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  • 1970-1974  (346)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1970  (346)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (346)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 144-144 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 102
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 163-169 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the dimethyl and diethyl esters of phosphonic, phosphorochloridic and phosphorochloridothioic acid have been obtained, and the main paths of decomposition of their positiveions have been compared. Losses of formaldehyde occur from positive ions of all the methyl esters. Losses of C2H3· radicals occur consistently from the positive ions of the ethyl esters, but diethyl phosphorochloridothioate differs in showing a principal decomposition path involving initial loss of acetaldehyde. Other details are discussed.
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  • 103
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 241-242 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Migration of the ethynyl group, from sulfur to oxygen in acetylenic sulfoxides and sulfones leads to several documented examples of carbon-oxygen bond forming rearrangement reactions.
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  • 104
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The formation of m/e 165 in the spectrum of benzyl phenyl ketoxime involves the intermediacy of a rearranged 2,3-diphenyl-2-H-azirine radical ion. 2H and 13C labelling of the ketoxime together with 2H labelling of the azirine has allowed certain proposals to be made concerning the complex processes producing m/e 165 in both spectra. The mode of formation of m/e 167 in the spectrum of benzyl phenyl ketoxime has also been studied.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 105
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 963-965 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 106
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 107
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In view of the current interest in the electron-impact induced rearrangements of both trimethylsilyl derivatives and bifunctionalized cyclohexanes, the mass spectral properties of several alkoxycyclohexanol trimethylsilyl ethers and alkoxycyclohexyl trimethylsilanes have been investigated. Using deuterium labeling, the basic fragmentation modes incurred upon electron-impact of ethanol trimethylsilyl ether were elucidated. The major peaks in the spectrum of this simple ether occur also in those of the title compounds, the latter fragments having been formed by interaction of the two functional groups. Thus the initial rearrangement ion of mass 103 (e) from electron bombardment of 4-ethoxycyclohexanol trimethylsilyl ether and 2-ethoxycyclohexyl trimethylsilane corresponds to the [M — CH3] ion from ethanol trimethylsilyl ether. Its further fragmentation has been studied using high resolution and metastable ion measurements, and the scope of the interaction between the alkoxy and trimethylsilyl groups, when silicon is attached both to oxygen and to carbon, has been determined. In addition, the origin of every ‘characteristic’ fragment ion has been elucidated on the basis of each corresponding peak in the spectra of several derivatives labeled specifically with deuterium. Peaks derived from initial ionization of both functionalities in each compound have been observed, although the majority of ions in the spectra of both series seem to be directed by fragmentations associated with the trimethylsilyl ether moiety.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 108
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 661-668 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The transition, [C12H10]+3→[C11H7]+2 + [CH3]+, has been detected both in the ion kinetic energy spectrum and in the mass spectrum of biphenyl. The width of a resulting ‘metastable peak’ has been measured by setting the magnetic field to accept [C11H7]+2 ions and scanning the high voltage at fixed electric sector voltage. The kinetic energy released in the decomposition, calculated from the peak width, amounted to 4.5 eV. With the assumption that this energy release is due entirely to charge separation, the charge distribution in [C12H10]+3 is discussed. The derivation of the equations used to calculate the energy released is given in the Appendix.
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  • 109
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1095-1096 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron-impact induced retro-Diels-Alder reaction of 5- and 6-substituted tetralins has been examined. Most electron-donating groups at C-5 retard the fragmentation relative to tetralin; whereas, electron-withdrawing groups slightly increase the fragmentation.
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  • 110
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1099-1116 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of methyl 3-, 4- and 5-phenyl pentanoates, and all the straight-chain methyl phenylnonanoates have been recorded. The major fragmentation patterns have been discussed; when the phenyl group is non-terminal, cleavage was observed at the branching position. It is shown that a mixture of methyl 3-, 4- and 5-phenylpentanoates may be analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively by mass spectrometry; in a methyl phenylnonanoate mixture a similar analysis is possible with the exception of the 8- and 9-phenyl isomers.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 111
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Apparently competing cleavage and rearrangement reactions in a series of molecular ions have been studied by ionization and appearance potential methods, and by determination of the electron energy dependence of both normal and metastable daughter ion peak intensities. The processes investigated were (i) [M — CH3] vs. [M — CH2O] in anisole; (ii) [M — OC6H5] vs. [M — CO] in phenyl ether; (iii) [M — NO2] vs. [M — NO] in nitrobenzene; (iv) [M — C3H7] vs. [M — C2H4] in butyrophenone: (v) [M — C3H7] vs. [M — C3H6] in n-butylbenzene; (vi) [M — CH2OH] vs. [M — CH2O] in 2-phenylethanol; (vii) [M — CH3CO2] vs. [M — CH2CO] in benzyl acetate; and (viii) [M — C4H9O] vs. [M — C4H7] in n-butylbenzoate. The results are interpreted in terms of k vs. E curves with very different frequency factors for the two reaction types. Appearance potentials of metastable ions for the rearrangement reactions have also been measured.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 112
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 113
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 114
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 875-877 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Recent publications1,2 concerning the mechanism for the electron-impact induced loss of carbon monoxide from the molecular ion of thionylaniline have led to an examination of thionylaniline-1-13C. The results show that the C-1 carbon atom is not lost in this process, but only suggest the loss of the C-2 carbon atom.
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  • 115
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 969-969 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 116
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 117
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1519-1522 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several 3,5-diarylisoxazoles are reported. The fragmentation patterns of 3-aryl-5-phenyl- and 5-aryl-3-phenylisoxazoles are very significantly different.
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  • 118
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1359-1364 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The molecular ion of the phenothiaphosphine derivatives is fairly stable. Under electronimpact, the phenothiaphosphines (I) and phenothiaphosphinic acids (IV, R = H) undergo a one-step elimination of the phosphorus atom together with the groups attached to it. Substitutents in the aromatic rings, as well as on the phosphorus, influence the fragmentation pattern; ring methyl, e.g. leads to tropylium structures. Phosphine oxides of type V lose RO·, probably after a rearrangement, when R = aryl, but R· if it is methyl.
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  • 119
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of nine compounds belonging to the group of (-)-kauran-16-ols are reported. These compounds differ either by stereochemistry at C16 (I, II) or by the nature of the substituent at C4 (III to VIII). In all cases the most characteristic ions correspond to a process in which ring D is split off and lost as a C3H6O fragment. The nature of the substituent R1 at C4 can be deduced from such typical ions as [M — R1]+ or [M — R1 — H2O]+. Kauranols epimeric at C16 show little difference in their mass spectra; the assignment of configuration at this centre may be reliable only when the spectra of both epimers are compared.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 120
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several fluorenylidene-triphenylphosphoranes have been studied and the fragmentation reactions have been interpreted. An intramolecular rearrangement leading to the 9-phenylfluorenium ion has been discovered.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 121
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1463-1465 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An improved method of molecular formula determination without any standard sample is proposed. 2-Aminopyridine was examined as an example and unambiguous molecular formula determination was made.
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  • 122
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    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970) 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 123
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1505-1518 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the homologous series of acids HOOC(CH2)nCOOH from n = 0 to 12 have been studied together with certain deuterium labeled members. The fragmentation mechanisms of the lower homologues are discussed in some detail. The loss of one or two molecules of water from the molecular ions was shown to proceed most favorably via a 6-centred intermediate involving the methylene group β- to a carboxyl function. It was observed that the ease of carboxyl-carboxyl interaction promoting CO2 elimination from the molecular ion could be simply correlated with n and thus serves as a structure-identifying feature.
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  • 124
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1499-1503 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Differences in the appearance potentials of normal fragment ions and of metastable transitions leading to the formation of the same fragment ions have been measured in the mass spectra of a number of compounds. The differences varied from 0.1 to 1.0 eV and were attributed to the measurable part of the kinetic shift. An approximate correlation was found between the intensity of a ‘metastable peak’ and the observed difference in appearance potentials, and it is suggested that the full kinetic shift for processes giving rise to intense ‘metastable peaks’ is substantially larger than the measurable part. The implications of this in thermochemical calculations are discussed.
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  • 125
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1535-1537 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Phenylflavazole derivatives of monosaccharides show structurally characteristic and easily interpretable mass spectral fragmentation processes. The position of the deoxy or methoxy grouping may be conveniently localized.
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  • 126
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Characteristic fragmentation processes of aliphatic sulphoxides and sulphones such as loss of hydroxyl, ‘alkene’ and/or ‘alkenyl’ are associated with hydrogen migrations to oxygen. A study of the mass spectra of di-n-butyl sulphoxide and sulphone, the saturated five-, six- and seven-membered ring sulphoxides and sulphones and their site-specifically deuterated analogues shows that these hydrogen migrations are nonspecific.Apparently steric factors play an important role in determining the relative contributions of initial hydrogen transfer from the various positions. The sites of abstraction probably determine the extent of competition between consecutive or concerted loss of hydroxyl, carbon-sulphur fission or other processes (e.g. McLafferty rearrangement).Apart from the McLafferty rearrangement only the loss of hydroxyl from sulphones shows a strong dependence on the site of initial hydrogen abstraction: γ-hydrogen is lost preferentially, yielding a cyclized [M — OH] ion.
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  • 127
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1600-1600 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 128
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 229-235 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study has been made of the spectra of a series of compounds containing both a styryl and a benzoyl π-electron system separated by one to four methylene groups. Of particular interest is a fragmentation process which involves both functional groups, yet only proceeds when they are separated by at least four methylene units.
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  • 129
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 249-256 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of nine pyrrolizidine alkaloids retronecine, heliotridine, 7-angeloylretronecine, 7-angeloylheliotridine, echimidine, heliosupine, lasiocarpine, heliotrine and echinatine -  were studied. Particularly the structures of the ions m/e 214, 197 and 156 in the spectrum of heliotrine are discussed. The ionization and appearance potentials for selected ions were measured for the first six alkaloids, which are pairs of epimers.
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  • 130
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 299-313 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A number of impurities have been extracted from yellow phenolphthalein by thin layer chromatography and characterized on the basis of their mass spectra. One of these by-products appears to be fluoran while the structure proposed for a second accounts for the properties ascribed to it by previous investigations. The bulk of the impurity appears to consist of condensation products of three molecules of phenol with two of phthalic anhydride.
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  • 131
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 109-119 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of 1-, 2- and 3-hydroxyquinolizidine have been determined. In all cases the elimination of an hydroxyl radical is a more favoured process than the elimination of water. This has been substantiated by specific deuterium labelling. The fragmentation patterns of the three isomers allow for each compound to be identified specifically.
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  • 132
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 147-155 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of cis- and trans-decahydroquinoline, their N-methyl and their N-benzoyl derivatives have been examined. Several deuterated derivatives of the N-methyl compounds and one C-methyl derivative have been prepared and a study of their spectra has aided in the interpretation of the mechanism of fragmentation. The major fragment ions are formed by loss of two, three and four carbon fragments from the homocyclic ring.
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  • 133
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 165-174 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report the mass spectra of a series of O-alkyl-N-p-toluenesulfonyl carbamates with the following alkyl substituents: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, neopentyl, β-phenethyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl, cyclohexyl, α-phenethyl, tert-butyl and tert-amyl. The fragmentation of the primary and secondary alkyl substituents involves a rearrangement accompanied by the loss of SO2 followed by fragmentation of the [M - 64] radical-ion to produce cresol as one of the principal fragments. The [M - 64] fragment of branched alkyls also undergoes a McLafferty rearrangement to yield either O-p-tolyl carbamate or N-p-tolyl carbamic acid and the corresponding olefin. In contrast, O-tert-alkyl-N-arylsulfonyl carbamates yield fragmentation patterns similar to those observed for N-tert-alkyl arylsulfonamides. The spectrum of O-tert-butyl-N-p-methoxybenzenesulfonyl carbamate exhibits strong [M - 44] and [M - 59] peaks which correspond to the loss of CO2 followed by a methyl radical from the molecular ion. Introduction of methyl groups either to the sulfonyl carbamate nitrogen atom or the ortho positions of the aryl substituent of O-tert-butyl derivatives forces the molecular ion to rearrange with a loss of SO2 instead of CO2.
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  • 134
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 195-201 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fragmentation of six and eight membered methyl substituted cyclocarbosiloxanes of general formula (CH3)6Si3O3 — n(CH2)n (n = 1 or 2) and (CH3)8 Si4O4-n(CH2)n (n = 1, 2 or 3) under electron-impact (70 eV) is reported. The behaviour of these compounds under electron-impact is intermediate between that of the corresponding cyclosiloxanes and cyclocarbosilanes. In every case the most intense singly and doubly charged ions correspond to the loss of one and two methyl groups respectively. In going from the cyclosiloxanes to the cyclocarbosilanes the intensity of the primary ions is reduced and the intensity of those fragment ions whose formation involves the rearrangement or breakdown of the cyclic framework of the molecule is increased. These ions are the [M —CH3—(CH3)4Si]+ ions in the eight membered and the [(CH3)3Si]+ ions in both cases. The data on doubly charged and metastable ions in the mass spectra of the cyclocarbosiloxanes are presented and discussed.The fragmentation of six and eight membered methyl substituted cyclocarbosiloxanes of general formula (CH3)6Si3O3 — n(CH2)n (n = 1 or 2) and (CH3)8 Si4O4-n(CH2)n (n = 1, 2 or 3) under electron-impact (70 eV) is reported. The behaviour of these compounds under electron-impact is intermediate between that of the corresponding cyclosiloxanes and cyclocarbosilanes. In every case the most intense singly and doubly charged ions correspond to the loss of one and two methyl groups respectively. In going from the cyclosiloxanes to the cyclocarbosilanes the intensity of the primary ions is reduced and the intensity of those fragment ions whose formation involves the rearrangement or breakdown of the cyclic framework of the molecule is increased. These ions are the [M — CH3—(CH3)4Si]+ ions in the eight membered and the [(CH3)3Si]+ ions in both cases. The data on doubly charged and metastable ions in the mass spectra of the cyclocarbosiloxanes are presented and discussed.
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  • 135
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 241-248 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectra of cyclopenin (I), viridicatin (III), 3-benzylidene-3,4-dihydro-4-methyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2,5-dione (VI) and derivatives of these systems were measured. Fragmentation schemes are proposed based on high resolution data, metastable peaks and, where appropriate, on deuterium labeling. The decomposition of I is found to follow pathways different in several respects from those proposed by Luckner et al. on the basis of low resolution spectra.
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  • 136
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In contrast to the numerous studies of the mass spectrometric fragmentation behavior of saturated aliphatic ketones, that of unsaturated ketones has received only scant attention. The present article is concerned with high resolution measurements and deuterium labeling studies of 17 α, β-unsaturated ketones in order to define their fragmentation modes after electron-impact. Several hitherto undescribed cleavage processes were thus uncovered. For instance α, β-unsaturated methyl ketones (type A) eliminate acetone from their molecular ions through a double hydrogen transfer process. Such a reaction is suppressed in the presence of an α-alkyl group (type B) where it is superseded by the loss of this alkyl substituent through an a prioriunfavorable rupture of a vinylic bond. In those α,β-unsaturated ketones (type C) which can undergo the McLafferty rearrangement, evidence is presented for the occurrence of subsequent methyl loss - a process which seems to be associated with the presence of the conjugated double bond. Whether this is due to prior ketonization of the enol, contrary to the behavior of saturated alicyclic ketones, remains to be determined.
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  • 137
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 353-359 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The study of 19-substituted derivatives of α and β3-fluoro 17β acetoxy 5-androstene shows important differences in the fragmentation pattern according to the substitution and to the stereochemistry of the fluorine.
    Notes: L'étude de dérivés substitués en 19 des fluoro-3 α et β acétoxy-17β androsténe-5 montre des différences importantes dans la fragmentation selon la substitution et selon la stéréochimie du fluor.
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  • 138
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 373-382 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of twenty-seven C-19 modified cholestane derivatives have been determined, and have been compared with the mass spectra of similar compounds reported1 in the cholesteryl series. In the spectra of 2α,19-dihydroxy-5α-cholestane (la), initial loss of the 10β-hydroxymethyl group was observed followed by loss of water, whereas with the 2α-methoxy and 2α-acetoxy derivatives (Ib, Ic), loss of the 2α-substituent as methanol and acetic acid respectively, preceded the elimination of the 10β-hydroxymethyl group. Loss of the 10β-hydroxymethyl group was also observed in Δ1-, Δ2- and 2-oxo derivatives (VI, Va and VII), whilst loss of both the 1 substituent and the 10β-hydroxymethyl group from the molecular ion was observed with the 1α-ol (IIa) and the 1β-yl-chloride (III).In a series of 19-acetoxy derivatives loss of acetic acid [M - 60] from the 19-acetoxy group, involving abstraction of a sterically favourable hydrogen, always occurred, although this was usually accompanied by loss of the 10β-acetoxymethyl residue [M - 73].The mass spectra of a series of 10β-carboxylic acids and their methyl esters were more complex with three or more fragmentation patterns being observed. 1,3-Diaxial interactions, similar to those observed in chemical reactions, were observed in the mass spectra of three 2β-oxygenated-19-substituted compounds.
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  • 139
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The mass spectrometric fragmentation with 20- and 70 eV electrons of fifteen N,N′-diaryl-ethylenediamines (II-XVI) substituted in one benzene ring has been investigated. The compounds decompose to the ions a and b as shown in the Scheme (p. 408). The log [A]/[B] ratios correlate very well with Taft's σ0-(but not with σ- or σ+-) constants; ρ20 eV = -2·71; ρ70 eV = -2·21. This correlation suggests that the ions a and b possess the open structure indicated and not the phenoniumion structure c and d, and that the course of the fragmentation is largely determined by the relative stabilities of the ions formed by the decomposition of the molecular ion.
    Notes: Es wird die massenspektrometrische Fragmentierung mit 20- und 70 eV Elektronen von fünfzehn in einem Benzolkern substituierten N,N′-Diaryl-äthylendiaminen (II-XVI) untersucht. Diese Verbindungen zerfallen gemäss Schema S. 408 in die Ionen a und b. Die log [A]/[B]-Verhältnisse korrelieren sehr gut mit den Taftschen σ0-(aber nicht mit σ- oder σ+-) Werten; ρ20 ev = -2,71; ρ70 ev = -2,21. Diese Korrelation weist darauf hin, dass den Ionen a und b die angegebene offene Konstitution und nicht die Phenoniumionenstruktur cund dzukommt und dass die relative Stabilität der aus dem Molekular-Ion entstehenden Ionen in erster Linie die Fragmentierung bestimmt.
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  • 140
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 475-479 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The isomeric 3,4-diethylmuconic acid dimethyl esters behave differently under electronimpact. Methanol elimination from the molecular ion is one of the most important processes in the trans, trans diester. In the cis, cis and cis, trans isomers, however, the loss of a methoxyl radical from the molecular ion occurs to a much greater extent than elimination of methanol. This distinctive behaviour is interpreted in terms of different distances between the methoxy groups and the allylic hydrogen atoms in the geometrical isomers. Other differences in the mass spectra of the isomers are reported and discussed.
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  • 141
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 513-517 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The negative-ion mass spectra of some pyridines, pyrazines and their N-oxides are reported. All of the compounds examined fragment by generation of CN- ions. The alkylated derivatives readily form [M - 1] anions. Most of the N-oxides yield O- and OH- ions. Polar substituents control the fragmentation processes involving the heterocyclic ring to which they are bonded.
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  • 142
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 545-553 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The substituent effect on the fragmentation of substituted N,N-diphenyl acetamides which proceed via an aryl transfer from the amide nitrogen to the carbonyl oxygen was investigated. With monosubstituted compounds (I)both the migration of the unsubstituted and the substituted aryl ring, with subsequent elimination of the corresponding phenoxy radical, and formation of the nitrilium ions c and d, respectively, are possible. With increasing electron releasing properties of the substituent, migration of the substituted aryl moiety is preferred (d). In the presence of an o- or p-diphenylamino group the migration of the unsubstituted phenyl ring is completely suppressed. Besides d, these compounds furnish substituted phenol ions (f)formed by a similar rearrangement and subsequent specific hydrogen transfer. Reaction mechanisms based on the different charge stabilization in the molecular ions are discussed. In o-diphenylamino substituted compounds (and other derivatives of o-diphenylamino aniline) further characteristic fragmentations occur which were assumed to proceed via a dihydrophenazine intermediate(l).
    Notes: Der Substituenteneffekt auf die unter Arylverschiebung vom Amidstickstoff zum Carbonylsauerstoff verlaufenden fragmentierungen kernsubstituierter N.N-diphenyl-acetamide wurde untersucht. bei monosubstituierten verbindungen (I), bei denen Wanderung des unsubstituieren und des substituierten Phenylrests mit anschließender Abspaltung als (substituiertes) Phenoxyradikal zu den Nitrilium-Ionen c bzw. d eintreten kann, erfolgt mit zunehmendem elektronenspendenden Charakter des Substituten eine bevorzugte Verschiebung des substituierten Arylrests (d). Liegt eine ortho- oder para-ständinge Diphenylaminogruppe vor, so wird die Verschiebung des unsubstituierten phenylrests sogar vollständing unterdrückt. Neben d liefern diese Verbindungen aber substituierte Phenol-Ionen (f), die durch eine ähnliche Umlagerung mit einer nachfolgenden, spezifischen Wasserstoffverschiebung entstehen. reaktionsmechanismen, die auf der unterschiedlichen Ladungsstabilisierung in den molekül-Ionen basieren, werden diskutiert. Die o-Diphenylamino-substituierten Verbindungen (sowie andere Derivate des o-Diphenylamino-anilins) zeichnen sich durch weitere charakteristicshe Fragmentierungen aus, für die als Zwischenstufe eine Cyclisierung zu einem Dihydrophenazin (l) angenommen wird.Unserem verehrten Lehrer, Herrn Professor Dr. R. Tschesche, zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet.
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  • 143
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 4 (1970), S. 599-605 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Low resolution mass spectrometric studies were carried out on biphenyl, the 2-, 3- and 4-methyl substituted biphenyls, the 2,2′-, 2,3′-, 2,4′-, 3,3′-, 3,4′- and 4,4′- dimethyl substituted biphenyls, in addition to diduryl. Number and position of the methyl substituent have a marked effect on the observed fragmentation. In biphenyl and the monomethyl series [M - 1] is a major fragment whereas in the dimethyl series and diduryl the [M - 15] represents a significant ion species. A methyl located in the ortho position results in the greatest influence on the cracking pattern. Potential mechanisms are discussed.
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  • 144
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1085-1088 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of bisulfite derivatives of liquid aldehydes and cyclic ketones is reported to facilitate sample handling in mass spectral analysis of these compounds. The carbonyl compounds can be regenerated from their sulfinate derivatives in the direct probe. Precautions must be taken to avoid back exchange of enolizable deuterium atoms in labeled carbonyl compounds.
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  • 145
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1351-1353 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The CH3OH elimination from one of the α-cleavage ions produced by fragmentation of the methyl esters of long-chain amino-acids is triggered by the interaction of both functional groups, even when these are located far apart. It involves, in part, one of the hydrogen atoms from the amino group and in part, one of the hydrogen atoms of the methylene group α to the NH2-bearing carbon. Mechanisms for these eliminations are proposed and a comparison is made with the fragmentations of the ω-amino esters, previously studied.
    Notes: L'élimination de CH3OH à partir d'un des ions de coupure α produits par la fragmentation des esters des aminoacides à longue chaîne est induite par l'interation des deux fonctions même lorsque celles-ci sont éloignées l'une de l'autre dans la molécule. Elle met en cause en partie un atome d'hydrogène du groupe NH2, en partie un atome d'hydrogène du CH2 en α du carbone qui porte le groupe NH2. Des mécanismes sont proposés et une comparaison est faite avec les fragmentations des ω-aminoesters, déjà étudiés.
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  • 146
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1371-1377 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Metastable ion decompositions involving the loss of hydrogen and deuterium from partially deuterated toluene ions were studied using a double focusing mass spectrometer. The electric sector voltage was adjusted so that the only ions transmitted were those which lost a particular fraction of their kinetic energy in decompositions taking place in front of the electric sector. Transitions involving loss of mass 1 or mass 2 from the molecular ions of toluene-α-d3 and toluene-2,3,4,5,6-d5 were studied. The results showed that in these slow reactions, the ‘preference factor’ defined as the ratio of the probability of loss of a hydrogen atom from a side-chain position to loss of a hydrogen atom from a ring position was 1.00. The ‘isotope factor,’ defined as the ratio of the probability of loss of a hydrogen atom from any position to that for the loss of a deuterium atom from the same position was found to be 3·50.
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  • 147
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral and pyrolytic dissociations of o-nitroanisole are reported. The parent ion dissociates by two pathways, principally through loss of CH2O, but a significant fraction through loss of NO. The parent-less-30 peak is therefore a doublet, as shown by high resolution measurements. The thermal decomposition at 600°C and above proceeds also by two pathways, but these are the loss of HNO and HNO2, to form 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene and benzaldehyde respectively.
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  • 148
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1433-1438 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carnitine and its O-acyl derivatives undergo two major pyrolytic reactions in the mass spectrometer. Firstly elimination of water from carnitine or acid from acylcarnitine takes place followed by intramolecular displacement and formation of crotonyl lactone and trimethylamine. Secondly intramolecular displacement occurs with formation of a substituted γ-lactone and trimethylamine. For the lower acid derivatives only the elimination pathway is important. For carnitine and higher derivatives both processes are important.The electron induced fragmentations of the major pyrolysis products are relatively simple. The most important pathways for the major components are discussed.The pyrolytic composition and mode of fragmentation are characteristic and can be used for identification purposes.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1472-1472 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 150
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1471-1471 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 151
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970) 
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  • 152
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Many reports on the mass spectra of organotransition-metal complexes have appeared in recent years,1 whilst there have only been a few reports on the mass spectra of transition metal olefin complexes, some metal carbonyl olefin complexes234 and π-cyclooctenyl-π-cyclooctadienyl cobalt.5 Recently fragmentation paths of π-cyclopentadienyl-cyclooctadiene rhodium were elucidated by King.6 The present authors found metastable ions in the mass spectra of π-cyclopentadienyl-diene cobalt complexes as well as in the mass spectra of π-cyclopentadienyl-diene rhodium complexes.7.In the present paper the authors wish to report the mass spectra of several π-cyclopentadienyl diene cobalt complexes.
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  • 153
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of cyanuric chloride and all of the possible amino-and ethylaminochloro-s-triazines have been investigated. The simpler compounds provide evidence for the structures of low mass fragment ions found in the spectra of the more complex derivatives. Fragmentation patterns are presented which account for most of the major ions. These pathways involve either the initial loss of a chlorine atom (important for the simple aminochlorotriazines) or ring cleavage with expulsion of cyanogen chloride (important for cyanuric chloride). The ethyl derivatives undergo cleavage of the side chain prior to either ring cleavage or chlorine expulsion.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 154
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of a number of 1,3-dieneiron tricarbonyl complexes have been investigated. It has been shown that complexes derived from substituted 1,3-cyclohexadienes lose hydrogen or methane in the mass spectrometer to lead predominantly to the formation of odd electron ions containing the iron atom bonded to an aromatic system. The fragmentation route followed by these complexes and those from acyclic dienes is compared.
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  • 155
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 156
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 287-302 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nine phenoxarsine derivatives with arsenic in the trivalent state and the pentavalent state are synthesized and studied by mass spectrometry. Their characteristic fragmentation modes and the fragment ions with common structures are discussed. Phenoxarsinic acids are found to be unstable in the gaseous phase at the temperatures studied and tend to form their corresponding anhydrides.
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  • 157
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The expulsion of a bromine atom from the molecular ion of β-bromoethyl benzoate displays a kinetic behavior which resembles that of a rearrangement reaction. The two oxygen atoms in the resulting [M — Br]+ ion become equivalent before or during the secondary decomposition of this ion, as shown by oxygen labeling. In addition, the primary ions generated from benzophenone ethylene ketal and acetophenone ethylene ketal by phenyl and methyl expulsion, respectively, undergo subsequent fragmentation in the same way as the [M — Br]+ from β-bromoethyl benzoate. These results strongly indicate that the carbonyl-oxygen atom participates in the expulsion of bromine. The effect of ring substituents on the competing loss of bromine and McLafferty rearrangement is also discussed.
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  • 158
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 379-386 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relative abundance of [M + H]+ ions in the spectra of different nitriles depends on the nature of the nitrile. A new method for the identification of ion-molecule reactions has been applied, by determining the [M + D]+ ion intensity with respect to the [M + H]+ ion intensity in the spectra of partially deuteriated alkyl cyanides. This intensity ratio is correlated with the hydrogen-deuterium content of the suspected primary ions. In addition not only the reacting primary ions, but also the reactive hydrogen atom in the primary ion could be indicated. There is clear evidence that the proton attached to the nitrogen atom in the H2C=C=N+·—H rearrangement ion is transferred to the nitrile molecule.
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  • 159
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 687-688 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 160
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 841-861 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several alkylhydroxynaphthoquinones and chemically related cyclic compounds were subjected to mass spectrometric investigation. Fragmentation pathways were elucidated by use of metastable ions, relative intensities of normal ions and accurate mass measurement. In these series, differences in the spectra of 1,2- and 1,4-naphthoquinones are slight. Evidence for ring expansion in ions from furans is suggested.
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  • 161
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 899-913 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of thiochromanone (I), isothiochromanone (II)-2-, 3- and 8-methylthiochromanone and the sulfoxides and sulfones derived from these cyclic sulfides have been determined and the major fragmentation routes established. For the iso series loss of SO or SO2 competes effectively with the retro-Diels-Alder reaction; however, for the thiochromanone derivatives the retro-Diels-Alder reaction is the major fragmentation route. There is no evidence for rearrangement of the sulfoxides or sulfones to sulfenates or sulfinates, respectively, prior to fragmentation.
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  • 162
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of many triphenyl/tetraphenyl derivatives of the Group IV and V elements exhibit the processes [M+· — C12H10] and/or [M+· — C6H5· — C12H10]. These fragmentations are not preceded by hydrogen scrambling between all the phenyl rings. Hydrogen scrambling does occur in certain fragment ions prior to fragmentation in both the positive and negative-ion spectra. The process [M+· — C12H10] occurs in the negative-ion mass spectrum of tetraphenylsilane.
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  • 163
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 955-962 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of several ms-porphyrins and their metalloderivatives have been obtained on an AEI MS-902 mass spectrometer. The main features of these spectra are very stable parent peaks and relatively abundant doubly-charged and triply-charged fragments. Metal substitution has a drastic effect on the fragmentation pattern, which discloses formation of fragments with a stable composite π-electron ring, including Hückel rings. Ion-molecule reactions giving products up to [M + 124]+ are also reported.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 967-968 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The loss of methyl group giving a peak of high intensity is observed in the mass spectra of 1,3,5,7-tetrasilaadamantanes. This skeletal rearrangement must involve the simultaneous rupture of three bonds and concomitant hydrogen transfer. The spectra of the tetrasilaadamantanes are considerably different from the spectrum of adamantane.
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1035-1042 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method combining thermal fragmentation and mass spectrometry for the determination of the position of double bonds in an unsaturated ester is presented. The thermal fragmentation of methyl esters of deuterated long chain carboxylic acids yields a homologous series of olefins plus a homologous series of unsaturated esters. The positions of the deuterium atoms in the original ester are revealed by the deuterium content of its fragments as determined by mass spectrometry. Therefore, the positions of double bonds of a polyunsaturated acid can be determined by pyrolysis after saturation by deuterium. The structures of the unsaturated fragments are ascertained by mass spectrometric method, and the formation of the ion [M - 32] in the mass spectrometric fragmentation of unsaturated methyl esters is studied by means of deuterium labeling.
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  • 166
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1049-1054 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectrum of meconine (I), a constituent of raw opium, exhibits several anomalous features (e.g. pronounced loss of H2O from the molecular ion) which are not readily explicable in terms of simple fragmentation processes. The study of the low resolution mass spectrum of meconine and its derivatives in conjunction with deuterium labeling experiments has indicated a highly specific fragmentation mechanism in which both hydrogen atoms eliminated as H2O originate from the methoxy function ortho to the lactone carbonyl group in meconine.
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  • 167
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1067-1074 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of a number of alkyl and aryl acetylenic ketones of the type RCO·C≡C·C≡C·R′ have been examined. All the spectra exhibit molecular ions together with the expected intense fragments arising from cleavage α-to the carbonyl group. The most striking feature of the ketone spectra is the loss of CO from the molecular ion. This process dominates the spectra of the aryl ketones, the spectra below [M - 28]+·. being virtually identical to those of the corresponding phenylacetylenes. The spectra of the piperidene and/or morpholine adducts of the alkyl ketones are very similar to those of the parent ketone whereas those of the aryl ketones are dominated by the loss HO· from the molecular ion. Deuterium labelling has established the site of the hydrogen involved as being the carbons α- to the nitrogen of the heterocyclic ring.
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  • 168
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The [C6H6O]+· ion from C6H5OC4H9 is structurally similar to the molecular ion from phenol as demonstrated by 13C labeling.
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  • 169
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The mass spectra of methyl ethers of cyclopentane-, cyclohexane- and cycloheptanediols contain a characteristic m/e 75 peak of ions of the structure ⊕CH(OCH3)2, which are formed by 1,3-, 1,4- or 1,5-migration of a methoxy group. The formation of these ions does not depend on the stereochemistry of the original molecule; probably the methoxy group migration occurs after α-cleavage of the molecular ion in an open chain radical ion: In the case of cycloalkanes with three or more methoxy groups the m/e 75 rearrangement ions give rise to one of the most prominent peaks of the mass spectra.Chemical bonds, terminating at a carbinol-C-atom, are weaker than normal. The presence of several carbinol-C-atoms in the molecular ions of cyclic polymethoxy compounds therefore favours fragmentations which differ from those of simple derivatives of cyclanols and which are typical of the position of the methoxy groups.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung-Die Massenspektren der Methyläther von Cyclopentan-, cyclohexan, und Cycloheptandiolen besitzen einen deutlichen Peak m/e 75 von Ionen dr Struktur ⊕CH OCH3)2, die durch 1,3-, 1,4- oder 1,5-Wanderung einer Methoxygruppen entstehen. Die Bildung dieser Ionen ist nicht abhängig von der Stereochemie des Ausgangsmoleküs, vermutlich erfolgt die Methoxygruppenwanderung in einem durch α-spaltung entstandenen offenkettigen Radikal-Ion: Bei Cycloalkanen mit drei und mehr Methoxygruppen geben die Umlagerungsionen m/e 75 durchweg einen der gröten Peaks der Massenspektren.Die von einem carbinol-C-Atom ausgehenden Bindungen sind geschwächt. Die Anwesenheit mehrerer Carbibnol-C-Atome in den Molekül-Ionen cyclischer Polymethoxyverbindungen begünstigt daher Fragmentierungen. die von den Zerfallsreaktionen einfachr Cyclanolderivate abweichen und charakteristisch für die Stellung der Methoxygruppen sind.
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  • 170
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1219-1221 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 6-Thiopurine and its N- or C-alkyl derivatives all form an [M - 1]-ion upon fragmentation. In the 7-alkyl derivatives, this ion represents the major component of the spectrum. This is ascribed to formation of a five-membered thiazoline-like ring. Similar ring formation stabilises the [M - 1]-ion in the 7-methyl derivatives of hypoxanthine, adenine and 6-selenopurine.
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  • 171
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 172
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1239-1254 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Detailed comparison of the fragmentation behavior of a series of beryllium β-diketonates with that of the corresponding series of β-diketones reveals a number of striking differences. A-typical fragmentations are observed for diketones and diketonates with trifluoromethyl and α-phenyl substituents.
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  • 173
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1283-1286 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fragmentation of azarsatriptycene and its oxide proceed with initial rearrangement of the molecular ion to give polycyclic systems: it is suggested that similar rearrangements may account for the behaviour of triptycene itself in the mass spectrometer.
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  • 174
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1307-1315 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The low resolution mass spectra of α-dimethylaminoacetophenone and γ-dimethylaminobutyrophenone are compared to those of δ-methylhexanophenone and dimethyl n-butylamine as well as to those of α-dimethylaminoacetonitrile and γ-dimethylaminobutyronitrile. Analysis indicates that significant fractions of the fragmentations of the aminoketones are directed by the carbonyl. In particular, McLafferty rearrangement of the γ-aminoketone is favored over α-cleavage from nitrogen at ionizing voltages below 15 eV. Although the overall fragmentation patterns are presumably determined both by the distribution of charge and by the relative rates of the fragmentation processes available to the two ionized groups, the intrinsic rates for α-cleavage at ionized nitrogen and at ionized carbonyls appear to be very similar. Kinetic analysis suggests that 26% of the charge resides on the carbonyl in the γ-aminoketone molecular ion. The extent of delocalization of charge in any aminoketone may be partially controlled by the extent of spatial overlap of the two groups. Correlations of mass spectral behavior with photochemical behavior are thus limited because electronic excitation is more localized in the lowest excited states of molecules than charge is in electron-impact produced molecular ions.
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  • 175
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1341-1348 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of twenty-eight N-substituted 2-aminobenzoxazoles and 2-aminobenzothiazoles have been recorded and the identity of various ions in the mass spectra have been established by high resolution measurement. The molecular compound of series, benzoxazole, undergoes loss of hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide from the molecular ion as the most important decomposition pathways. The mass spectra of N-substituted benzothiazoles showed a similar fragmentation as that of N-substituted benzoxazoles.
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  • 176
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of six phenanthro(9,10-d)-oxazoles, thiazoles and imidazoles are reported. The decompositions of the phenanthro(9,10-d) derivatives resemble the corresponding benzo heterocycles. A C13H7 fragment was found to be characteristic of these phenanthro compounds. Deuterium labeling was used to show that there is no correlation between the formation of the C13H7 from the phenanthro compounds and the C13H9 observed in the spectra of 4,5-diphenyl substituted heterocycles.
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  • 177
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectra of some selenides, sulphides and ethers of furan, thiophene and selenophene series are described. A new fragmentation reaction, consisting in splitting off alkyl, insertion of heteroatom in the cycle and loss of one of heteroatoms as C=X, is discussed in detail.
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  • 178
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1423-1432 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the three isomeric trimethylanilinium oxides and their methyl-d3 analogues show that the m- and p- isomers undergo intermolecular trans-O-alkylation before evaporation. In the o-isomer, only 10% transalkylated product is observed and there is strong evidence that most of this isomer evaporates without undergoing structural changes. By indirect introduction, however, the o-isomer showed only transalkylated product.The most important fragmentation patterns on electron-impact are α-cleavage on the N-methyl carbon or expulsion of the O-substituent with formation of a quinoid structure. The latter dominates for the o- and p-methyl ethers while the former is the most important pathway for the m-isomer and for the corresponding phenols. Lower fragments are of modest intensity.
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  • 179
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    Biological Mass Spectrometry 3 (1970), S. 1523-1526 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectrum of 1-chlorobenzotriazole contains ions derived from benzotriazole, a product of an exchange reaction with water in the source of the mass spectrometer. Relatively intense ions derived from iodine, iodine monobromide and other inter-halogen compounds are also observed. These species are produced by oxidation of involatile halide coatings in the source region by 1-chlorobenzotriazole. It is suggested that anomalous peaks produced by oxidation-reduction reactions in the source may be expected in the spectrum of any organic oxidant.
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  • 180
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Specific 13C-labelling in the side-chain of 1-phenylethylbromide and of styrene shows that it is not necessary to assume eight-membered ring structures for the [C8H9]+- and [C8H8]++·-ions to explain the almost complete randomization of all hydrogen atoms, as might be concluded from D-labelling data. It is now suggested that the eight-membered ring is predominantly present in [C8H9]+ and [C8H8]+· ions of low internal energy. In particular this appears to apply to styrene, which generates a cyclooctatetraene molecular ion with the original side-chain carbon atoms still linked together, as shown by 13C-labelling.
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  • 181
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  • 182
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 324-324 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 183
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 184
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: PMR studies of a series of 2,4- and 2,6- dinitrophenyl- and 2,4-dinitronaphthyl- aryl ethers strongly indicate the existence of preferred conformations. Extensive conjugation of the ether linkage with the dinitro ring, resulting in their coplanarity, is an important stereochemical influence. In the ensuing skew conformation the dinitro ring is positioned in such a way that the 6-substituent is proximal to the other ring. In the case of the 2,4-dinitrophenyl ethers (1) this is the 6-proton, which shows the expected shielding due to the ring current in the other ring. In the 2,6-dinitrophenyl-(2) and 2,4-dinitronaphthyl-(3) ethers, this is a nitro group, twisted out of coplanarity to fit over the other ring, whose magnetic anisotropy is reflected in the shielding experienced by the 6′-protons. When there is a 2′-substituent present the ring which bears it twists in such a way as to bring the 6′-proton closer to the proximal nitro-group, explaining the greater shielding observed in these cases. Variable temperature studies provided further evidence in favor of these conformations since no significant changes were observed from -55° to + 155°, even for compounds with four substituents flanking the ether linkage. Nevertheless, the compounds studied here are not frozen in these conformations, but probably inter-convert via concerted rotation with others.
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  • 185
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study, using NMR techniques, of the propensity of complex formation of silver ions with hydrocarbons and heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur is described. The results are compared with similar data using 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene as an acceptor. The differences in the two sets of data are interpreted in terms of localized and delocalized interactions in the formation of weak complexes.
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  • 186
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 503-510 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1H and 19F spectra of a variety of mono- and di- fluorinated pyridines are examined, and compared with the corresponding spectra of the pyridinium ions. The magnitudes and signs of the 1H—19F coupling constants are in general in accord with those observed for the corresponding 1H—1H couplings, with an exaggerated range. Large changes in the NMR parameters are observed on protonation of the nitrogen, 3J(H—F) changing sign in some of the α-fluoropyridine derivatives.
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  • 187
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 527-528 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 188
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Newly determined and accurate data for the magnitudes of cis vinyl proton-proton spin-spin coupling constants in cis-dialkylethylenes and cycloalkenes have been obtained. With these new data and also values taken from the recent literature, it has proved possible to make a critical determination of the correlation between 3J(H—H) and C=C—H bond angles in ethylenic systems. It is suggested that it is possible to obtain accurate estimates of bond angles using NMR coupling constants, even though much more data will be required to fully substantiate this proposal. Whereas cis-3J(H—H) decreases rapidly with increasing C=C—H bond angles, evidence is presented that the opposite is the case for trans-3J(H—H). A brief theoretical discussion of these trends in coupling constants is given.
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  • 189
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 529-529 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 190
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 530-530 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 191
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970) 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 192
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 531-537 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chondroitin 4-sulfate (Ch4S), chondroitin 6-sulfate (Ch6S), dermatan sulfate, chondroitin and desulfated dermatan sulfate were peracetylated and the derivatives isolated in yields of 45 to 88%. Acetate-methyl signals in the NMR spectra of these derivatives in D2O were analyzed using a correlation of the chemical shifts to the orientations. The lC conformation of hexopyranosiduronic acid moieties was estimated in these derivatives. No significant change of the chemical shifts was observed with the NMR spectra measured in D2O, in 7 M urea solution, in the various diluted solutions, and in the temperature range of 2 to 95° in D2O.
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  • 193
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Restricted rotation around the C—C bond in the O=C—C=C—N system is responsible of the s-cis and s-trans conformers as shown by the NMR spectra of vinylogous amides (CH3)2N—CH=CH—CO—R. Substituent effect (nature of R) is discussed in terms of conformational equilibrium. Theoretical line shapes have been computed and fit reasonably well with the experimental spectra; activation functions were also derived.
    Notes: L'effet de la nature du substituant R sur l'équilibre conformationnel s-cis-s-trans est examiné dans la série (CH3)2N—CH=CH—CO—R. L'utilisation d'un programme de calcul des courbes théoriques de l'échange permet la détermination des paramètres d'activation ΔH* et ΔS*.
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  • 194
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 557-560 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The influence of hydrogen bonds on the chemical shift non-equivalence of geminal methyl groups in recently investigated carbinols has been eliminated by using the formyl derivatives of the general formula RCH(OCHO)C(NO2)Me2. The observed increasing non-equivalence, with the rise of temperature, provides more convincing evidence of the intrinsic non-equivalence.
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  • 195
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 569-575 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemical shifts and coupling constants are reported for a series of the title compounds and the effects of substituents on these values correlated with the corresponding effects in benzenes. Partial bond fixation in these and other benzo-heterocycles is discussed together with the general prediction of NMR parameters in substituted heterocycles.
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  • 196
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The temperature dependence of the NMR spectrum of 5,5-dimethyl-3,7-dithia-1,2-benzocyclo-heptene-(1) is described and discussed. This compound occurs in two conformers with different topographies of the seven membered ring. From the chemical shift of the 2 geminal methyl groups (obtained by low-temperature spectra) it can be shown that the ring occurs in one case in the chair form and in the other case in the twist form. The free conformational energy of the twist form is only about 20 cal/mole. Two conformational changes can be distinguished: the conversion between chair and twist forms and the pseudorotation of the twist forms. The free activation enthalpies of the conversion (ΔGV≠) and the pseudorotation (ΔGP≠) are 12·6 ± 0·1 Kcal/mole (at -12°C) and 8·3 ± 0·3 Kcal/mole (at -95°C) respectively.
    Notes: Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Protonenresonanzen (PR) des 5.5-Dimethyl-3.7-dithia-1.2-benzocycloheptens-(1) wird beschrieben und diskutiert. Diese Verbindung liegt in zwei Konformeren mit unterschiedlicher Topographie des Siebenringes vor. Anhand der den Tieftemperatur-spektren entnommenen Werten der chemischen Verschiebung der Signale geminaler Methylgruppen wird gezeigt, daß der Siebenring bei einem dieser Konformeren Sessel-, beim anderen Twistform hat. Die freie Konformationsenthalpie des Twistkonformeren beträgt nur etwa 20 cal/Mol. Zwei konformative Umwandlungsprozesse können kinetisch verfolgt werden: Die Version zwischen Sessel- und Twist-Konformationen und die Pseudorotation der Twist-Konformationen. Die freie Aktivierungsenthalpie ΔGv≠ der Version berträgt 12,6 ± 0,1 kcal/Mol(bei - 12°C), die freie Aktivierungsenthalpie ΔGP≠ der Pseudorotation 8.3 ± 0.3 kcal/Mol (bei -95°C).
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  • 197
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    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the basis of NMR spectra of trans- and cis-2-alkoxy-5,6-α-pyran-6-carboxylic esters it was found that, at room temperature, the trans-compounds exist exclusively in the conformation with equatorial carbalkoxy and pseudoaxial alkoxy groups. The cis-isomers appear to be in conformational equilibrium between a form with equatorial carbalkoxy and pseudoequatorial alkoxy groups and that with axial and pseudoaxial substituents. In the latter case, the axial carbalkoxy group is bent out off its normal position by about 15°.
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  • 198
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    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 71-78 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Interpretation of the NMR spectra of the isomeric 2-cyano-2-alkyl-5-norbornenes allowed the assignment of their respective structures. In the case of the 2-cyano-2-methyl-5-norbornene the structure assignment was confirmed by chemical synthesis (alkaline hydrolysis and iodo-lactonisation).
    Notes: L'attribution de structure des deux isomères cyano-2 alcoyl-2 norbornène-5 est possible grǎce aux données de la RMN. Une interprétation des spectres de ces dérivés bicycliques set donnée. Dans le cas des cyano-2 méthyl-2 norbornènes-5 une confirmation de structure a pu ětre donnée par voie chimique (hydrolyse basique et iodolactonisation).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970) 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 2 (1970), S. 109-121 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Carbon-13 spectra of 59 α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids have been measured. Large differential shieldings of ethylenic carbons in the cis and trans isomers of acrylic acid derivatives were found (altogether 15 isomeric Z- and E-pairs of acids were investigated). The origin of differential shieldings is complex and both molecular ground states as well as changes in excited states appear to be involved. All measured 13C chemical shifts can be described by additive parameters that provide a straightforward new technique by which structural assignments can be made for a wide variety of isomeric mono-, di- and tri- substituted α,β-unsaturated acids.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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