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  • Electronic Resource  (735)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1970-1974  (735)
  • 1860-1869
  • 1973  (735)
  • Physics  (480)
  • Engineering  (189)
  • Rat  (66)
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  • Electronic Resource  (735)
Years
  • 1985-1989
  • 1970-1974  (735)
  • 1860-1869
Year
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 602-602 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 102
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 94-98 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 103
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 98-100 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 104
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 125-136 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of optimizing the prestressing force and the tendon configuration for an indeterminate prestressed structure with prescribed cross-sectional dimensions is formulated in linear programming form, The structure is subjected to multiple load conditions and constraints are related to the structural behaviour and to the tendon configuration.It is shown that the number of behaviour constraints at each point in the structure can be reduced, as they represent parallel hyperplanes in the design space. Necessary conditions for feasible solutions are derived. The method based on transformation of the design variables, is suitable for beams, frames, grids and plates. Its application is illustrated for the case of a prestressed bridge.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 105
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 242-242 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 106
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 287-295 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a triangular finite element for the solution of two-dimensional field problems in orthotropic media. The element has nine degrees of freedom, these being the potential and its two derivatives at each node.The ‘stiffness’ matrix is derived analytically so that no further integration is required when computations are performed using the element.The results obtained using the element are compared with the exact mathematical solution of both a temperature distribution and a torsion problem.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 107
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 273-286 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In using the finite element method to compute a transient response, two choices must be made. First, some form of mass matrix must be decided upon. Either the consistent mass matrix prescribed by the finite element method can be employed or some form of diagonal mass matrix may be introduced. Secondly, some particular time integration procedure must be adopted. The procedures available divide themselves into two classes: the conditionally stable explicit schemes and the unconditionally or conditionally stable implicit schemes. The choices should be guided by both economy and accuracy. Using exact discrete solutions compared to the exact solutions of the differential equations, the results of these choices are displayed. Concrete examples of well-matched methods, as well as ill-matched methods, are identified and demonstrated. In particular, the diagonal mass matrix and the explicit central difference time integration method are shown to be a good combination in terms of accuracy and economy.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 108
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 337-344 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A curved cubic triangular element which has as nodal parameters the value of the function and its two derivatives is derived by use of a transformation similar to that used for quadrilateral isoparametric elements. A special form of the element which may be used to satisfy the condition that the function is constant along a boundary is also presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 109
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 137-154 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper shows how analytic surfaces can be used to define the vanes of an impeller of a centrifugal compressor. The analysis has been given of a cubic-linear patch for representing three-dimensional geometries. An example has shown how this type of patch can be successfully used to model the geometry of centrifugal or mixed flow impellers having 'swept back vanes at the outlet.The analysis has been programmed for the Atlas computer at the Computer Aided Design Centre (CADC), Cambridge and set up in such a way that the designer can examine systematically a range of impeller shapes.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 110
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 185-194 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The method of lowering the order of a matrix equation which describes the dynamics of a finite element model is presented. The finite element with a ‘truncated’ mass matrix is obtained for calculating thin plate vibrations. Such an element has one vibrational degree of freedom at each nodal point. In the case of uniform systems the accuracy provided by the suggested element is no less than that provided by the non-conforming elements, which have three vibrational degrees of freedom at each nodal point, and in some cases it is greater. The finite elements with a ‘truncated’ mass matrix have essential advantages in the study of non-uniform systems.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 111
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 395-400 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An outline is given of a method for dealing with curved boundaries in finite difference calculations (relaxation or other similar techniques) where the gradient normal to the boundary is specified. Fluid flow calculations using the velocity potential are typical of such problems and the flow round a circular cylinder is computed as an example. The method makes no approximation which is not made in the usual finite difference techniques, therefore accuracy at the boundary is as good as in the remainder of the field.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 112
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 410-410 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 113
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 114
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 255-271 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method is presented for the transient analysis of large-displacement, small-strain problems with material non-linearities. The method employs a convected co-ordinate technique and a direct nodal force computational scheme of considerable efficiency. Detailed formulations are given for a plane, constant strain triangular element and a Euler-Bernoulli beam element. Results are presented for several example problems and compared with experimental data and other numerical solutions.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 115
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 554-556 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 116
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 560-563 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 117
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 566-568 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 118
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 119
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 120
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 543-552 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A relationship is developed between mass condensation and simultaneous iteration when used to determine the natural frequencies and vibration modes of large structural systems. A significant factor in the comparison between the methods is the extra versatility and reliability of simultaneous iteration.
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  • 121
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 565-576 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Interpolation techniques are reviewed in the context of the approximation of the solution of boundary value problems. From the variational formulation, the approximation error norm is related to the interpolation error norm.Among global interpolation techniques, bicubic splines and spline-blended are reviewed; among local, Hermite's and ‘serendipity’ polynomials. The corresponding interpolation error norms are computed numerically on two test functions. The methods are compared for accuracy and for number of operations required in the solution of boundary value problems. The conclusion is that spline interpolation is most convenient for regular hyper-elements, while high precision finite elements become convenient for very fine or irregular partition.
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  • 122
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 591-594 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 123
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 601-602 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 124
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 606-607 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 125
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 529-542 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: For one-, two- and three-dimensional co-ordinate systems finite element matrices for the wave or Helmholtz equation are used to produce a single difference equation holding at any point of a regular mesh. Under homogeneous Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions, these equations are solved exactly. The eigenfunctions are the discrete form of sine or cosine functions and the eigenvalues are shown to be in error by a term of + O(h2n) where n is the order of the polynomial approximation of the wave function. The solutions provide the means of testing computer programs against the exact solutions and allow comparison with other difference schemes.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 126
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 587-591 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The finite element method provides a powerful new instrument in the solving of problems of flow in the subsoil by means of a numerical processor. This new technique may be reinforced, without complicating its numerical aspect, by an appropriate choice of the sub-regions into which the original region is divided.In two-dimensional confined flows particular types of triangular meshes may be adopted which ensure the final matrices to be diagonally dominant both in steady-state and transient conditions, in heterogeneous and anisotropic fields. This will allow the utilization of rapidly converging iterative processes in the solution of the final linear systems with a notable saving of processing time.
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  • 127
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 598-601 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 128
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 603-606 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 129
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 608-608 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 130
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 1-15 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Turbulent boundary-layer flows of non-reacting gases are predicted for both internal (nozzle) and external flows. Effects of favourable pressure gradients on two eddy viscosity models were studied in rocket and hypervelocity wind tunnel flows. Nozzle flows of equilibrium air with stagnation temperatures up to 10,000°K were computed. Predictions of equilibrium nitrogen flows through hypervelocity nozzles were compared with experimental data. A slender spherically blunted cone was studied at 70,000 ft altitude and 19,000 ft/sec in the earth's atmosphere. Comparisons with available experimental data showed good agreement. A computer program was developed and fully documented during this investigation for use by interested individuals.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 131
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 69-83 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A convergence technique for use with the streamline curvature method of cascade and channel flow is presented which produces stable and rapid convergence for subsonic, transonic and supersonic flow and also in the downstream region where the Kutta-Joukowski condition is applied to a cascade flow. The convergence method is fully two-dimensional in nature, the iterative changes being determined via a model which takes into account the actual streamwise error distribution and the real normal changes in the grid.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 132
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 607-608 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 133
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 134
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This article presents an efficient and numerically stable algorithm, along with a complete listing of the associated computer program, developed for the accurate computation of specified roots and associated vectors of the eigenvalue problem Aq = λBq with band symmetric A and B, B being also positive definite. The desired roots are first isolated by the Sturm sequence procedure; then a special variant of the inverse iteration technique is applied for the individual determination of each root along with its vector. The algorithm fully exploits the banded form of relevant matrices, and the associated program written in FORTRAN V for the JPL UNIVAC 1108 computer proves to be most significantly economical in comparison to similar existing procedures.The program may be conveniently utilized for the efficient solution of practical engineering problems including free vibration and buckling analysis of structures. Results of such analyses are presented for representative structures.
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  • 135
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 85-93 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is well known that the finite element method leads to large square symmetric matrices which are highly banded. Even if only the half bandwidth is stored it is easy to saturate the computer storage; this is because the half bandwidth contains a large amount of zeros. This paper discusses an alternative approach where a small rectangular section of the full bandwidth is stored, this method leading to a significant reduction in storage requirements.
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  • 136
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 103-116 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The numerical solution of non-linear diffusion problems is considered from the computational view- point. The advantage of various aspects of the problem solution are considered toward enhancing the computational understanding of the system. First is the analytical solution to the reduced linear case which acts as an error check on the numerical solutions as well as providing a base for a perturbation theory approach. Next are two different numerical solutions which are utilized to generate solution redundancy. These are based upon the method of differential quadrature and the method of finite differences.The application to non-linear transient slab diffusion with a general reservoir boundary condition is shown as an example of the various methods.
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  • 137
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 357-378 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A procedure is described for solving plane strain rigid perfect-plasticity problems which lead to linear integral equations. The problem of finding the initial characteristic (slip-line), from which the complete field can be constructed, is reduced to a simple matrix inversion. Although the form of this matrix will depend on the particular problem concerned, it will be expressible in terms of a few fundamental matrices which occur in all problems of this type. The properties of these basic matrices and FORTRAN subroutines for assimilating them and for performing the corresponding linear transformations are given in detail. In illustration the procedure is applied to a drawing and to a strip rolling problem.
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  • 138
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 325-336 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Kantorovich theorem is virtually the only known sufficiency condition for convergence of Newton's method on a set of non-linear equations. The theorem gives very conservative bounds and is difficult to apply. In this paper the power system load flow problem is solved by Newton's method, and a sufficiency condition for the convergence of the iterations on this particular problem is given. The criterion relates to a condition number defined on the Jacobian matrix associated with the non-linear equations. Computational feasibility is considered and the merits of its use are discussed.
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  • 139
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 379-394 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 140
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 227-228 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 141
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 228-232 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Mr. Bruce Irons recently1 proposed a modification of the Conjugate Gradient Method. This note shows that if the matrix of the original set of equations is symmetric this method will have the same terminal property as the usual Conjugate Gradient Method except for a particular case when it will not converge at all. If the matrix is not symmetric we cannot deduce the usual terminal property.
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  • 142
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 143
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 441-459 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Based on a variational principle due to Gurtin, for linear elastodynamics, a finite element method in terms of stresses is developed for wave propagation problems. The finite element equations are simultaneous integral equations in time, with the peculiarity that they are equivalent to simultaneous linear differential equations with zero initial conditions. Written as differential equations, the finite element equations are of the form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ [H]\{ s\} + [Q]\{ \mathop s\limits^{..} \} = \{ q(t)\} $$\end{document} where [H] is a symmetric positive-semidefinite matrix, [Q] is a symmetric positive-definite matrix and the stresses are represented by {s̈}. This is, of course, the same form as the equations for the displacement formulation.As a demonstration of the validity of the formulation numerical results are compared with a solution for a triangular-shaped strip load applied to an elastic half-space as a ramp function of time. This solution is obtained by numerical integration of the exact solution for Lamb's problem of a line load suddenly applied to a half-space. The agreement is found to be generally very good. As a further example, the case of a plate subject to uniform tension on two ends and containing a hole in the centre is presented. The results are found to be reasonable in that the characteristic stress concentration occurs near the hole, and away from the hole the results are similar to the solution for an infinitely wide plate.
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  • 144
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    Notes: This paper describes an efficient numerical algorithm for the accurate computation of specific eigenvalues and related vectors of spinning structures. The Sturm sequence technique is first applied to isolate the required roots, which are then individually located by an inverse iteration technique adopting an efficient matrix formulation specially developed for this purpose. The associated digital computer procedure is numerically stable, which also fully exploits the banded form of relevant matrices. Furthermore, the algorithm proves to be much faster than other related existing procedures.A computer program, based on the current algorithm, has been developed in FORTRAN V for the JPL UNIVAC 1108 computer. Numerical results for representative structures, computed by the program, are also presented in detail. Extensive applications of the program are envisaged in the attitude control of spacecraft and in the natural frequency analysis of spinning structures, discretized by the finite element method.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 553-554 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 568-570 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 574-575 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Integration formulas for polynomial expressions in terms of natural co-ordinates are extensively quoted without proof in standard references on finite element theory. A derivation of these relations is presented and their application is extended to non-integral exponents.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 491-496 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Eguicofactor properties of the entities occurring in electric networks and discrete elastic systems extend beyond the present definition of such entities. For instance, the zero-sum property of these matrices is, in fact, a particular version of a broader definition. The generalization is accomplished in using higher order submatrices as opposed to scalars (submatrices of order 1) in the present literature.
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  • 149
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 537-543 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Numerical solutions are presented for the problem of minimum weight design of a thin one-dimensiona simply-supported, solid panel in compression with one side exposed to a parallel high supersonic air flow. The flutter speed is held fixed, and a minimum thickness constraint is imposed. In addition, a multiplier technique is incorporated into the discrete variable minimization process to improve the convergence speed.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 7 (1973), S. 519-536 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method is presented for minimum weight optimum design of symmetric fibre-composite laminates subject to multiple in-plane loading conditions which takes into account membrane stiffness requirements and strength limitations. The problem is cast as a non-linear mathematical programming problem in which the thicknesses of material placed at preassigned orientation angles are treated as the only design variables. The non-linear programming formulation is transformed into a sequence of linear programs employing an adaptation of the method of inscribed hyperspheres in which only critical and near critical constraints are considered at each stage in the procedure. Example applications illustrate that the method presented offers an efficient and practical optimum design procedure for the fundamental and recurring problem treated.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 303-309 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A method of lower bound plastic analysis of axisymmetric slabs for shakedown conditions is described which permits inclusion of stochastic parameters. All solutions are obtained numerically using a mathematical programming approach. Results are for concreteslabs.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 327-336 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A computational procedure is presented for calculating the maximum likelihood sampled parameters for the gamma and beta distributions. The procedure employed is both computationally efficient and easy to use. In order to facilitate immediate application, a self-contained FORTRAN IV computer code has been included to carry out the necessary operations.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 311-325 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Finite elements having linear moment distributions and use of linearized yield criteria allow one to determine lower bounds to the collapse load of thin plates as solutions of linear programs.The method is quite general and rigorously meets the requirement of the lower bound theorem of limit analysis for concentrated or line load distributions. Ways of treating distributed surface loads are also discussed and tested.Actual bounds are computed for a variety of plate problems governed by Tresca yield criterion and compared with previous solution obtained from higher order stress elements and non-linear optimization techniques. The comparison shows that the present method can yield accurate bounds with considerably shorter computer times and relatively small number of elements. Additional tests show that numerical convergence to the limit loads is assured by suitable refinement of the mesh pattern.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 337-349 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A general power series method is developed to aid in obtaining changes in the response variable due to changes in design parameters. The approach is considered for eigenvalue problems and systems of simultaneous equations which may represent static, dynamic and stability response problems. Particular emphasis is placed upon the eigenvalue problem and techniques for improving the calculations form the power series are suggested utilizing modified Rayleigh quotient expressions. Each of the methods proposed is treated computationally by the formulation of a finite element solution of column elastic stability. Investigations of solution accuracy versus percentage variation in element stiffness, whether the method underestimates or overestimates the changes, and the required number of eigenvalue solutions are presented.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 351-365 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A practical finite element method is presented for geometrically non-linear (von Kármán) plate problems. Symmetric strain energy tensors provide an efficient formulation and solution, and allow the effects of initial imperfections to be considered. An unbalanced force iteration is employed, with the advantage that the time consuming Gauss decomposition needs to be performed only once. The convergence is controlled by an automatically computed relaxation factor, and this makes the method applicable in advanced stage of non-linearity.Several different triangular elements are used in explicitly the required tensors. Buckling and post-buckling solutions are outlined and demonstrated by numerical examples.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 367-373 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: For boundary value problems of the second order in two variables, there are proposed elements suitable for use along the curved part of the boundary. Numerical results show a considerable improvement of accuracy.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 375-381 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A finite element approximation technique is described in which the potential energy function is minimized subject to liner constraints. The constraints require satisfaction of all kinematic boundary conditions and interelement continuity conditions. An example, indicating the efficiency of the proposed method, is presented.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 383-394 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Recent publications have emphasized the advantages of the sparseness of the over-all stiffness matrix of a structure. An alternative to setting up the over-all stiffness matrix is to use sub-structures. The main purpose of this paper is to show that there is equivalence between these two approaches when rows are not interchanged. It follows that a sparse matrix method can never be more efficient than the sub-structure method, if a suitable choice of sub-structures is assumed. However when identical sub-structures are contained within a structure the repetition can be utilized by the sub-structure method. In such cases the sub-structure method will often be quicker than the best sparse matrix solution.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 419-442 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A finite element formulation for flow of fluid in a porous elastic media has been derived from a Gurtin type variational principle. Biot's field equations for porous media have been used in which the constitutive relations include the compressibility of the fluid. It has been shown that by proper choice of the form of the compressibility of the fluid as a function of the state variables, this option of the formulation can be used to treat the partially saturated soil. The method is general with respect to geometry, boundary conditions and material properties. Finally, the results of a series of examples have been presented and compared with exact results to demonstrate accuracy and applicability.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 395-418 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This article presents an efficient digital computer procedure, along with the complete listing of the associated computer program, which may be conveniently utilized for the accurate solution of a wide range of practical eigenvalue problems. Important applications of the present work are envisaged in the natural frequency analysis of spinning structures discretized by the finite element technique, and in the determination of transfer function associated with the dynamic blocks of control systems of spacecraft utilizing gas jets or reaction wheels for attitude control, as well as of spin-stabilized and dual-spin-stabilized satellites.The validity of the Sturm sequence property is first established for the related matrix formulation involving Hermitian and real symmetric, positive-definite matrices, both being usually of highly banded configuration. A numerically stable algorithm based on the Sturm sequence method is then developed which fully exploits the banded form of the associated matrices. The related computer program written in FORTRAN V for the JPL UNIVAC 1108 computer proves to be extremely fast and economical in comparison to other existing methods of such analysis. Numerical results are presented for spinning bent cantilever beam and the solar arrays of SKYLAB, the earth-orbiting space station proposed by NASA.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 443-446 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: To isolate the relative accuracy in the numerical approximation of the natural boundary conditions, a plane- stress example is presented for which the field equations using finite element and finite difference methods are identical. For this example, and by implication a wider class of problem, it is demonstrated that by using conventional practice in both methods the implicit representation of the natural boundary conditions in the finite element gives rise to a lower numerical accuracy than that in the less convenient explicit satisfaction of these boundary conditions in finite difference method.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 446-449 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This note presents a FORTRAN sequence for solving a particular case of the ‘bounded variables’ problem.1 It is this problem, rather than the standard linear programming problem, which appears when systematic matrix methods are applied to the rigid-plastic collapse analysis of a plane frame or truss The method uses considerably less storage than a standard simplex approach, and produces the collapse mode as a by-product of the calculation. The sequence is part of a complete program for the plastic collapse analysis of frameworks, details of which may be obtained from the author.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 452-452 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973) 
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 449-452 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: The problem of small sinusoidal oscillations imposed on a stagnation point flow is considered. This leads to an ordinary differential equation which, in the high frequency limit, has a simple solution. An iterative method (involving a linear integral operator) is developed, starting from this basic solution. This scheme, performed numerically, is ‘under-relaxed’ and this renders it applicable to as wide a frequency range as possible: convergence criteria are discussed in terms of the relaxation parameter. The streamwise velocity profiles computed are compared with those given by an independent method.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 455-458 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Some finite element solutions for the Saint Venant torsion problem accounting for orthotropy, inhomogeneity and multiply connected sections are presented. The Prandtl stress function formulation is used. The stresses, torsional stiffness and warping function are calculated. On the basis of various approximations using higher order elements the choice of ‘the best’ element is discussed.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 459-463 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A method of loading axisymmetric finite element models by application of a uniform circumferentially distributed moment is presented herein. Operationally, this is accomplished by changing the radius of curvature of some reference point in the axisymmetric model. The radius change gives rise to hoop strains, which are used in an ‘initial strain’ method to actually load the model. The resulting pure axisymmetric moment is computed by integrating the hoop stresses thus generated over a cross-sectional cut through the axisymmetric model. For non-linear problems, the procedure just described can be performed incrementally. Several numerical examples are presented herein to illustrate the method, such as bending of a curved bar, sharp folding of a thin sheet and bending of a toroidal tube until the cross-section is flattened.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 481-497 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A finite element method for solving Laplace's, Poisson's and Helmholtz's equations in the axisymmetric case is developed. Complete polynomial functions of arbitrarily high order are used as basis functions. Each triangular element is described by a matrix equation involving cotangents of the vertex angles, the vertex co-ordinates and the triangle area, as well as certain universal numeric matrices. The method of obtaining these matrices is given in detail. The matrices depend only on the polynomial order; values of all matrices to sixth order inclusive have been computed. Important properties of the matrices are discussed and simple example problems are presented.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 465-479 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: A method of viscoelastic contact stress analysis introduced in an earlier paper10 is developed further to treat two problems: the steady-state rolling of a cylinder and axisymmetric impact of a sphere. The procedure is equally applicable to a medium of infinite depth (half-space) or to a slab of finite thickness. The analysis is based on the computation of a set of viscoeiastic influence coefficients. To find the pressure distribution on the instantaneous contact surface, point matching is used. In the rolling problem, a study is made of such phenomena as critical speed and the effect of medium thickness through a comparison with existing results. The impact problem is solved in an iterative scheme of successive approximations. An example is presented for the study of typical impact parameters.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 499-502 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: It is common in numerical viscoelastic stress analysis to represent the material functions as Prony series.1 Often series representations for creep function representations are available (for example, see Reference 2) and the stress analysis method requires a relaxation function representation. This paper describes an efficient and reliable method to numerically perform the inversion. An example is given for the inversion and a subsequent re-inversion indicates the accuracy of the method.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 517-521 
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    Notes: A numerical method for obtaining the Green's functions for Poisson's equation with mixed boundary conditions is presented. The Green's functions thus obtained are then employed to rapidly obtain numerical solutions of the above equation by matrix multiplication, with subsequent considerable savings in machine time.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 523-542 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Southwell's stress functions, hitherto used for static analysis of plate flexure problems, are generalized for use in the dynamic analysis of plates. Four finite element models for plate analysis are formed using stress functions. These are used in the numerical calculation of the natural frequencies for some plate problems and the results are compared with alternative solutions.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 503-515 
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    Notes: A mathematical basis is presented for the determination of material properties from arbitrarily shaped experimental specimens. The experimental method is derived from an application of numerical boundary value problem solutions to the specimen stress analysis and from the application of a least squares criterion to the comparison of analytical and experimental deformations.Material properties are determined mathematically from the solution to a non-linear set of equations, in which the non-linearity is a function of the specimen type, number of data points and the quality of recorded data. Several solution techniques, based on either direct iteration or function minimization are examined in terms of the parameters affecting convergence.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 543-556 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: The finite element method is applied to stability and large deflection analysis of plates and shallow shells. Based on the von Karman strain expressions for plates and the Marguerre shallow shell theory, equilibrium and incremental equations for a non-linear analysis by finite elements is developed. Great emphasis is placed on the specific matrix formulation, thereby obtaining a highly efficient method that is well suited to modern electronic computer analysis. A doubly curved, non-linear quadrilateral element is developed. The versatility and efficiency of the present method is illustrated by several examples including large deflection and post shear-buckling behaviour of plates and snap-through of shallow shells.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 565-571 
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    Notes: This paper presents a realization procedure for two-dimensional digital filters. The novel procedure evolves from a state space description of the analog filter function and a method of discretization. Examples are presented to illustrate the method proposed. A discussion of small computer implementation of the two-dimensional digital filter is also included.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 557-564 
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Notes: Convergence of the solution for the far scattered field of a conducting cylinder of arbitrary cross-section is investigated by studying the scattering of a transverse magnetic field by a conducting triangular prism. It is shown that the convergence of the solution depends mainly on the physical size of the cross-section and not on the form of the current distribution on the prism.
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 585-587 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 179
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 573-583 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An attempt is made to evaluate the relative merits of first and second order triangular elements in axially symmetric elastostatic stress analysis. The presented results should be of value to those requiring comparison data. Typical stresses, displacements and computer times are presented for three specific numerical examples. Where available, the elasticity solution is used to evaluate the accuracy of computed results. Comparisons indicate that for the same nodal point configuration, the second order solutions are generally better than the corresponding first order solutions, even though the latter involve many more elements. Furthermore, the second order elements may lead to improved results even when fewer nodal points are used. Finally, computer times seem to be higher for the first order solutions and the numerical effort required to obtain comparable accuracy is much greater for the first order solutions.
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 588-589 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 181
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 589-591 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 182
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 591-592 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 183
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 5 (1973), S. 592-592 
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    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 184
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973) 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 185
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper, we are concerned with applying the finite element method to seek an approximate numerical solution to a class of unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow in ducts with arbitrary cross-section. A consistent discrete model for the MHD flow equation with a small magnetic Reynolds number has been developed via the concept of finite elements. A numerical example of MHD flow in a rectangular duct is given, and its results of velocity profiles are compared with the results obtained by other methods.
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  • 186
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 11-24 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element displacement analysis of multilayer sandwich beams and plates, each with n stiff layers and n-1 weak cores, is presented. Each layer of the sandwich structure may have individual orthotropic properties of its own and the bending rigidities of the stiff layers are taken into account while direct stresses in cores are neglected in the analysis. The condition of common shear angle for all cores, which has been used by several authors is not implied in the formulation.Several examples on bending problems have been solved using lower-order elements and the accuracy of the results has been shown to be excellent. Two higher-order elements have also been developed but have not been found to yield much better results.The free vibration problems of multilayer sandwich structures have also been solved, and good accuracy is demonstrated.
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  • 187
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 25-32 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A description of a computer program giving the path of a percolating smooth spherical particle through a three-dimensional cluster of stationary spheres, under the influence of a gravitational field is presented.The history of the moving particle starting with an arbitrary velocity and position is followed. The coefficient of restitution for the spheres is an input variable. When the gravitational force approaches zero and the coefficient of restitution is unity, the computer program can also be utilized for the treatment of radiative heat transfer and for Knudsen diffusion in packed beds.
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  • 188
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 33-38 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is shown that the finite element method can be used advantageously in generating the normal equations of a given photogrammetric network for block adjustments. In this method aerial (or spatial) photographs of a block are processed one at a time, in any random order, to generate the portion of the coefficient matrix between the main diagonal and the variable band and the right hand vector of the normal equations, related with the adjustments to the control points. Any known information related with the adjustments may be imposed, and an internal control point relabelling scheme may be used during the assembly process, in order to minimize the actual computer storage area and the solution time requirements. The paper shows the analogies between the linear equilibrium problems of structural mechanics, and the block adjustment problems of photogrammetry, in order to enable the students of both fields to use the same computer software. In this context, plate-point adjustment matrices and plate-point load vectors for the adjustment problem (corresponding to the element stiffness matrices and the element load vectors of equilibrium problems) are defined and explicit expressions are given.
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  • 189
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 39-54 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a general theory and application of the finite element method for some special class of non-self-adjoint problems. The formulation employed here is based on the Galerkin method for linear boundary value and eigenvalue problems described by the partial differential equations of elliptic type, and it can be regarded as an extension of the usual displacement method formulated by the use of the principle of minimum potential energy. In order to illustrate its validity and feasibility, the method is applied to the problems of the two-group neutron diffusion equations and of the stability of a non-conservative system.
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  • 190
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 55-61 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A technique is described wherein improved stresses can be computed in finite element models based on displacement approximations. The method is based on the idea of consistent stress approximations and it approximates such stresses using the notion of a domain of influence of the stress intensity at a nodal point. Considerable improvement in accuracy of the stresses is obtained with little difficulty.
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  • 191
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 63-73 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The results of three finite element stress analysis programs are compared for the problem of the elasto-plastic bending of a notched beam under plane strain conditions. Both Tresca and von Mises yield criteria are considered and the numerical results are compared with an available analytical solution based on slip-line field theory. The general conclusion is drawn that finite element methods can be used with confidence in elasto-plastic stress analysis.
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  • 192
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 75-88 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a new method of formulating the finite element relationships based on the least squares criterion. To overcome the high degree of inter-element continuity, a method of reducing the original governing differential equation to a set of equivalent system of first-order differential equations is proposed. The validity of the method is demonstrated by means of several numerical examples. In particular, application of the method to problems with unknown variational functionals is considered.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 193
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 89-101 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical solution algorithm employing the finite element concept of solid mechanics is derived for the transient laminar two-dimensional flow of an incompressible viscous fluid. Through dependent variable transformation, the problem is uniformly recast into the solution of a quasi-linear elliptic boundary value-problem, for which the finite element solution theory is established. The algorithm is uniquely user-oriented in accepting the generalized elliptic boundary condition specification of any non-coordinate-surface solution do main closure segment and on employing an arbitrarily irregular computational latticc. Numerical results are presented for several problems in internal flow illustrating solution accuracy, convergence, versatility and the ability to predict imbedded regions of recirculating flow.
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  • 194
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 103-115 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A numerical method for the analysis of one-dimensional propagation of elastic-plastic stress waves in cylindrical bars is proposed. The method is based on the division of the bar into elements of finite length and the solution of the equations of motion for these elements.Numerical results are presented for semi-infinite bars and a finite bar fixed at one end.
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  • 195
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 117-128 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: It is shown how the stress field due to any prescribed continuous distribution of dislocations can be determined. The finite element method is employed giving wide freedom with regard to boundary geometry and material properties. The presentation is limited to situations which conform to either the standard plane or anti-plane conditions. Some results are obtained for simple dislocation configurations and compared with theoretical expressions available. Solutions are then obtained to problems in which the material behaves elasto-plastically, a limiting shear stress criterion being employed. Finally the analysis of discrete edge dislocations by use of the slab analogy is presented.
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  • 196
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 137-140 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 197
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An efficient digital computer procedure and the related numerical algorithm are presented herein for the solution of quadratic matrix equations associated with free vibration analysis of structures. Such a procedure enables accurate and economical analysis of natural frequencies and associated modes of discretized structures.The numerically stable algorithm is based on the Sturm sequence method, which fully exploits the banded form of associated stiffness and mass matrices. The related computer program written in FORTRAN V for the JPL UNIVAC 1108 computer proves to be substantially more accurate and economical than other existing procedures of such analysis. Numerical examples are presented for two structures: a cantilever beam and a semicircular arch.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 198
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 141-145 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The problem of generation of surplus displacement variables in general purpose finite element codes, using the displacement method, is discussed. A method of automatic selection of independent variables is proposed which eliminates abortive computer runs from this source and saves engineer data preparation. Extensions of the algorithm are outlined and the uniqueness of solution demonstrated by an example.
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  • 199
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    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 145-146 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
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  • 200
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    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 6 (1973), S. 146-147 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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