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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7469-7471 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Patterned ferromagnetic structures are intended as electrodes to drive a spin-polarized current through the quasi two-dimensional electron system of a semiconductor. To utilize such structures in transport experiments it is important to know their micromagnetic behavior. We have prepared Permalloy electrodes for the ballistic transport regime by electron-beam lithography on InAs single crystals. Using magnetic-force microscopy we measure the magnetization configurations at zero external magnetic fields. Micromagnetic simulations verify that the observed magnetization states are the energetically most favorable ones. In addition, the micromagnetic behavior in external magnetic fields is simulated. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 22 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: We report a 52-year-old female with trichogenic trichoblastoma arising on the supraclavicular fossa. Clinical and histological examinations revealed a thumbnail sized, elastic, hard, subcutaneous nodule which consisted of keratinous cysts and epithelial cords of basaloid cells with locally follicular differentiation. Based on histological observations, a diagnosis of trichogenic trichoblastoma was made. An immunohistochemical study using a panel of monoclonal antibodies against cytokeratins was performed to investigate the nature and differentiation of this tumour. The most characteristic findings of the immunohistochemistry were CK 8 and 19 expression in the epithelial cords and the outer cells of the cystic structures. These immunoreactivities were similar to those of the outermost layer of the outer root sheath between the lower permanent portion and the upper transient portion, and immunostaining with the other antibodies confirmed this similarity. We can speculate that trichogenic trichoblastoma differentiates mainly toward the outermost layer of the outer root sheath between the lower permanent portion and the upper transient portion, and then into follicular structures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 858-864 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In1−xGaxSb1−yBiy (0〈x≤0.21, 0〈y≤0.005) quaternary bulk single crystals were grown on InSb seed crystals using a rotary Bridgman method. In order to investigate the quality of these crystals, various kinds of measurements were carried out, such as optical microscope, x-ray topograph, four-crystal x-ray diffractometry, electron-probe microanalysis, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and secondary-ion-mass spectroscopy. All grown crystals were 10 mm in diameter and more than 10 mm in length. This indicates that the rotary Bridgman method was useful to grow quaternary bulk single crystals. Owing to segregation, the compositional ratio of Bi (y) increased and that of Ga (x) decreased as crystals grew. During growth of InGaSbBi, both Ga and Bi diffused into the InSb seed and there appeared domains of InBi. For comparison, InSb1−yBiy (0〈y≤0.05) and In1−xGaxSb (0〈x≤0.16) were grown on InSb. It turned out that Bi did not diffuse into InSb without Ga, but Ga diffused without Bi. The incorporation of Ga produced the excess In and as a result InBi domains were formed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 273-275 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: An extremely low-threshold current of 6 mA in cw mode at 22 °C was achieved in 1.55-μm InGaAsP/InP buried heterostructure distributed feedback lasers with a first-order grating and a normal cavity length of 300 μm. These lasers exhibited an average differential efficiency of 30% total at 4 mW without any coating on the facets, and a T0 (25–70 °C) value of 55 K. A spectral linewidth as low as 8 MHz at cw mode was obtained. The lasers showed high-speed pulse modulation response to 2.4 Gb/s (NRZ).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1315-1317 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Tailored magnetic electrodes are an important prerequisite to inject and detect charge carriers into a semiconductor with defined spins. Especially, if a gate electrode is used to tune the polarization of the carriers by the Rashba effect, magnetic electrodes providing simultaneously a high degree of polarization and a low stray field are important. We have simulated magnetization and hysteresis curves of permalloy electrode configurations and verified our theoretical results by magnetic-force microscopy for electrodes prepared on p-type InAs single crystals. This semiconductor exhibits a strong, gate-voltage dependent Rashba effect and therefore is a candidate for the realization of the spin transistor. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 3227-3229 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We report on gate voltage dependent electron transport in modulation-doped In0.75Al0.25As/In0.75Ga0.25As heterostructures with strained InAs-inserted-channels grown on GaAs substrates. At temperatures of T=4.2 K we achieve mobilities of up to μ=215 000 cm2(V s)−1 and electron densities of nS=1.2×1012 cm−2 for the highest measured gate voltage of Vg=20 V. The electron effective mass m*=0.036 me is determined by temperature dependent Shubnikov–de Haas measurements. The observation of an anisotropic mobility when the first excited subband becomes populated proves interface scattering to be the limiting mechanism for the electron mobility. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 142 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background  Correcting Th1/Th2 imbalance with administration of IL-12 before and during antigen challenge holds therapeutic promise in asthma. However, the effects of IL-12 on the established asthmatic responses have not fully been examined.Objective  We investigated whether IL-12 administered after antigen challenge could diminish airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) and eosinophilia in mice actively sensitized to ovalbumin. We also have investigated the ability of administered IL-12 to induce IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) expression that may lead possible synergic action of IL-12 with endogenous IL-18.Methods  C57BL/6 mice immunized to ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, were challenged three times with an aerosol of OVA every second day for 8 days. Recombinant IL-12 (500 ng) was intravenously administered on a single occasion 1 h after the final challenge of mice. Mice were analysed for effects of IL-12 on AHR, inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine levels in lung tissue as well as serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels. Immunohistochemistry for IL-18R was performed using rat monoclonal antibody specific for murine IL-18Rα (IL-1 receptor related protein; IL-1Rrp).Results  An intravenous IL-12 administration diminished AHR, pulmonary eosinophilia and T lymphocyte infiltration, serum IgE, IL-4 and IL-13 in lung tissue. Expression of IL-18R was induced in the mononuclear cells in the lung of mice exposed to OVA. IL-12 administration enhanced the IL-18R expression compared with the control.Conclusion  These data indicate that IL-12 can attenuate established antigen-induced AHR and inflammation. In this mechanism it would be interpreted as follows: IL-12 administration in OVA-challenged mice decreased IL-4 production and IgE production thereafter through direct effect on inhibiting the activation of established Th2 cells response and also combined effect with up-regulation of IL-18R expression by inflammatory cells in the lung.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background and objective Carbon monoxide (CO) is known to be present in measurable quantities in the exhalation of asthmatic patients. Corticosteroid treatment resulted in a decrease in exhaled CO levels in asthmatic patients, raising the possibility that an increase in exhaled CO concentration reflects inflammation of the asthmatic airway. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein, also called HSP32, is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of heme to biliverdin, free iron and CO. However, it is unknown whether an expression of HO-1 within the lung tissue is related to allergic airway inflammation. We studied the expression of HO-1 in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage cells in a mouse model of asthma.Methods Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized C57BL/6 mice were challenged with aerosolized OVA. HO-1 positive cells were identified by immunostaining in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after the challenge.Results HO-1 positive cell numbers increased in the subepithelium of the bronchi after OVA challenge. In cytospin preparations from BALF after OVA challenge, HO-1 was localized to alveolar macrophages. Inside the macrophages, HO-1 reactivity was expressed in the cytoplasm, and the perinuclear region in particular.Conclusion The expression of HO-1 is increased within the lung tissue in allergic airway inflammation. Measurement of HO-1 activity may be clinically useful in the management of asthma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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