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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magneto-impedance of glass-coated Fe–Ni–Cu microwires (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4810-4812 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magneto-impedance (MI) of glass-coated Fe–Ni–Cu microwires was investigated for longitudinal radio-frequency (rf) currents up to a frequency of 200 MHz using a rf lock-in amplifier method. The MI, defined as ΔZ/Z=[Z(H)−Z(H=0.3 T)]/Z(H=0.3 T), displays a peak structure (negative MI) at zero field for rf currents with frequencies less than 20 MHz and this crosses over to a sharp dip (positive MI) at higher frequencies. This crossover behavior is ascribed to the skin-depth-limited response primarily governed by the field-dependence of the permeability. Large saturation fields (300 to 600 Oe) and other anomalies indicate the possible influence of giant magneto-resistance (GMR) on the MI. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373167
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Granular growth of Fe3O4 thin films and its antiphase boundaries prepared by pulsed laser deposition (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7398-7400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fe3O4 thin film prepared by pulsed laser deposition on Si (100) substrate has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy from plane and cross-sectional views. The thin film, which shows a spinel structure as characterized by selected-area diffraction, is about 180 nm thick with granular growth of particle size about 50 nm. High resolution electron microscopy observations indicate reduced thickness of the native SiO2 layer between the thin film and Si due to rastering of the substrate surface by an unfocused laser beam before the deposition. By using a 220 diffraction spot in two beam condition near the 〈001〉 axis of a single Fe3O4 grain, antiphase boundaries (APBs) inside the grains could be clearly resolved. The existence of APBs in the thin film is consistent with the magnetic experiments including an open hysteresis loop and unsaturated magnetization in relatively high magnetic fields. This study suggests that APBs are not unique to Fe3O4 films grown on MgO substrates. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1358831
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PbZr0.5Ti0.5O3/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 heterostructures prepared by chemical solution routes on silicon with no fatigue polarization (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3476-3478 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: PbZr0.5Ti0.5O3/La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (PZT/LSCO) heterostructures have been grown directly on (100)Si by chemical solution routes. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis show that PZT and LSCO thin films are polycrystalline and entirely perovskite phase. PZT thin films grown on LSCO thin films showed no preferential orientation and excellent ferroelectricity. The remnant polarization Pr is about 22.8 μC/cm2 and the coercive field Ec is about 95 kV/cm at an applied electric field of 400 kV/cm. The ferroelectric capacitor has been fabricated and showed no polarization fatigue after 3×109 fatigue cycles. The Pt/PZT/LSCO capacitor is suitable for nonvolatile random access memory application. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1419234
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of highly (100) oriented Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3/LaNiO3 heterostructures prepared by chemical solution routes (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 4172-4174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Highly (100) oriented Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3/LaNiO3 heterostructures have been grown on Si(100) using chemical solution routes. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 thin films are high (100) orientation (α100=0.92). Atomic force microscopy investigation shows that they have large grains about 80–200 nm. A Pt/Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3/LaNiO3 capacitor has been fabricated and showed excellent ferroelectricity, the remnant polarization and coercive field are 10.8 μC/cm2 and 96 kV/cm, respectively. The electric field dependence of capacitance measurement shows that the capacitor has large capacitance tuning ([Cmax−Cmin]/Cmax×100%) of 63%. The Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3 thin films have high dielectric constant (cursive-epsilon) of 200 at 1 MHz. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1381416
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amplification of picosecond optical pulses in midinfrared intersubband semiconductor optical amplifiers (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2449-2451 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A comprehensive theoretical model describing the amplification of picosecond optical pulses in midinfrared intersubband semiconductor optical amplifiers is developed, taking into account gain dispersion, short carrier relaxation time and ultrafast nonlinear refraction. It is shown that these factors are extremely important in determining the amplified optical pulse characteristics in both the time and frequency domains. The calculations also indicate that gain dispersion can be significantly enhanced by fast carrier relaxations, short pulse widths, and high pulse energies. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1318932
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of genetic background on the target fatty acids of acyl-ACP thioesterase transgenes in Brassica napus (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (TE) is involved in the biosynthetic fatty acid pathway of plants. Conventional canola lines transformed individually with the bay-TE (Uc FatB1), elm-TE (Ua FatB1), nutmeg-TE (Mf FatB1) or Cuphea-TE transgene (Ch FatB1), produce seed oil with modified fatty acid compositions. This study assessed the effects of genetic background, cytoplasm, maternal parent, and interaction of different TE transgenes, on the target fatty acids using F1 seeds and double haploid (DH) lines. The F1 seeds were produced by crossing four TE transgenic parental lines and three non-transgenic cultivars with distinct fatty acid compositions. The DH lines were developed from microspores of F1 plants. DH lines from different crosses showed that genetic background does not have an effect on the relative levels of the target fatty acids of the same TE, indicating the stability of the substrate specificity of the TE within canola. However, significant effects of genetic background on the content of the major target fatty acids, lauric acid (C12:0) or palmitic acid (C16:0) depending on the TE, were observed. Expression of the TE in low erucic acid (C22:1) genotypes resulted in higher target fatty acid levels than expression in high C22:1 genotypes. Reciprocal crosses showed maternal effects, but not cytoplasmic effects. In addition, co-expression of two different TE transgenes in the same seeds was observed. These results indicate the importance of selection for appropriate genetic backgrounds in order to maximize the expression of the target fatty acids of TE transgenes, and also indicate potential uses of TE co-expression in modifying canola seed oil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00961.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Krzywicki Revisited: Equations for Spectrophotometric Determination of Myoglobin Redox Forms in Aqueous Meat Extracts (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Krzywicki's equations have been widely used for estimating the relative proportions of myoglobin (Mb) redox forms in aqueous solution. However, these equations have generated negative values for some redox forms, and total Mb estimates obtained by summation of the individual redox forms have deviated from unity. The inappropriate selection of wavelengths (545, 565, and 572 nm) used to generate these equations appears to have been responsible for these problems. Therefore, Krzywicki's equations were modified by using wavelength maxima at 503, 557, and 582 nm, representative for metmyoglobin, deoxymyoglobin, and oxymyoglobin, respectively. Millimolar extinction coefficients at these wavelengths were calculated, and a set of modified equations was established for determining the relative proportions of Mb redox forms in aqueous solution. The new equations demonstrated improved performance in decreasing the occurrence and magnitude of negative values and in estimating total Mb, when compared with Krzywicki' original equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb09922.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sterilization of Foodstuffs Using Radio Frequency Heating (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : A study was conducted with a pilot-scale sterilization system based on 27-MHz radio frequency (RF) energy to investigate the effectiveness in shortening process time and in improving quality for foods sealed in 6-pound military-ration polymeric trays. Chemical marker M-1 was used to evaluate heating uniformity in 20% whey protein gels as a model food, and macaroni and cheese was processed to assess the influence of RF process on product quality. With the RF system, a lethality (F0= 10 min) was achieved in both model food and macaroni and cheese within 30 min with relative uniform heating, compared to a 90 min conventional retort process that delivered a similar lethality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05708.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial Safety in Radio-frequency Processing of Packaged Foods (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Thermal resistance of Clostridium sporogenes (PA 3679) was determined at 115.6 °C, 118.3 °C, and 121.1 °C (240 °F, 245 °F, and 250 °F, respectively) in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and mashed potatoes (pH 6.3) using aluminum thermal-death-time (TDT) tubes developed at Washington State Univ. D-values were 1.8, 1.1, and 0.62 min in phosphate buffer and 2.2, 1.1, and 0.61 min in mashed potatoes at 115.6 °C, 118.3 °C, and 121.1 °C, respectively. Z-values were 12 °C and 10 °C in phosphate buffer and mashed potatoes, respectively. The thermal inactivation kinetic results were then used to validate a novel thermal process based on 27.12 MHz radio frequency (RF) energy. Trays of mashed potatoes inoculated with PA 3679 were subjected to 3 processing levels: target process (F0∼4.3), under-target process (F0∼2.4), and over-target process (F0∼7.3). The microbial challenge test data showed that microbial destruction from the RF process agreed with the calculated sterilization values. This study suggests that thermal processes based on RF energy can produce safe and shelf-stable packaged foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb13621.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbiological Validation of Microwave-Circulated Water Combination Heating Technology by Inoculated Pack Studies (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A 915-MHz Microwave-Circulated Water Combination (MCWC) heating technology was validated for a macaroni and cheese product using inoculated pack studies. Before the tests, heat resistances of a Clostridium sporogenes (PA 3679) spore crop were determined in neutral phosphate buffer and macaroni and cheese product. Trays of macaroni and cheese products were subjected to 3 processing levels: target process (F0= 2.4), under target process (F0= 1.2), and over target process (F0= 4.8). The inoculated packs were evaluated by count-reduction method and end-point method. The microbial results showed that microbial destruction resulting from MCWC heating technology matched the calculated degree of sterilization (F0 value). This study suggests that the MCWC heating technology has potential in sterilizing packaged foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb09661.x
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