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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser fluorimetry studies of ionpair aggregation in ionomers derived from copolymers and polymer containing 2-vinylfluorene (1987)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 17 (1987), S. 375-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Time resolved fluorescence technique was used to demonstrate physically the ionpair aggregation phenomena in the ionomers containing fluorenylsodium as the pendant group along the polymer chains in THF at 25°C. It was found that ionpairs in the ionomer with mole fraction of fluorenylsodium equal to 0.02 did not associate to form stable aggregate. However, the ionpairs would aggregate in those ionomers with higher fluorenylsodium contents. In the homopolymer of vinylfluorenylsodium, extensive aggregation of the ionpairs was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00955723
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal control computation for linear time-lag systems with linear terminal constraints (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 44 (1984), S. 509-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control parameterization ; piecewise constant functions ; linear time-lag systems ; linear terminal constraints ; computational schemes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A computational scheme using the technique of control parameterization is developed for solving a class of optimal control problems involving linear hereditary systems with bounded control region and linear terminal constraints. Several examples have been solved to illustrate the efficiency of the technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935465
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal control computation for parabolic systems with boundary conditions involving time delays (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 53 (1987), S. 475-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Parabolic differential equations ; second boundary-value problems ; time-delayed arguments ; distributed optimal control problems ; necessary and sufficient conditions ; existence theory ; algorithms ; convergence of algorithms ; Galerkin's scheme ; lumped-parameter systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we consider a class of optimal control problems involving a second-order, linear parabolic partial differential equation with Neumann boundary conditions. The time-delayed arguments are assumed to appear in the boundary conditions. A necessary and sufficient condition for optimality is derived, and an iterative method for solving this optimal control problem is proposed. The convergence property of this iterative method is also investigated. On the basis of a finite-element Galerkin's scheme, we convert the original distributed optimal control problem into a sequence of approximate problems involving only lumped-parameter systems. A computational algorithm is then developed for each of these approximate problems. For illustration, a one-dimensional example is solved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00938951
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal control computation for nonlinear time-lag systems (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 47 (1985), S. 91-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Control parameterization ; piecewise constant functions ; nonlinear hereditary systems ; linear control constraints ; computational schemes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, a computational scheme using the technique of control parameterization is developed for solving a class of optimal control problems involving nonlinear hereditary systems with linear control constraints. Several examples have been solved to test the efficiency of the technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00941318
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinearly constrained time-delayed optimal control problems (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 82 (1994), S. 295-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimal control ; delay-differential equations ; continuous inequality state constraints ; terminal inequality state constraints ; terminal equality state constraints ; control parametrization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A computational algorithm for solving a class of optimal control problems involving terminal and continuous state constraints of inequality type was developed in Ref. 1. In this paper, we extend the results of Ref. 1 to a more general class of constrained time-delayed optimal control problems, which involves terminal state equality constraints as well as terminal state inequality constraints and continuous state constraints. Two examples have been solved to illustrate the efficiency of the method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02191855
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Convergence of a feasible directions algorithm for relaxed controls in time-lag systems (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 53 (1987), S. 461-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Nonlinear time-lag systems ; linear control constraints ; nonlinear terminal inequality constraints ; feasible direction methods ; accumulation points ; relaxed controls ; relaxed control problems ; necessary conditions for optimality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we consider a class of time-lag optimal control problems involving control and terminal inequality constraints. A feasible direction algorithm has been obtained by Teo, Wong, and Clements for solving this class of optimal control problems. It was shown that anyL ∞ accumulation points of the sequence of controls generated by the algorithm satisfy a necessary condition for optimality. However, suchL ∞ accumulation points need not exist. The aim of this paper is to prove a convergence result, which ensures that the sequence of controls generated by the algorithm always has accumulation points in the sense of control measure, and these accumulation points satisfy a necessary condition for optimality for the corresponding relaxed problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00938950
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A feasible directions algorithm for time-lag optimal control problems with control and terminal inequality constraints (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 46 (1985), S. 295-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Nonlinear time-lag systems ; linear control constraints ; nonlinear terminal inequality constraints ; conditional gradient methods ; feasible direction methods ; control parametrization ; initial feasible control ; computational schemes ; finite convergence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A computational algorithm for a class of time-lag optimal control problems involving control and terminal inequality constraints is presented. The convergence properties of the algorithm is also investigated. To test the algorithm, an example is solved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00939286
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gradient-flow approach for computing a nonlinear-quadratic optimal-output feedback gain matrix (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 85 (1995), S. 75-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Optimal control ; infinite horizon ; nonlinear-quadratic regulator problem ; linear state feedback ; approximate problems ; gradient-flow based algorithm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, an approach is proposed for solving a nonlinear-quadratic optimal regulator problem with linear static state feedback and infinite planning horizon. For such a problem, approximate problems are introduced and considered, which are obtained by combining a finite-horizon problem with an infinite-horizon linear problem in a certain way. A gradient-flow based algorithm is derived for these approximate problems. It is shown that an optimal solution to the original problem can be found as the limit of a sequence of solutions to the approximate problems. Several important properties are obtained. For illustration, two numerical examples are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02192300
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulated Raman gain spectroscopy seeded by amplified spontaneous emission (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 23 (1992), S. 479-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: An amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) seeded broadband pulsed stimulated Raman gain spectroscopy (SRGS) technique is described. The ASE of a dye laser and the dye laser itself are used as a broadband probe and the pump beam, respectively. The overall optical arrangement is simple and easy to implement. The technique has been demonstrated to have excellent background fluorescence rejection capability. Raman spectra of low-concentration NO3 - and SO42- dissolved in a strongly fluorescent solution have been obtained.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250230903
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