektroskopische und thermische Eigenschaften der Polychelate ermittelt und mögliche Strukturen der Polychelate aufgezeigt. Alle Polychelate sind amorphe Pulver und unlöslich in den herkömmlichen organischen Lösungsmitteln.
    Notes: Respropiophenone-formaldehyde copolymers (RPP-F) were synthezised by the condensation of 2,4-dihydroxypropiophenone (respropiophenone (RPP)) and formaldehyde (F) in the presence of NaOH or H2SO4 as catalyst with varied molar ratios of reacting monomers. The copolymers were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, viscosity, and TGA studies. Their M̄n was determined by nonaqueous conductometric titrations and vapour pressure osmometry (VPO). Chelation ion-exchange properties have also been studied employing the batch equilibration method. Polychelates of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), VO(II), and UO2(II) with RPP-F-AI copolymer were prepared. The analytical data agree with 1 : 2 metal-ligand stoichiometry. Elemental analysis, magnetic, spectral, and thermal properties of polychelates have been studied and probable structures are assigned to the polychelates. All the polychelates are amorphous powders, insoluble in common organic solvents.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 15 (1991), S. 53-58 
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Long-lived end-chain peroxy radicals have been detected during the thermo-oxidative degradation of PTFE. These radicals are associated with the fine particulate, which is the established cause of the ultra-high toxic potency of PTFE produced under the conditions employed. The particulate has been further characterized by a vareity of thermo-analytical methods. Fluid-flow modelling analysis has been used to simulate the recirculatory behaviour, characteristic of the NIST cup furnace toxicity test, which may effect the continuous regeneration of the toxicity.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 561-566 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyethers are prepared by condensing, respectively, 2,4-dichloroquinoline and its 6-methyl and 6-methoxy derivatives separately with ethylene, propylene, butylene, diethylene and triethylene glycols. These polyethers are characterized and the electrical conductivity of polyethers is measured at various temperatures up to 150°C.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 12 (1983), S. 42-46 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The usual method of polishing the surface of a solid sample for examination using the x-ray microprobe technique cannot be adopted for clay minerals. A modified method is suggested and its validity is tested using vermiculite mineral. It is observed that precision of quantitative elemental analysis increases significantly according to the present pretreatment procedure; variation from values obtained by wet chemical method is 〈 1% for SiO2, MgO and Fe2O3 and 2-3% for the rest. However, values obtained with the x-ray microprobe technique vary enormously from point to point and this non-uniformity is explained in terms of the structural characteristics of the clay mineral. The variation increases with the rise in temperature of treatment due to structural modifications occurring during heat treatment. The x-ray microprobe technique has been found to be quite effective in determination of trace elements such as K and Ti.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2 (1991), S. 197-200 
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Epoxy novolacs ; Glass-reinforced composites ; Mechanical and dielectric properties ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Epoxy Phenolic novolac resins were prepared from the acid catalyzed condensation products of various phenols such as phenol, p-cresol, p-tert-butyl-phenol and cardanol with formaldehyde. All of these resins have been utilized to prepare the glass-reinforced composites. The fabricated composites were evaluated for their mechanical and dielectric properties. The incorporation of an epoxy fortifier yielded a significant improvement in mechanical properties.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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