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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of fungal rennet byMucor miehei using solid state fermentation (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 32 (1990), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Investigations have been carried out on the production of fungal rennet using a thermophilic strain ofMucor miehei under solid state fermentation conditions. A high milk clotting enzyme activity (58000 Soxhlet units/g) was achieved when optimum conditions were used. Further, a high ratio of 6.6:1 between milk clotting and proteolytic activities for this enzyme was obtained. Cheese prepared using this enzyme was also found to be acceptable in organoleptic quality. Large scale production of the enzyme in trays using the optimum conditions gave milk-clotting enzyme activities comparable to those in flask experiments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00903774
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Study on the production of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone using two methods of fermentation (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 53 (2000), S. 610-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract  The lactone 6-pentyl-α-pyrone has a characteristic coconut aroma and is produced by Trichoderma species. A study on the fermentative production of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone in both surface and submerged conditions by Trichoderma harzianum was carried out. Maximum concentrations of 455 mg/l and 167 mg/l after 96 h and 48 h of fermentation in surface and submerged conditions, respectively, were obtained without using any additional recovery operations. The resultant yields are higher than those previously reported in the literature, which may be attributable to strain characteristics in combination with the choice of fermentation conditions employed in the present study. Enough scope exists for further improvement in the yields by optimizing the cultural and nutritional parameters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051665
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the estimation of fungal biomass during solid-state fermentation (1998)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 50 (1998), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for sensitive, specific and quantitative estimation of fungal biomass during solid-state fermentation is described. Using this method, differential growth rates and colonization of the substrate can be studied. The assay has potential application for the efficient monitoring of solid-state fermentation involving specific fungus, for which available methods are not adequate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051294
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preparation of stearoyl lactic acid ester catalyzed by lipases from Rhizomucor miehei and porcine pancreas optimization using response surface methodology (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 579-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract The esterification reaction between stearic acid and lactic acid using Rhizomucor miehei lipase and porcine pancreas lipase was optimized for maximum esterification using response surface methodology. The formation of the ester was found to depend on three parameters namely enzyme/substrate ratio, lactic acid (stearic acid) concentration and incubation period. The maximum esterification predicted by theoretical equations for both lipases matched well with the observed experimental values. In the case of R. miehei lipase, stearoyl lactic acid ester formation was found to increase with incubation period and lactic acid (stearic acid) concentrations with maximum esterification of 26.9% at an enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio of 125 g mol−1. In the case of porcine pancreas lipase, esterification showed a steady increase with increase in incubation period and lactic acid (stearic acid) concentration independent of the E/S ratios employed. In the case of PPL, a maximum esterification of 18.9% was observed at an E/S ratio of 25 g mol−1 at a lactic acid (stearic acid) concentration of 0.09 M after an incubation period of 72 h.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051563
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparative studies on the metabolism of aniline and chloroanilines by Pseudomonas multivorans strain An 1 (1979)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 7 (1979), S. 181-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Pseudomonas multivorans strain An 1 used aniline but not chloroanilines as the sole source of carbon and energy for growth. The aniline-adapted cells, however, were able to oxygenate chloroanilines. Relative oxygenation rates for aniline, 2-chloroaniline, 3-chloroaniline, 4-chloroaniline, and 3,4-dichloroaniline were 100, 46, 66, 20, and 3%, respectively. The first intermediates in the metabolism of chloroanilines were chlorocatechols. 3-Chlorocatechol accumulated during growth of the organism in the presence of 2-chloroaniline, whereas 4-chlorocatechol was an intermediate metabolite of 3-chloroaniline and 4-chloroaniline. Chloroanilines were able to induce synthesis of the aniline oxygenating enzyme system of Pseudomonas multivorans strain An 1. In continuous culture experiments, induction of this enzyme system appeared to depend on cell density, concentration, toxicity, and pK-values of aniline or chloroanilines. Studies with 14C-labelled 3-chloroaniline and 4-chloroaniline showed that the turnover of chloroanilines did not cease with the formation of chlorocatechols, because radioactivity was detected in the CO2 released and in bacterial cell components. The results suggest that the turnover of chloroanilines is due to metabolism rather than to cometabolism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00505024
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterisation of a starch-hydrolysing enzyme of Aspergillus niger (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 51 (1999), S. 673-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract A UV-induced mutant strain of Aspergillus niger (CFTRI-1105-U9) overproduced a starch-hydrolysing enzyme with properties characteristically different from the known amylases of the fungus. The purified enzyme of 4.0 pI had an apparent molecular mass of 125 kDa and it dextrinised starch and then saccharified the dextrins. Patterns of the enzyme activity on starch, resulting in glucose at 60 °C and glucose, maltose and maltodextrins at 70 °C as primary products, suggested significant applications for the enzyme in starch-processing industries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051450
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isomerization of non-insecticidal α-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) to insecticidal γ-HCH by Pseudomonas strain Ptm+ (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 53 (1999), S. 120-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract Pseudomonas strain Ptm+ grew on α-hexa-chlorocyclohexane (HCH, CAS no. 319846), using it as the sole source of carbon and energy. In a replacement-culture study, with the non-insecticidal α-HCH, γ-HCH (CAS no. 58899) was the first metabolite noticed at 6 h, and transient accumulation of insecticidal γ-HCH occurred for up to 18 h. Although delta- (CAS no. 319868) and beta-isomers (CAS no. 319857) were also detected, their concentrations were very low. By 18 h of incubation, about 23% of the α-HCH added was transformed into the gamma-isomer. Subsequently, the concentration of γ-HCH in the medium fell. Thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and mosquito-larval bioassay analyses confirmed the formation of γ-HCH. This was associated with the formation of three more metabolites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051624
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Regulation of the utilization of 4-hydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxycinnamate in batch and continuous cultures of Pseudomonas testosteroni (1979)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 120 (1979), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Aromatic substrates ; Regulation ; Alternating induction and repression ; Continuous culture ; Pseudomonas
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Pseudomonas testosteroni metabolized 4-hydroxycinnamate by an initial cleavage of the side chain to yield acetate and the aromatic moiety, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The latter was further oxidized via 4-hydroxybenzoate to protocatechuate, which underwent meta cleavage. During growth of the organism on 4-hydroxycinnamate, the $$Q_{O_2 } ^{\max } $$ for acetate showed an undulating pattern, which was attributed to alternating induction and repression of enzymes involved in the oxidation of acetate. Repression was caused either by 4-hydroxybenzoate or by its later metabolites, formate and pyruvate. In batch culture, P. testosteroni oxidized mixtures of 4-hydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxycinnamate in a diauxic pattern. The capacity to oxidize 4-hydroxycinnamate appeared in the cells before 4-hydroxybenzoate was exhausted, indicating that the enzymes catalysing the conversion of 4-hydroxycinnamate into 4-hydroxybenzoate. were induced despite the presence of 4-hydroxybenzoate. The induction of these early enzymes of 4-hydroxycinnamate catabolism started when the molar concentration ratio of 4-hydroxybenzoate to 4-hydroxycinnamate fell below a value of 0.3. In continuous culture of P. testosteroni on a mixture of 4-hydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxycinnamate, both substrates were almost completely utilized up to a dilution rate of about 0.5/h. At higher dilution rates, 4-hydroxycinnamate was decreasingly utilized so that eventually at a dilution rate of 0.74/h, its effluent concentration equalled its influent concentration. At D M, a utilization ratio of 1.23 in favour of 4-hydroxybenzoate was found to become established in the culture. The $$Q_{O_2 } ^{\max } $$ of the cells for acetate was maximal at a dilution rate of 0.38/h and decreased before 4-hydroxycinnamate utilization was at its peak at 0.59/h. This suggested that it was mainly the aromatic moiety of 4-hydroxycinnamate which was metabolized at high dilution rates. The failure to utilize acetate at high dilution rates was apparently due to the repression of its catabolic enzymes by later metabolites of 4-hydroxybenzoate and to the relatively low concentration of acetate in the fermenter. This low concentration, due to the continuous washout of acetate, prevented it from relieving the repression.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00409095
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A chromogenic paper for ultrarapid detection of organochlorine insecticide residues in vegetables (1982)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 28 (1982), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01608579
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enzymatic synthesis of isoamyl butyrate using immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase in non-aqueous media (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 25 (2000), S. 147-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: enzymatic synthesis; esterification; flavor ester; isoamyl butyrate; lipase; solvent-free synthesis; Rhizomucor miehei
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Isoamyl butyrate, an important fruity flavor ester, was synthesized using Rhizomucor miehei lipase immobilized on a weak anion exchange resin (Lipozyme IM-20) by the esterification of isoamyl alcohol and butyric acid. The effects of various reaction parameters such as substrate and enzyme concentrations, substrate molar ratio, temperature and incubation time have been investigated. Yields above 90% were obtained with substrate concentrations as high as 2.0 M. No evidence of enzyme inhibition by butyric acid was present up to 1.0 M concentration. Acid inhibition and, to a small extent, alcohol inhibition were evident above 1.0 M substrate concentration. Conversions reached a saturation value by the end of 24–48 h of incubation due to the accumulation of the water of reaction. The equilibrium was successfully pushed forward towards esterification by removing the accumulated water using a molecular sieve.Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 147–154.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000045
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