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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carboxin resistance transformation of the homobasidiomycete fungus Pleurotus ostreatus (2000)
    Springer
    Current genetics 37 (2000), S. 209-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Basidiomycete ; Transformation ; White-rot fungi ; Carboxin ; Succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A novel selection marker gene for transformation of the white-rot basidiomycete Pleurotus ostreatus was developed by introducing a point mutation in a gene which encodes the iron-sulfur protein (Ip) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase. The mutant gene, Cbx R, encodes a modified Ip subunit with an amino-acid substitution (His239 to Leu) and confers resistance to the systemic fungicide, carboxin. The DNA sequence was integrated ectopically in the chromosome of the transformants. This is the first report of a homologous marker gene which is available for the molecular breeding of an edible mushroom.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050521
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodontal status and serum antibody titers for Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae in a rural population in Japan (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background, aims: The present study was undertaken to assess the periodontal status of a rural Japanese population and to study the correlation between the periodontal status and the serum antibody titers for Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) fimbriae.Method: A total of 236 individuals were examined for their periodontal conditions by the use of the community periodontal index for treatment needs (CPITN), and serum antibody titers for Pg fimbriae in their peripheral blood samples were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: There was a substantially larger proportion of edentulous subjects in the age group older than 60 years. The remaining teeth were 24.1, 23.2, 11.1 and 10.1 per person in the 40–49, 50–59, 60–69 and 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE280311:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉70 age groups, respectively. The % of sextants with a CPITN code of missing sextant (MS) increased towards elderly and reached 〉60% in the age group of 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE280311:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉70 years, as the % of the CPITN 2, 1 or 0 sextant decreased. The % of CPITN 4 and 3 sextants did not differ between different age groups and were about 6–8% and 15–20%, respectively. The % of CPITN 1 or 0 sextants was higher in female subjects than in male subjects in the 60–69 and 〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:03036979:JCPE280311:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉70 age groups, while the % of CPITN 4 or 3 sextants was higher in male subjects than in female subjects in all age groups. There was no significant difference between various age groups in the mean serum antibody titers for Pg fimbriae. The mean anti-Pg fimbriae antibody titers was significantly higher for the subjects with a maximum CPITN code 4 (max.-CPITN 4 subject) than for the subjects with lower maximum CPITN codes. The antibody titers varied extensively among the max.-CPITN 4 or 3 subjects, but not among the max.-CPITN 2/1/0 or MS subjects.Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that tooth loss is a remarkable event in elderly subjects and that oral prophylaxis and mechanical debridement should be mandatory in the population examined. It was also demonstrated that the serum antibody titers against Pg fimbriae could be useful for screening individuals with moderate to severe periodontitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028003264.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein induction in a mouse model of asthma (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and objective Carbon monoxide (CO) is known to be present in measurable quantities in the exhalation of asthmatic patients. Corticosteroid treatment resulted in a decrease in exhaled CO levels in asthmatic patients, raising the possibility that an increase in exhaled CO concentration reflects inflammation of the asthmatic airway. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein, also called HSP32, is the rate-limiting enzyme in the catabolism of heme to biliverdin, free iron and CO. However, it is unknown whether an expression of HO-1 within the lung tissue is related to allergic airway inflammation. We studied the expression of HO-1 in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage cells in a mouse model of asthma.Methods Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized C57BL/6 mice were challenged with aerosolized OVA. HO-1 positive cells were identified by immunostaining in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after the challenge.Results HO-1 positive cell numbers increased in the subepithelium of the bronchi after OVA challenge. In cytospin preparations from BALF after OVA challenge, HO-1 was localized to alveolar macrophages. Inside the macrophages, HO-1 reactivity was expressed in the cytoplasm, and the perinuclear region in particular.Conclusion The expression of HO-1 is increased within the lung tissue in allergic airway inflammation. Measurement of HO-1 activity may be clinically useful in the management of asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01179.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of post-inhalation treatment with interleukin-12 on airway hyper-reactivity, eosinophilia and interleukin-18 receptor expression in a mouse model of asthma (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Correcting Th1/Th2 imbalance with administration of IL-12 before and during antigen challenge holds therapeutic promise in asthma. However, the effects of IL-12 on the established asthmatic responses have not fully been examined.Objective  We investigated whether IL-12 administered after antigen challenge could diminish airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) and eosinophilia in mice actively sensitized to ovalbumin. We also have investigated the ability of administered IL-12 to induce IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) expression that may lead possible synergic action of IL-12 with endogenous IL-18.Methods  C57BL/6 mice immunized to ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, were challenged three times with an aerosol of OVA every second day for 8 days. Recombinant IL-12 (500 ng) was intravenously administered on a single occasion 1 h after the final challenge of mice. Mice were analysed for effects of IL-12 on AHR, inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine levels in lung tissue as well as serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E levels. Immunohistochemistry for IL-18R was performed using rat monoclonal antibody specific for murine IL-18Rα (IL-1 receptor related protein; IL-1Rrp).Results  An intravenous IL-12 administration diminished AHR, pulmonary eosinophilia and T lymphocyte infiltration, serum IgE, IL-4 and IL-13 in lung tissue. Expression of IL-18R was induced in the mononuclear cells in the lung of mice exposed to OVA. IL-12 administration enhanced the IL-18R expression compared with the control.Conclusion  These data indicate that IL-12 can attenuate established antigen-induced AHR and inflammation. In this mechanism it would be interpreted as follows: IL-12 administration in OVA-challenged mice decreased IL-4 production and IgE production thereafter through direct effect on inhibiting the activation of established Th2 cells response and also combined effect with up-regulation of IL-18R expression by inflammatory cells in the lung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0954-7894.2002.01346.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional-rhythmical coupling of head and mandibular movements (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It is known that small head movements accompany the movements of the jaw during mastication; however, it is unknown whether these movements occur rhythmically and synchronously. The objective of this study was to determine whether there exists a functional coupling between the head and mandibular movements. Four healthy male adults (mean age 25·5) with normal occlusion and without TMD history were selected as subjects. Using the Trimet system, we measured tridimensionally both the movement of the head and the mandible by tracking upper and lower incisal points, respectively, during tapping movements with different opening range and frequency, then analysed the vertical component of these movements. The upper incisal point moved in opposite direction to the mandible in all tapping strokes in all subjects, during opening the head moved in a cranial direction and during closing in a caudal direction; the incidence rate for this concomitant movement was 98%, implying that the head moves periodically and rhythmically, as the mandible does. The cycle time of these coincident movements showed a correlation coefficient of 0·94. Moreover, the vertical range of head movement was within 10% of the jaw's movement. From these results we concluded that, at least during teeth tapping, the head moves in rhythmical coordination with mandibular movement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00636.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of ferromagnetic microstructures as electrodes for spin-polarized transport experiments (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7469-7471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Patterned ferromagnetic structures are intended as electrodes to drive a spin-polarized current through the quasi two-dimensional electron system of a semiconductor. To utilize such structures in transport experiments it is important to know their micromagnetic behavior. We have prepared Permalloy electrodes for the ballistic transport regime by electron-beam lithography on InAs single crystals. Using magnetic-force microscopy we measure the magnetization configurations at zero external magnetic fields. Micromagnetic simulations verify that the observed magnetization states are the energetically most favorable ones. In addition, the micromagnetic behavior in external magnetic fields is simulated. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1355350
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport properties of modulation-doped InAs-inserted-channel In0.75Al0.25As/In0.75Ga0.25As structures grown on GaAs substrates (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 3227-3229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on gate voltage dependent electron transport in modulation-doped In0.75Al0.25As/In0.75Ga0.25As heterostructures with strained InAs-inserted-channels grown on GaAs substrates. At temperatures of T=4.2 K we achieve mobilities of up to μ=215 000 cm2(V s)−1 and electron densities of nS=1.2×1012 cm−2 for the highest measured gate voltage of Vg=20 V. The electron effective mass m*=0.036 me is determined by temperature dependent Shubnikov–de Haas measurements. The observation of an anisotropic mobility when the first excited subband becomes populated proves interface scattering to be the limiting mechanism for the electron mobility. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1326045
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic electrodes for spin-polarized injection into InAs (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1315-1317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Tailored magnetic electrodes are an important prerequisite to inject and detect charge carriers into a semiconductor with defined spins. Especially, if a gate electrode is used to tune the polarization of the carriers by the Rashba effect, magnetic electrodes providing simultaneously a high degree of polarization and a low stray field are important. We have simulated magnetization and hysteresis curves of permalloy electrode configurations and verified our theoretical results by magnetic-force microscopy for electrodes prepared on p-type InAs single crystals. This semiconductor exhibits a strong, gate-voltage dependent Rashba effect and therefore is a candidate for the realization of the spin transistor. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126020
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eosinophilic fasciitis following exposure to trichloroethylene: successful treatment with cyclosporin (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 142 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03446.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression and activity of thrombomodulin in human gingival epithelium: in vivo and in vitro studies (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 35 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Epidermal keratinocytes thrombomodulin (TM) has been shown to regulate thrombin at sites of cutaneous injury in addition to a role for epidermal differentiation. TM, a major anticoagulant proteoglycan of the endothelial cell membrane, is a thrombin receptor that acts as a co-factor for protein C activation. Thrombin has pro-inflammatory effects for periodontitis. However, little is known about TM in gingival tissue with periodontitis. We used immunohistochemistry to examine expression of TM in gingival epithelium from patients with periodontitis. In vitro, we observed TM expression at varying Ca2+ concentrations by confocal laser scanning microscopy, examined the expression of TM mRNA and tested TM co-factor activity. Furthermore, we measured TM concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from 11 severe adult cases of periodontitis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunoreactive TM was present in gingival epithelium and junctional epithelium, and was reduced in inflamed gingival epithelium compared to healthy gingival epithelium. Ultrastructurally, TM, including microvilli, was observed on the cell membrane. TM localization in cells cultured in 0.09 mm Ca2+ differed from that in cells exposed to 1.2 mm Ca2+. Northern analysis demonstrated TM mRNA in gingival keratinocytes more than in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Gingival keratinocytes also facilitated protein C activation by thrombin, although less strongly than HUVEC. TM in GCF at sites with bleeding on probing in patients was significantly elevated (p〈0.001, Student's t-test). TM in gingival epithelium may regulate thrombin activity at sites of coagulation and inflammation with periodontal disease, although inflammation may impair this regulation of thrombin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2000.035003146.x
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