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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 2698-2708 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal and Molecular Structures of a Ketene, a Thioketene, and a Thioketene S-OxideStarting from the thioketene 8, the corresponding ketene 7 is accessible via oxidative desulfurization by 1-pyrroline 1-oxides and the thioketene S-oxide 9 by oxidation with a peracid: 9 is isolated as a mixture of diastereomers 9a,b, The structures of the heterocumulenes 7,8, and 9a have been determined from X-ray data and refined to R = 0·063 (7), 0·051 (8), and 0·068 (9a), respectively. In accordance with considerations based on hybridisation, the heterocumulene system in 7, 8, and 9a is linear, but the oxygen atom in 9a is bent off in the mirror plane of the molecule. By comparison with literature data, the bond distances in the heterocumulene moiety of 7, 8, and 9a allow insights into the electron-distribution in various classes of heterocumulenes. The comparison of 7, 8, and 9a with one another reveals striklingly low variations of the C = C distance.
    Notes: Ausgehend vom Thioketen 8 sind durch oxidative Entschwefelung mit 1-Pyrrolin-l-oxiden das Keten 7 und durch Persäure-Oxidation das Thioketen-S-oxid 9 zugänglich, das als Diastereomerengemisch 9a, b anfällt. Die Strukturen der Heterocumulene 7,8 und 9a wurden röntgenographisch bestimmt und bis zu R-Werten von 0·063 (7), 0·051 (8) bzw. 0·068 (9a) verfeinert. Im Einklang mit Hybridisierungsvorstellungen ist das Heterocumulensystem in 7, 8 und 9a linear, aber das Sauerstoffatom in 9a in der Spiegelebene des Moleküls abgewinkelt. Die Bindungslängen im Heterocumulenteil von 7,8 und 9a erlauben im Vergleich mit Literaturdaten Aufschlüsse über die Elektronenverteilung in verschiedenen Heterocumulen-Klassen. Der Vergleich von 7,8 und 9a untereinander zeigt auffallend geringe Änderungen im C = C-Abstand.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloaddition Reactions of Heterocumulenes, XXV. Cycloadducts and Rearrangement Products from the Reaction of Isothiocyanates with Ketene AcetalsIsothiocyanates 1 and ketene acetals 2 yield cycloadducts, which starting from sulfonylisothiocyanates 1a-d have to be formulated as 2-iminothietanes 5, starting from arylisothiocyanates 1e-h as 2-azetidinethiones 6. In subsequent or side reactions, rearrangements lead to malonic acid derivatives 4 and thioacrylamides 7; furthermore, 3-imino-3H-1,2-dithiols 10 are generated. Reactions of 2b,c with excess phenylisothiocyanate (1e) on heating afford 2-thiouracils 12, 15, and 16. The constitutions of 10b and 12a could be proven by X-ray structural analyses.
    Notes: Aus Isothiocyanaten 1 und Keten-acetalen 2 entstehen Cycloaddukte, die ausgehend von den Sulfonylisothiocyanaten 1a-d als 2-Iminothietane 5, ausgehend von Arylisothiocyanaten 1e-h als 2-Azetidinthione 6 zu formulieren sind. In Folge- und Nebenreaktionen findet Umlagerung zu Malonsäure-Derivaten 4 und zu Thioacrylamiden 7 statt; außerdem entstehen 3-Imino-3H-1,2-dithiole 10. Umsetzungen von 2b,c mit überschüssigem Phenylisothiocyanat (1e) in der Wärme ergeben 2-Thiouracile 12, 15 und 16. Die Konstitutionen von 10b und 12a konnten durch Röntgenstrukturanalysen bewiesen werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal and Molecular Structure of a Persistent Cyclic Sulfenylcarboxylate without Bond-No Bond-Resonance Stabilization: 5,7-Di-tert-butyl-3H-2,1-benzoxathiol-3-oneThe title compound 10a was synthesized in a hitherto unknown ring contraction reaction. The structure of 10a has been determined from X-ray data and refined to R = 0.04. 10a crystallizes in the rhombic space group Pna21. In the heterocyclic part the molecule is nearly planar. Comparison of 10a with sulfenylcarboxylate 3a and sulfenylcarboxylate 12b indicates the effect of bond-no bond-resonance on molecular parameters.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindung 10a konnte in einer bisher nicht beschriebenen Ringverengungsreaktion dargestellt werden. Die Struktur von 10a wurde röntgenographisch bestimmt und bis zu R = 0.04 verfeinert. 10a kristallisiert in der rhombischen Raumgruppe Pna21. Das Molekül ist im heterocyclischen Teil fast planar. Der Vergleich von 10a mit dem Sulfenylcarboxylat 3a und dem Sulfinylcarboxylat 12b gibt Hinweise auf die Auswirkung von bond-no bond-Resonanz auf die Molekülparameter.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 117 (1984), S. 2205-2225 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 1-Cyanoalkylidene-substituted 1,3-Dithietanones as Cyanothioketene Equivalents. Conversion into 1,3,5-Dithiazin-4-ones and 2-AzetidinethionesThiolation of 3,3-dichloroacrylonitriles 1 leads to dithiolates 3, which can be alkylated to give ketene dithioacetals 5 or acylated with phosgene to yield the title compounds 8. tert-Butyl(cyano)-thioketene (9c) formed via [2 + 2] cycloreversion of 8c was found to be highly unstable. However, dithietanone 8c can be used directly as thioketene equivalent in the reaction with dimethylamine or aminoazirines 28 to give thioamides 12b, 33, 34, and the 3-thiazoline 30. On addition of azomethines 17 or 2-thiazolines 24 to 8c, 1,3,5-dithiazin-4-one derivatives 19 or 25 are formed via nucleophilic attack at C-2 of the four-membered ring. The constitution of 19e was proven by an X-ray structural investigation. In the presence of an electron-rich 6-aryl residue, heterocycles 19 easily eliminate carbon oxide sulfide to give the azetidinethiones 21d - f, h, which can be considered as [2 + 2] cycloadducts of thioketene 9c with azomethines. On heating, 8c and the 2-thiazoline 24b react to give bicyclic 27, whose constitution could be derived from an X-ray study.
    Notes: Die Thiolyse der 3,3-Dichloracrylonitrile 1 führt zu Dithiolaten 3, die sich zu Keten-dithioacetalen 5 alkylieren oder mit Phosgen zu den Titelverbindungen 8 acylieren lassen. Das über die [2 + 2]-Cycloreversion von 8c gebildete tert-Butyl(cyan)thioketen (9c) erwies sich als sehr instabil. Das Dithietanon 8c läßt sich in der Umsetzung mit Dimethylamin oder Aminoazirinen 28 jedoch direkt als Thioketen-Äquivalent verwenden, wobei die Thioamide 12b, 33, 34 und das 3-Thiazolin 30 resultieren. Bei Zugabe von Azomethinen 17 oder 2-Thiazolinen 24 zu 8c werden über nucleophilen Angriff an C-2 des Vierrings 1,3,5-Dithiazin-4-on-Derivate 19 bzw. 25 gebildet. Die Konstitution von 19e wurde durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse bewiesen. Bei Anwesenheit eines elektronenreichen 6-Aryl-Substituenten spalten die Heterocyclen 19 leicht Carbonoxidsulfid ab und geben die 2-Azetidinthione 21d - f, h, die sich als [2 + 2]-Cycloaddukte des Thioketens 9c mit Azomethinen auffassen lassen. In der Wärme reagieren 8c und das 2-Thiazolin 24b zum Bicyclus 27, dessen Konstitution sich aus einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse ergab.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 111 (1978), S. 1475-1485 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloaddition Reactions of Heterocumulenes, XII: Reaction of Persubstituted Isothioureas with IsocyanatesThe isothiourea 1a reacts with the sulfonyl isocyanates 2a-c to give the stable 1,4-dipoles 3a-c, which can be characterized spectroscopically as well as by protonation to yield the ureas 7. For one example (3b) the molecular structure is elucidated by an X-ray structural analysis. The isothioureas 1b-g with bulkier substituents react with 2a, b in a [2 + 2]-cycloreversion to give the isocyanates 5 and the N-sulfonylisothioureas 6. Using (thio)benzoyl isocyanates (2d, e) the same type of reaction leads to the N-(thio)benzoylisothioureas 8.
    Notes: Der Isothioharnstoff 1a reagiert mit den Sulfonylisocyanaten 2a-c zu den stabilen 1,4-Dipolen 3a-c, die sich spektroskopisch sowie durch Protonierung zu den Harnstoffen 7 charakterisieren lassen. An einem Beispiel (3b) wurde die Molekülstruktur durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse aufgeklärt. Die höher substituierten Isothioharnstoffe 1b-g setzen sich mit 2a, b in einer [2 + 2]-Cycloreversion zu den Isocyanaten 5 und den N-Sulfonylisothioharnstoffen 6 um. Mit (Thio)-Benzoylisocyanat (2d, e) entstehen nach dem gleichen Reaktionsprinzip N-(Thio)Benzoylisothioharnstoffe 8.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 1116-1132 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: α-Oxo- and α-Thioxothioamides from Methyl KetonesMixtures of α-(chloro)sulfenyl chlorides 5 and trisulfides 6 are obtained from the reaction of thionyl chloride with methyl ketones in the presence of pyridine. From these mixtures as well as from the pure trisulfides 6, with amines the α-oxothioamides 1-4 are formed with good yields. Thionation of the thioamides 1 and 2 yields the deeply coloured α-thioxothioamides 16 and 17, the structure of which has been especially characterized by X-ray structure analyses.
    Notes: Bei der Reaktion von Methylketonen mit Thionylchlorid in Gegenwart von Pyridin entstehen Gemische aus α-(Chlor)sulfenylchloriden 5 und Trisulfiden 6, die - ebenso wie die reinen Trisulfide 6 - mit Aminen hohe Ausbeuten an α-Oxothioamiden 1-4 liefern. - Schwefelung der Thioamide 1 und 2 ergibt die tieffarbigen α-Thioxothioamide 16 und 17, deren Struktur insbesondere durch Röntgenstrukturanalysen charakterisiert wird.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 1322-1336 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemistry of α-ThiocarbamoylcarbodiimidesThe dipolar species 2a can be detected in equilibrium with the α-thiocarbamoylcarbodiimide 1a by protonation and reduction to give 3 and 4, respectively. On heating, 1a rearranges to afford the photochromic dipole 7a. In addition to the formation of the derivatives 10 - 13, the molecular structure of 7a was confirmed by X-ray structure analysis. In a subsequent rearrangement, 7a isomerizes to give 9a. The α-carbamoylcarbodiimide 21 can be synthesized from the thiourea 20; the course of thiolysis to furnish the urea 24 indicates an equilibrium contribution of the dipolar species 22. The equilibrium compounds 1a, c ⇋ 2a, c undergo 2 + 2 cycloadditions with diphenylketene (25) to yield the four-membered heterocycles 26a and b. The α-carbamoylcarbodiimide 21 reacts with 25 to afford the ß-lactam 30 and the 1:2 adduct 31.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 88 (1976), S. 25-25 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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