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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enzymatic synthesis of isoamyl butyrate using immobilized Rhizomucor miehei lipase in non-aqueous media (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 25 (2000), S. 147-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: enzymatic synthesis; esterification; flavor ester; isoamyl butyrate; lipase; solvent-free synthesis; Rhizomucor miehei
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Isoamyl butyrate, an important fruity flavor ester, was synthesized using Rhizomucor miehei lipase immobilized on a weak anion exchange resin (Lipozyme IM-20) by the esterification of isoamyl alcohol and butyric acid. The effects of various reaction parameters such as substrate and enzyme concentrations, substrate molar ratio, temperature and incubation time have been investigated. Yields above 90% were obtained with substrate concentrations as high as 2.0 M. No evidence of enzyme inhibition by butyric acid was present up to 1.0 M concentration. Acid inhibition and, to a small extent, alcohol inhibition were evident above 1.0 M substrate concentration. Conversions reached a saturation value by the end of 24–48 h of incubation due to the accumulation of the water of reaction. The equilibrium was successfully pushed forward towards esterification by removing the accumulated water using a molecular sieve.Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 147–154.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000045
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mathematical modeling of production of microbial lipids (1991)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 6 (1991), S. 241-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract In the microbial lipid production system using the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis, CFR-1, kinetics of lipid accumulation and substrate utilisation at initial substrate concentrations in the range of 20–100 kg/m3 were investigated using shake flask experiments. A mathematical representation based on logistic model for biomass and Luedeking-Piret model for lipid accumulation gave reasonably good agreement between the theoretical and experimental values for substrate concentration less than 60 kg/m3. The kinetic expressions and parameters obtained through shake flask studies were directly applied to experiments in the laboratory fermentors also and the models were found to hold good for the prediction of the change of biomass, product as well as substrate with time. The attainment of a saturation in the intracellular lipid accumulation with time, however, was not predicted by the model which was shown to be an inherent feature of the Luedeking-Piret model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369553
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A mathematical model for solid state fermentation in tray bioreactors (1993)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 8 (1993), S. 255-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract A simple mathematical model for the interaction of mass transport with biochemical reaction in solid state fermentations (SSF) in static tray type bioreactors under isothermal conditions has been developed. The analysis has enabled scientific explanations to a number of practical observations, through the concept of critical substrate bed thickness. The model will be most useful in the prediction of the concentration gradients as also in efficient design of these bioreactors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369838
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gaseous concentration gradients in tray type solid state fermentors — Effect on yields and productivities (1992)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 8 (1992), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract In aerobic solid state fermentation systems, interaction of mass transfer effects with bioreaction plays an important role on the yields and productivities of the bioreactors. Experimental observations on the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration gradients in a tray type solid state fermentation system are reported in this paper. Steep gradients are experienced in deep beds making large portions of the bioreactor ineffective. The results are useful in the design of the bioreactor in terms of efficient mass transfer as well as critical thickness of the substrate bed to be used.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369266
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A chromogenic paper for ultrarapid detection of organochlorine insecticide residues in vegetables (1982)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 28 (1982), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01608579
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mathematical modeling of production of microbial lipids (1991)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 6 (1991), S. 227-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract As a part of the investigations on the microbial lipid production using the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis, CFR-1, kinetics of the biomass synthesis has been studied using shake flask experiments. Using a medium containing a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 70∶1, the rates of biomass production were followed at different initial substrate concentrations in the range of 20–100 kg/m3. A logistic model was found to be reasonably adequate to describe the kinetics of the growth of biomass; the maximum specific growth rate of 0.105 h−1 was applicable for substrate concentrations less than 60 kg/m3, which gave reasonable agreement between predicted and actual biomass concentration values.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369716
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preparation of stearoyl lactic acid ester catalyzed by lipases from Rhizomucor miehei and porcine pancreas optimization using response surface methodology (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 579-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract The esterification reaction between stearic acid and lactic acid using Rhizomucor miehei lipase and porcine pancreas lipase was optimized for maximum esterification using response surface methodology. The formation of the ester was found to depend on three parameters namely enzyme/substrate ratio, lactic acid (stearic acid) concentration and incubation period. The maximum esterification predicted by theoretical equations for both lipases matched well with the observed experimental values. In the case of R. miehei lipase, stearoyl lactic acid ester formation was found to increase with incubation period and lactic acid (stearic acid) concentrations with maximum esterification of 26.9% at an enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio of 125 g mol−1. In the case of porcine pancreas lipase, esterification showed a steady increase with increase in incubation period and lactic acid (stearic acid) concentration independent of the E/S ratios employed. In the case of PPL, a maximum esterification of 18.9% was observed at an E/S ratio of 25 g mol−1 at a lactic acid (stearic acid) concentration of 0.09 M after an incubation period of 72 h.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051563
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterisation of a starch-hydrolysing enzyme of Aspergillus niger (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 51 (1999), S. 673-675 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract A UV-induced mutant strain of Aspergillus niger (CFTRI-1105-U9) overproduced a starch-hydrolysing enzyme with properties characteristically different from the known amylases of the fungus. The purified enzyme of 4.0 pI had an apparent molecular mass of 125 kDa and it dextrinised starch and then saccharified the dextrins. Patterns of the enzyme activity on starch, resulting in glucose at 60 °C and glucose, maltose and maltodextrins at 70 °C as primary products, suggested significant applications for the enzyme in starch-processing industries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051450
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Study on the production of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone using two methods of fermentation (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 53 (2000), S. 610-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Abstract  The lactone 6-pentyl-α-pyrone has a characteristic coconut aroma and is produced by Trichoderma species. A study on the fermentative production of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone in both surface and submerged conditions by Trichoderma harzianum was carried out. Maximum concentrations of 455 mg/l and 167 mg/l after 96 h and 48 h of fermentation in surface and submerged conditions, respectively, were obtained without using any additional recovery operations. The resultant yields are higher than those previously reported in the literature, which may be attributable to strain characteristics in combination with the choice of fermentation conditions employed in the present study. Enough scope exists for further improvement in the yields by optimizing the cultural and nutritional parameters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051665
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of fungal rennet byMucor miehei using solid state fermentation (1990)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 32 (1990), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Summary Investigations have been carried out on the production of fungal rennet using a thermophilic strain ofMucor miehei under solid state fermentation conditions. A high milk clotting enzyme activity (58000 Soxhlet units/g) was achieved when optimum conditions were used. Further, a high ratio of 6.6:1 between milk clotting and proteolytic activities for this enzyme was obtained. Cheese prepared using this enzyme was also found to be acceptable in organoleptic quality. Large scale production of the enzyme in trays using the optimum conditions gave milk-clotting enzyme activities comparable to those in flask experiments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00903774
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