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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outdiffusion of oxygen and carbon in Czochralski silicon (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 69-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The outdiffusion behavior of oxygen and carbon in heat-treated Czochralski (CZ) silicon has been investigated by secondary ion mass spectroscopy. The results show that oxygen diffusion is greatly retarded by oxygen precipitation and strongly support a vacancy-dominant diffusion mechanism for oxygen in silicon. In carbon-doped CZ silicon, the diffusion of both oxygen and carbon is greatly enhanced at 750 °C, but is significantly retarded at 1000 °C. In conjunction with the infrared absorption data, the enhanced diffusion has been attributed to the formation of fast-diffusing O-C complexes, while the retarded diffusion of carbon has been tentatively attributed to the formation of slow-diffusing complexes, such as Si-O-C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100126
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minority-carrier lifetime of magnetic field applied Czochralski silicon wafers (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 1850-1852 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dependence of minority-carrier lifetimes and diffusion length on starting silicon materials grown by the magnetic field applied Czochralski (MCZ), conventional Czochralski(CZ), and float-zone (FZ) methods has been investigated with a capacitance-time relaxation technique. MCZ silicon yields longer minority-carrier lifetimes and diffusion length than those of both CZ and FZ silicon materials. The generation lifetime of MCZ silicon increases, while the recombination lifetime decreases, with the initial oxygen concentration. These characteristics are correlated with grown-in defects and gettering by oxygen-related defects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100374
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and electrical properties of epitaxial Si on insulating substrates (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 586-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this work the role of extended defects on the electrical performance of epitaxial silicon on substrates containing an insulating SiO2 layer has been examined. The buried SiO2 layers in the substrates were obtained by two techniques: implantation of oxygen and zone melt recrystallization. In order to make a thorough structural and electrical evaluation of silicon on the insulator substrates, 5-μm-thick epitaxial capping layers have been simultaneously deposited via chemical vapor deposition on representative insulating substrates and reference wafers. The average minority-carrier lifetime was found to vary from 2.5 to 242 μs depending on the density and distribution of dislocations emerging from the capping epitaxial layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101841
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt processing for obtaining NdBa2Cu3Oy superconductors with high Tc and large Jc (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 633-635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A reduced oxygen atmosphere during melt processing turned out to be critical for the fabrication of NdBa2Cu3Oy (Nd123) superconductors possessing high superconducting transition temperature (Tc) with a sharp transition and large critical current density (Jc) at 77 K. In a dc magnetization measurement, Nd123 superconductors melt processed in flowing a mixture gas of 1% O2 in Ar exhibited the Tc of about 95 K and the transition width of 1.5 K with the applied field of 10 Oe. A four-probe measurement showed the zero resistive transition Tc (R=0) of about 95 K. An anomalous peak effect in the magnetization hysteresis (M-H) loops was commonly observed and lead to large magnetic Jc of 2×104 A/cm2 at 77 K and 2 T for the applied field H parallel to the c axis of a sample (H(parallel)c). This achievement is attributable to a preferential formation of high Tc phase (x〈0.1) among the Nd1+xBa2−xCu3Oy solid solutions in a reduced oxygen atmosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112254
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BIOSYNTHESIS OF O-ANTIGEN in SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM (1966)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 133 (1966), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb52379.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of thioethers to sulfoxides by iodine. II. Catalytic role of some carboxylic acid anions (1968)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 90 (1968), S. 2096-2104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01010a031
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and structure of bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)diphosphene: isolation of a true phosphobenzene (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 103 (1981), S. 4587-4589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00405a054
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Central and Peripheral Immunoreactivity of Melanin-Concentrating Hormone in Hypothalamic Obese and Lactating Rats (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 16 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is believed to be an important orexigenic peptide mainly localized in the lateral hypothalamic area. Its involvement in the hyperphagia induced by hypothalamic lesions and lactation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated MCH immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus using immunohistochemistry and MCH concentration in the peripheral circulation using an enzyme immunoassay in rats with a lesion in the ventromedial hypothalamus or the paraventricular nucleus, and in lactating rats. Bilateral lesions of the ventromedial or paraventricular nuclei were performed using an electrolytic method. Quantification of immunoreactivity by image analysis revealed that the number and mean staining intensity of MCH-immunoreactive neurones in the lateral hypothalamic area and the zona incerta were significantly decreased by both types of lesions compared to sham controls, whereas circulating MCH concentration was not significantly different on day 7 postlesion. By contrast, in lactating rats on days 11–12 postpartum, the expression of MCH in the lateral hypothalamic area and the zona incerta was significantly increased compared to nonlactating controls. Circulating MCH concentration was not changed in lactating rats. These results suggest that hyperphagia induced by lactation, but not hypothalamic lesion, might be induced by excessive expression of MCH in the lateral hypothalamic area and the zona incerta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2004.01124.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Noradrenaline, Dopamine and Serotonin Release in the Paraventricular and Supraoptic Nuclei of the Rat in Response to Intravenous Cholecystokinin Injections (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 3 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Microdialysis sampling was used to measure noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin release in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of urethane-anaesthetized rats following intravenous injection of 20μg/kg cholecystokinin. This dose of cholecystokinin stimulates oxytocin release from the posterior pituitary, while slightly inhibiting vasopressin release. Dialysis probes were placed in the paraventricular nucleus, and into dorsal or ventral regions of the supraoptic nucleus. Samples were collected at 10-min intervals in each animal before, during and after two injections of cholecystokinin, and following a control injection of 0.9% NaCI. The injections of cholecystokinin stimulated significant increases in the concentrations of noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin in the paraventricular nucleus and of noradrenaline and serotonin in the dorsal supraoptic nucleus region. Conversely, in the ventral supraoptic nucleus region a significant reduction in noradrenaline release was observed, but dopamine and serotonin concentrations were not significantly affected. The control injections did not alter noradrenaline, dopamine or serotonin release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1991.tb00255.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced Oxytocin Release from the Neural Lobe of Lactating Rats is Associated with Reduced Pituitary Content and does not Reflect Reduced Excitability of Oxytocin Neurons (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 3 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lactating rats show reduced oxytocin release compared with virgin female rats in response to a variety of stimuli, including stress and osmotic stimulation. We sought to establish whether this is a consequence of a reduced response in the oxytocin cells, or of a change in stimulus-secretion coupling at the level of the neurosecretory terminals in the neural lobe. Blood sampling experiments in anaesthetized rats showed that systemic administration of cholecystokinin resulted in significantly less oxytocin release in lactating rats than in virgin female rats. Electrophysiological recordings of single cells in the supraoptic nucleus, however, showed no difference in the responsiveness of oxytocin cells to this stimulus. Oxytocin release evoked by electrical stimulation or by depolarization with high potassium solutions was lower in isolated neural lobes from lactating rats than in glands from non-lactating rats, whereas evoked vasopressin release was similar in the two groups. The lactating rat neural lobes had a reduced oxytocin content: to study the consequences of depletion we compared hormone release evoked by electrical stimulation in vitro in neural lobes from normal male rats, and from male rats given 2% NaCI to drink for 2 or 4 days. Saline drinking resulted in a reduction in gland content of both oxytocin and vasopressin, and the evoked release of both hormones was also significantly reduced when expressed as a percentage of the gland content, as was also seen for oxytocin release for glands from lactating rats. Finally, measurement of the extracellular potassium response to stimulation of the isolated neural lobe as an index of the excitability of neural lobe neurosecretory axons was unchanged in lactating rats compared with virgin female rats. Together, the data indicate that reduced oxytocin release observed in lactating rats is a simple consequence of reduced oxytocin content in the neural lobe rather than of a reduced excitability of the oxytocin neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1991.tb00278.x
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