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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Alignment and Orientation Effects for the Indirect Ionization of CH3Cl in the |111.rtbbrac. Rotational State by Fast Electron Impact (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 13597-13599 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100037a004
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structure and magnetic moment of α″-Fe16N2 compound films: Effect of Co and H on phase formation (invited) : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 5564-5569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: In order to determine the intrinsic value of magnetic moment, σs, of α″-Fe16N2 compound, the magnetic moment of (α″+α′)-Fe16N2 films is discussed in connection with the degree of N site ordering in nitrogen–martensite. To establish the more general relation between Fe–N martensite structure and σs, the Fe–N system is expanded to Fe–Co–N and Fe–H–N systems. As a result, it is found that (1) The existence of completely the same structure as bulk α″ phase was reconfirmed even in the film form by the precise structural analysis using x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer analysis, (2) Fe–H martensite was synthesized by using sputtering under Ar+H2 atmosphere, (3) Stable formation of α″-(Fe100−XCoX)16N2 (X=10–30) phase through N site ordering by postannealing is proposed to be fairly difficult due to the sudden decrement of the phase decomposition temperature, Tp.d., of α′-(Fe100−XCoX)–N (X=0–30). Tp.d. of α′-(Fe100−XCoX)–N (X=0–30) phase decreases from 200 °C to RT with increasing Co and N contents, and (4) The intrinsic value of saturation magnetization of the α″-Fe16N2 phase is convinced to be no more than 240 emu/g (≈2.4 μB per Fe atom on average) at 300 K. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362244
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An experimental study on the shear viscosity of solids (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 122-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Viscoelastic solids with high viscosity were experimentally studied with the intention of having them deformed under uniform shear stress. A kind of sandwich method was developed for applying a constant shear stress to a specimen, and its deformation was observed optically using heterodyne interferometry with a sensitivity of 10 nm in displacement measurement. Time-dependent deformation data were analyzed on the basis of a mechanical model of anelasticity plus viscosity. Viscosity in the range of 108–1014 Pa⋅s could be determined at temperatures of 20–200 °C. Through a simulation using the finite element method together with an experiment visualizing the deformation, the specimen deformation was shown to be of an almost uniform shear mode. Experiments were performed to determine the temperature dependence of viscosity for several kinds of glasses near their glass transition Tg, and the determined viscosity values were about 107 Pa⋅s at Tg. The viscosity values measured by a rotation disk viscometer were in good agreement with the present data. The viscosity of some glasses was also measured by the beam bending and penetration methods, and values of 109–1012 Pa⋅s at Tg were obtained. The large discrepancy between the two kinds of data was considered. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362767
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stationary magnetic pertubation diagnostic on TFTR (abstract)a) : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 816-816 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Stationary magnetic perturbations (SMPs) in tokamaks may consist of (1) static magnetic field errors, (2) dynamic magnetic field errors, and (3) stationary MHD modes (or locked mode). The diagnostic aimed to detect the latter two classes of SMPs on the TFTR tokamak has two pairs of sensors, each consisting of a saddle loop for measuring predominantly radial field and auxiliary loops for measuring predominantly toroidal and vertical fields. Members of each pair are placed 180° apart toroidally. Predominantly n=1 SMPs are found in various discharges including ohmic discharges. Abrupt changes in SMP signals precede a "tail-end'' disruption, suggesting a causality relationship. Variations in the SMP signals are also coincident with severe performance degradation of super shots and pellet injected discharges. An analysis of individual and paired signals appears to indicate that these SMPs are dynamic field errors as well as stationary MHD modes. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146230
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The stability of advanced operational regimes on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor : The 38th annual meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics (DPP) of the American Physical Society (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 1589-1595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The performance of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor [D. Meade and the TFTR Group, in Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Washington, D.C., 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. I, pp. 9–24], as defined by the maximum fusion power production, has been limited, not by confinement, but by stability to pressure-driven modes. Two classes of current profile modification have been investigated to overcome this limit. A new technique has been developed to increase the internal inductance of low-q (q(approximate)4), high-current (Ip〉2MA) plasmas. As was the case at higher edge q, the disruptive β limit has been found to increase roughly linearly with the internal inductance, li. Plasmas with hollow current profiles, i.e., reversed shear, are also predicted and experimentally observed to have increased stability in the negative shear region to ballooning and kink modes. However, performance of these plasmas is still limited by pressure-driven modes in the normal shear region. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872290
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Anomalous Hall resistivities of single-crystal Fe16N2 and Fe–N martensite films epitaxially grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 1493-1498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The anomalous and ordinary Hall resistivities for Fe16N2 (saturation magnetization 4πMs: 29 kG at room temperature) and Fe–N martensite (24.8 kG) films have been measured in the temperature range from 30 to 300 K and compared with pure Fe (21 kG) films. All films were epitaxially grown on GaAs(001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The saturation anomalous Hall resistivity ρAS for Fe16N2 at 300 K was 4.0×10−7 V cm/A which was much higher than the values for Fe–N martensite (1.9×10−7 V cm/A) and Fe (1.5×10−7 V cm/A). Also the anomalous Hall constant RA at 300 K for Fe16N2 was 1.5×10−11 V cm/A G, which was much higher than the values for Fe–N martensite (0.8×10−11 V cm/A G) and Fe (0.7×10−11 V cm/A G). Such results are consistent with a much larger magnetic moment for Fe16N2. To investigate the consequences of the giant magnetic moment for Fe16N2 as compared with Fe–N martensite and Fe, the temperature dependences of ρAS and RA were measured. The values of ρAS and RA decreased monotonically with decreasing temperature for Fe16N2, Fe–N martensite and Fe. In the temperature range from 30 to 300 K, the ρAS value for Fe16N2 was much higher than the values for Fe–N martensite and Fe. This originated from the larger thermal fluctuation of the magnetization for Fe16N2. The striking features of Fe16N2 magnetism were its giant magnetic moment and its large thermal fluctuation of the magnetic moment. The electrical resistivity at room temperature for Fe16N2 was around 30 μΩ cm as compared with 10 μΩ cm for Fe. The difference was due mainly to the difference in the residual resistivities. The electrical resistivity for Fe16N2 decreased monotonically with decreasing temperature, which is normal for a metallic material. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368253
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Study on the shear viscosity of several inorganic glasses (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 213-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The viscosities of metaphosphate, pyrophosphate, molybdate, and fluorophosphate glasses were measured under the shear deformation mode using a sandwich method from room temperature up to the glass transition temperature Tg. An optical method was used to measure the deformation under constant load as a function of time, and the results were analyzed using a mechanical model of anelasticity plus viscosity. In glasses containing long molecular chains, two relaxations appeared at lower and higher temperatures, while only one relaxation existed at higher temperatures in glasses without the chain. Both these relaxations were of the thermal activation type. A correlation between the frequency factor and the activation energy was found for the high temperature relaxation, and the values of the frequency factor were very large. Another apparatus, a rotation disk viscometer, was also used to measure the shear viscosity above Tg. The data obtained by the two experimental methods related to each other well, and the viscosity value at Tg was of the order of 108 Pa s. The viscosity was in the hydrodynamic regime at temperatures sufficiently above Tg, and in the hopping regime below a temperature near Tg. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368020
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Absorption spectra and electronic structure of PrBa2Cu3Oy (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 4436-4441 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We present measurements of the optical transmission and reflection performed at room temperature in the range from 0.2 to 3.5 eV on highly oriented PrBa2Cu3Oy films for oxygen contents between y=6.3 and 6.9. The spectra are discussed in terms of the absorption coefficient, determined directly from the measured transmission and reflection spectra. Three optical absorptions are resolved. For the oxygen content y=6.3, the absorption spectrum shows a gap of 1.1 eV, in good correspondence with the charge transfer gap of 1.21 eV determined from the high temperature conductivity. This energy gap decreases with oxygen content, but still exists for the oxygen content y=6.9. The electronic structure of the PrBa2Cu3Oy system is discussed within a semiconductor model in which the excess oxygen acts as an acceptor. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367203
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On-chip spectroscopic detection of terahertz radiation emitted from a quasiparticle-injected nonequilibrium superconductor using a high-Tc Josephson junction (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 2809-2811 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We report a novel sensitive terahertz spectroscopy in which both the electromagnetic generator and the detector are fabricated on the same chip. The radiation emitted from a tunnel-injected nonequilibrium high temperature (high-Tc) YBa2Cu3O7−y superconductor is detected by a high-Tc bicrystal Josephson junction. The observed data are converted to the spectral data by means of inverse Hilbert transformation. The resultant emitted spectra exhibit a broad peak around 1 THz, extending up to 2.5 THz. The relation to the Josephson plasma emission is discussed. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125157
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decreased β2-adrenergic receptor-mRNA and Ioricrin-mRNA, and increased involucrin-mRNA transcripts in psoriatic epidermis: analysis by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Psoriatic hyperproliferative epidermis is characterized by a decreased β2-adrenergic adenylate cyclase response as well us by altered differentiation markers that include decreased loricrin and increased involucrin, Using a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we analysed the expression of β2-adrenergic receptor-mRNA. loricrin-mRNA, and involucrin-mRNA in the epidermis of five patients with psoriasis vulgaris. The mRNAs of the β2-adrenergic receptor and loricrin in the involved epidermis were significantly decreased, by 0.35-fold (P 〈 0.01) and 0.55-fold (P 〈 0.05) respectively, compared with uninvolved epidermis. In contrast, the involucrin mRNA expression of the involved epidermis was significantly increased, by 3.77-fold (P 〈 0.01). No significant difference in β-actin mRNA transcripts was detected between the involved and the uninvolved epidermis. These results indicate that the altered expression of the β2-adrenergic receptor, loricrin. and involucrin. in the psoriatic involved epidermis, is associated with different amounts of each mRNA transcripts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-903.x
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