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  • 1
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Ig secreting cells ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; d-penicillamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Higher numbers of plaque forming (immunoglobulin secreting) cells have been reported among peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis than from patients with spontaneously inactive disease. Patients treated with D-penicillamine who showed a good clinical response were found to have lower numbers of circulating plaque forming cells than were detected in the active rheumatoid group. Similar numbers of plaque forming cells were detected in patients who showed a poor clinical response to D-penicillamine as in the active rheumatoid group (untreated with ‘second line’ drugs). Active rheumatoid arthritis is associated with increased numbers of plaque forming cells in the peripheral blood, changes in the numbers of these cells providing an index of disease activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 8 (1988), S. 135-139 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; Penicillamine ; Radiological assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Progressive joint damage characterises rheumatoid arthritis despite treatment with slowacting drugs such as penicillamine. We examined a cohort of 145 RA patients, treated with 250 or 500 mg penicillamine daily for 18 months to study progressive joint damage measured using Larsen's standard radiographs. Overall damage increased significantly over 18 months at both doses of penicillamine. Radiological changes between 6–18 months were studied in detail in 55 cases. They were divided into rapidly progressive (increases in Larsen score of more than 5) or slowly progressive (increases in Larsen score of 5 or less). Overall clinical response, visual analogue pain score, ESR, haemoglobin and platelet count were significantly lower in the slowly progressive patients; articular index and duration of morning stiffness were slightly lower; latex titre, RAHA titre, joint size and white cell count showed no differences between groups. There is an indirect relationship between progressive joint damage and some clinical and laboratory measures. The reasons underlying our failure to control progression in some cases need further definition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 2 (1982), S. 129-132 
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Indoprofen ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Intraarticular ; Oral
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Six patients (4 men, 2 women) with moderate/large knee effusions due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied after receiving indoprofen, 25 mg intra-articularly and then 200 mg orally 1 week later. There was significant improvement in pain (t=3.74, P〈0.05), morning stiffness (t=2.91, P〈0.05) and range of movement (t=2.52, P〈0.05) for at least 1 week following the intra-articular injection. The terminal phase plasma half-life after the 200 mg oral dose was 6.4±0.7 h (mean±SEM) and was significantly longer than the often quoted plasma half-life of 2–3 h from previous studies, but much less than the pharmacodynamic half-life. Synovial fluid concentration were not significantly different from those in plasma in the post-distribution phase. Intra-articular indoprofen may be a useful addition to the treatment of RA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Reverse haemolytic plaque assay ; Ig secreting cells ; Rheumatoid arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Increased numbers of cells secreting immunoglobulins of class G, M and A have been demonstrated in the peripheral blood of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis using the reverse haemolytic plaque assay. Lower numbers of secreting cells were detected in rheumatoid patients in spontaneous remission. Culture of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells was associated with a fall in the number of immunoglobulin secreting cells. Values for rheumatoid and normal cells did not differ significantly after 3 days of culture. The presence of an activating factor in the rheumatoid patients is postulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Joint damage is a characteristic and important consequence of rheumatoid arthritis; it is usually considered to be a direct result of the inflammatory synovitis. This view implies that by treating actively the synovial inflammation subsequent joint damage will be reduced and the long-term outlook of patients with rheumatoid arthritis thus improved. However, there is relatively little clinical evidence that suppressing inflammation reduces rheumatoid joint damage. An alternative view is that the mechanisms causing inflammation and those leading to joint destruction are parallel processes related only indirectly. Considerable evidence supports such a concept. Clinical studies show radiological progression of the disease occurs despite improvements in measures of joint inflammation and a reduction in the levels of acute phase proteins. Damage can progress in either actively inflamed hot joints or cool swollen joints. Histopathologically the features of rheumatoid synovitis are non-specific, while the radiological pattern of joint damage is very characteristic. There is evidence that lymphocytic infiltration is not a poor prognostic finding, despite it being a typical feature of inflamed joints. Experimental studies also fail to show a close correlation between inflammation and cartilage damage: this is seen in experimental arthritis, coculturein vitro systems, and the air pouch model of cartilage damage. We suggest that attempts to improve the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis should not merely concentrate on controlling inflammation but should also seek to modify the associated connective tissue changes of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A model of reverse passive Arthus (RPA) reaction in the pleural cavity of rats is described. The time course of development of exudate and migration of cells has been examined. It has been found to be complement dependent and dominated by polymorphonuclear cells. The reaction reaches a peak around 6 hours after challenge. Cyclic AMP levels have been measured both intracellularly and extracellularly and have been found to persist at high levels after the waning of the reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A delayed hypersensitivity response was induced in the rat paw using pertussis vaccine. Oedema was measured after the challenging injection.d-Penicillamine and levamisole enhanced the response, while indomethacin suppressed it. This model is useful to distinguish the effects of antiinflammatory drugs from those liked-penicillamine which have a specific activity in rheumatoid arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 6 (1976), S. 341-345 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 6 (1976), S. 618-621 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Male Wistar rats have been sensitized toBordetella pertussis using a mixture of Freund's incomplete adjuvant and pertussis organisms. Intrapleural challenge 12 days later with pertussis produced a marked delayed inflammatory response, maximal at 48 hours and dominated by influx of mononuclear cells. Dosing withd-penicillamine (25 mg/kg) and levamisole (5 mg/kg) at the time of challenge produced a significant enhancement of the reaction. A long period of dosing with either drug, or treatment with indomethacin (3 mg/kg), suppressed the response. The relevance of this to the testing and mode of action of antirheumtic drugs is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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