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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rare clinical presentation of blastomycosis (1978)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 2 (1978), S. 239-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Blastomycosis ; Bone ; Pulmonary ; Skin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract North American blastomycosis is a multisystem disease, primarily affecting the lungs and skin. The skeleton is affected in approximately 50% of cases. Bone symptoms as the primary clinical complaint are exceedingly rare. Two such cases are presented together with a brief discussion of this rare disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347400
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell mediated immunity to allografts of fresh and treated bone (1978)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 2 (1978), S. 171-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Bone ; Allograft
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auteurs ont étudié chez des rats consanguins la capacité des greffes osseuses fraîches ou conservées à provoquer des réponses immunes cellulaires. Cette réaction a été estimée grâce au test du rejet accéléré et au test de migration des leucocytes. Le premier, bien que relativement imprécis, a mis en évidence une sensibilisation chez la plupart des receveurs de ces greffes fraîches ou congelées. L'importance de cette sensibilisation est fonction des souches de rats utilisées. La plupart des receveurs n'ont pas été sensibilisés par l'os lyophilisé. Par contre, le test de nigration des leucocytes a nettement montre que des greffes d'os frais, spongieux ou cortical, ainsi que celles d'os congelé, sensibilisent les receveurs, L'os lyophilisé n'a sensibilisé que 30% des receveurs. La suppression des cellules de la moëlle de ces greffes n'empêche pas le déclenchement de l'immunité cellulaire. Les auteurs discutent la signification de ces constatations.
    Notes: Summary The ability of fresh and preserved bone grafts to evoke cell mediated immune responses has been studied in inbred rats. The second set skin graft assay and leucocyte migration (LM) test have been used for this purpose. The former test proved to be rather insensitive but indicated sensitisation in most recipients of fresh and frozen bone grafts. The degree of sensitisation was dependent upon the strain combination used. Freeze-dried bone did not sensitise the majority of recipients. The leucocyte migration assay showed clearly that grafts of fresh cancellous or cortical bone, or frozen bone do sensitise the host. Freeze-dried bone sensitised only 30% of recipients. It was also found that removal of bone marrow cells from the grafts did not impair immunogenicity with respect to cell mediated immunity. The implications of these findings are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265761
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chondrosarcoma (1978)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 2 (1978), S. 333-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Bone ; Neoplasm ; Chondrosarcoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 163 cas de chondrosarcome repertoriés dans le Swedish Cancer Registry entre 1958 et 1968 ont été soumis à une analyse multifactorielle. 25, 38 et 35% étaient respectivement, fortement, modérément, et faiblement différenciés, et 2% étaient du type mésenchymateux. Les formes modérément et faiblement différenciées montraient habituellement une anaplasie généralisée, des noyaux multiples et souvent pâles, des nucléoles distincts, des images de mitoses et parfois des foyers de cellules fusiformes. Le degré de cellularité n'était pas en rapport avec la différenciation. Le pronostic dépend de la taille de la tumeur, de l'importance de sa vascularisation ainsi que de son stade histologique. Le siège de la tumeur est un élément primordial pour décider de l'importance de l'exérèse chirurgicale. La survie est liée à l'ablation primitive et radicale de la tumeur, par résection ou amputation. Indépendamment des particularités cliniques ou de celles de la tumeur, le meilleur traitement dans chaque cas consiste dans l'exérèse complète de la tumeur, en préservant la fonction dans la mesure du possible.
    Notes: Summary All cases of unequivocal chondrosarcoma recorded in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 to 1968 were subjected to a multifactorial analysis. Of a total of 163 chondrosarcomas 25, 38 and 35% respectively were well, moderately and poorly differentiated, and 2% were of mesenchymal type. The moderately and poorly differentiated tumours characteristically exhibited general anaplasia, multiple often pale nuclei, distinct nucleoli, mitotic figures and occasionally spindle cell foci. The degree of cellularity was not of decisive value in differentiation. The prognosis was influenced by the extent and degree of vascularisation of the tumour and by the histopathological grading. The localisation of the tumour was of major importance in deciding the extent of operative treatment and prognosis. Primary radical removalen bloc by resection or ablative surgery was decisive for survival. Irrespective of the clinical and tumour variations, optimum treatment in individual cases involves complete removal of the tumour and, as far as possible, preservation of function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571818
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diabetische Osteomyelopathie: histobioptische Befunde am Knochen und Knochenmark bei Diabetes mellitus (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 743-754 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bone ; Bone marrow ; Bone marrow biopsy ; Immunhistology ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetic microangiopathy ; Diabetic osteomyelopathy ; Knochen ; Knochenmark ; Myelotomie ; Immunhistologie ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetische Mikroangiopathie ; Diabetische Osteomyelopathie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Beckenkammbiopsien von 118 Patienten mit manifestem Diabetes mellitus wurden histologisch und histomorphometrisch ausgewertet und mit den klinischen Daten verglichen. Die histobioptischen Ergebnisse zeigen, daß sich die „diabetische Mikroangiopathie“ auch im Gefäßsystem des Knochenmarkes manifestiert. Mit Betonung im Bereich der Arteriolen und Kapillaren waren einerseits exsudativ-degenerative Wandveränderungen, andererseits entzündlich-fibrosierende perivaskuläre Reaktionen nachweisbar. Pathogenetisch sind diese Gefäßveränderungen bei Diabetes mellitus im Rahmen einer biochemisch veränderten Basalmembran mit erhöhter Permeabilität für Plasmaproteine zu erklären, die wiederum eine perivaskuläre Entzündungsreaktion auslösen. Neben der angiologischen Beurteilung des Diabetikers ermöglicht die Beckenkammbiopsie auch differenzierte und quantifizierbare Aussagen über hämatologische und osteologische Probleme im Rahmen des diabetischen Spätsyndroms. Bisher unbekannt war bei Diabetes mellitus die ausgeprägte Entzündungsreaktion des Knochenmarkstromas, die mit den serologischen Entzündungsparametern korreliert und sich klinisch häufig als sog. Infektanämie äußert. Eine Beteiligung der beschriebenen Myelitis an der Pathogenese des markatrophisch-osteoporotischen Bildes bei Diabetes mellitus kann angenommen werden. Knochenveränderungen bei Diabetes mellitus treten gegenüber einem altersentsprechenden Normalkollektiv signifikant häufiger auf und manifestieren sich als rarefizierende Osteopathie ohne wesentliche Umbausteigerung. Als Ursache kommen neben der dia betischen Mikroangiopathie mit begleitender Myelitis zahlreiche andere Faktoren, wie Störung der Kollagensynthese, des Kalziumstoffwechsels sowie Bewegungsmangel in Frage. Übereinstimmend mit den Ergebnissen anderer Autoren wiesen die Patienten mit Insulin-Therapie gegenüber oral eingestellten Diabetikern einen geringeren Osteoporosegrad auf. Unsere Ergebnisse erlauben die morphologische und klinische Definition einer diabetischen Osteomyelopathie mit eigenständiger Pathogenese. Sie ist charakterisiert durch 1. exsudativ-entzündliche Veränderungen der Knochenmarkgefäße, 2. plasmazelluläre Myelitis mit markatrophischer Komponente, 3. Osteoporose ohne nachweisbare Umbausteigerung.
    Notes: Summary Iliac crest biopsies from 118 patients with manifest diabetes were evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically and compared with the clinical data. The histobioptic results show that “diabetic microangiopathy” is also manifest in the vascular system of the bone marrow. Exudative degenerative changes in the vessel wall on the one hand, and inflammatory fibrosing perivascular reactions on the other were accentuated in the region of the arterioles and capillaries. These vascular changes in diabetes mellitus can be attributed to a biochemically altered basal membrane with increased permeability for plasma protein which, in turn, set up a perivascular inflammatory reaction. In addition to the angiological assessment of diabetics, iliac crest biopsy also permits differentiated and quantifiable statements on the haematological and osteological problems involved in the late diabetic syndrome. The marked inflammatory reaction of the bone marrow stroma was previously unknown in diabetes mellitus; it correlates with the serological inflammatory parameters and frequently becomes manifest as “anemia of chronic disorders”. It can be assumed that this reaction also takes part in the pathogenesis of the atrophy of the bone marrow and osteoporosis in diabetes mellitus. Bone changes in the form of atrophic osteopathy without essentially increased bone remodeling are to be found more frequently in diabetes mellitus than in a normal collective of similar age. In addition to diabetic microangiopathy with concomitant inflammation, numerous other causes such as disturbances of collagen synthesis, of calcium metabolism and lack of movement are to be considered. In accordance with other authors, the patients on insulin therapy showed a smaller degree of osteoporosis than orally adjusted diabetics. For these pathogenetic reasons, a specific diabetic osteomyelopathy can be established. It is characterised by: 1. exudative inflammatory changes of the bone marrow vessels, 2. plasmocytic marrow reactions and parenchymal reduction 3. osteoporosis without signs of increased remodeling of the bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476763
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reaction of different skeletal sites to metabolic bone disease — A micromorphometric study (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 755-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Knochenhistologie urämischer Osteopathie ; Calciumstoffwechsel ; metabolische Knochenerkrankungen ; Mikromorphometrie ; Bone ; Metabolic Bone Disease ; Uremic Osteodystrophy ; Calcium Metabolism ; Malignant Tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary It is unknown whether histomorphometric parameters of bone surface remodelling change uniformly throughout the skeleton in metabolic bone disease. In patients without skeletal disease (n=8), in patients with chronic renal failure (n=13) and in patients with malignant tumors (n=11), post mortem bone samples were taken from the core of the 5th lumbar vertebra, from the iliac crest, from the femural head and from the interepicondylar portion of the distal femur. Histomorphometric analysis was carried out in undecalcified sections stained after Masson-Goldner. The dispersion of histomorphometric parameters between the different skeletal sites (cancellous bone) was evaluated by analysis of variance. There existed marked differences in the surface extension of the histomorphometric parameters which are related to bone remodelling, suggesting marked differences in the local remodelling rates (iliac crest 〉 lumbar vertebra 〉 femural head 〉 distal femur). In patients with bone disease all histomorphometric parameters changed uniformly throughout the skeleton with the exception of inactive osteoid. The study shows that in metabolic bone disease local factors do not interfere with remodelling in response to systemic factors. It also provides evidence that bone biopsy samples from iliac crest spongiosa reflect with reasonable accuracy the changes occurring elsewhere in the skeleton, although inactive osteoid may accumulate in the iliac crest out of proportion to its increase in low-turnover sites.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei skelettgesunden Kontrollpersonen (n=8), bei Patienten mit chronischer Niereninsuffizienz (n=13) und bei Patienten mit malignen Tumoren (n=11) wurden post mortem Knochenbiopsie-Proben aus dem 5. Lendenwirbelkörper, aus dem Bekkenkamm, aus dem Femurkopf und aus dem interepikondylären Teil des distalen Femur entnommen. Unentkalkte, nach Masson-Goldner gefärbte Dünnschnitte wurden histomorphometrisch untersucht. Die Varianz einzelner histomorphometrischer Parameter zwischen den unterschiedlichen Skelettorten wurde durch Varianzanalyse überprüft. Die histomorphometrischen Parameter, welche in Beziehung zum inneren Knochenumbau stehen, waren in den einzelnen Skelettorten außerordentlich unterschiedlich. Die lokalen Umbauraten differieren daher wahrscheinlich stark (Beckenkamm 〉 Lendenwirbelkörper 〉 Femurkopf 〉 distaler Femur). Bei Patienten mit Knochenerkrankungen änderten sich alle histomorphometrischen Parameter gleichsinnig an allen untersuchten Skelettorten. Lediglich die Volumendichte und die Oberflächendichte inaktiven Osteoids zeigte in den einzelnen Skelettorten ein signifikant unterschiedliches Verhalten. Die Untersuchung belegt, daß bei systemischen Knochenerkrankungen lokale Faktoren nicht die Antwort des Skeletts auf systemische Stimuli beeinträchtigen. Die Messergebnisse belegen, daß Knochenbiopsie-Proben aus der Beckenkammspongiosa mit hinreichender Genauigkeit die Vorgänge widerspiegeln, die in anderen Skelettorten ablaufen. Lediglich für inaktives Osteoid konnte bei urämischen Patienten gezeigt werden, daß in der Beckenkammspongiosa eine — im Vergleich zu Skelettorten mit niedrigerer Umbaugeschwindigkeit — überproportioniert starke Akumulation stattfindet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01476764
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of growth retardation and of osteomalacia on the uptake of albumin by bone (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Albumin ; Bone ; Growth retardation ; Osteomalacia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary 125I-labeled rat albumin injected intravenously into rats was taken up by growing bone. Some of this radioactive albumin could be removed from bone by washing with saline, the proportion so removed decreasing from 82.5% at 1 day to 7.4% at 8 days. Both the total radioactivity, and that remaining in bone after saline wash, were reduced when growth was slowed by alteration or restriction of the diet. Although the amount of125I albumin in rachitic bone was reduced, autoradiography showed that radioactivity was present in rachitic osteoid. Immunoprecipitation using anti-rat-albumin serum showed that about half of the radioactivity released from normal bone by EDTA was still attached to albumin. These results suggest that albumin plays some part in the growth of bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010748
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative histology of bone: A computerized method of measuring the total mineral content of bone (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 26 (1978), S. 85-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Histology ; Microradiography ; Densitometry ; Computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A comparatively simple quantitative method for assessing bone morphology has been evolved. Microradiographs of thin sections of mandible have been scanned with a Joyce-Loebl double beam recording microdensitometer with a scanning autodensidater attachment, using a white beam. For each image the optical densities for all the pixels (picture elements) were divided into 10 groups. The limits of the division were fixed by the maximum and minimum densities occurring within the image. A computer generated map was produced which indicated the spatial distribution of the pixels within each group to which an arbitrarily chosen shading was attached. The number of pixels within each group is also shown on the map. The computer map was compared with the photomicrograph and, where necessary, the original section. The fractional area of hard tissue was then readily determined using the numerical values of each group of pixels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013239
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface area of dental enamel, bone, and hydroxyapatite: Chemisorption from solution (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 26 (1978), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Chemisorption ; Surface area ; Hydroxyapatite ; Bone ; Enamel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The surface areas of three different samples of hydroxyapatite, samples of deproteinized bone, and samples of whole and deproteinized enamel were determined by adsorption of an adduct (the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with N-phenylglycine) from methylene chloride solution. In all cases, the surface areas of these samples agree well with those obtained by the BET (N2) method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013248
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of mithramycin on boneβ-glucuronidase and resorption (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 26 (1978), S. 209-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Mithramycin ; Bone ; β-Glucuronidase ; KT medium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Mithramycin suppresses bone resorption. Its effect on the synthesis and release of β-glucuronidase (a referent for lysosomal enzymes) in mouse calvarial explants was studied in an in vitro culture system. A newly described medium (designated as KT medium) was introduced in this specific study. Mithramycin initially inhibited the release of β-glucuronidase into the medium and resulted in an ultimate accumulation of this enzyme in the bone. These results suggest that inhibition of bone resorption by mithramycin may be attributed to interference in release of lysosomal enzymes from bone cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013260
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oestrogen binding proteins in bone cell cytosol (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 249-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Oestrogens ; Oestrogen receptors ; Binding proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Attempts were made to demonstrate the presence of specific oestrogen binding proteins (“receptors”) in bone cells. High speed cytosol preparations of bone were incubated with several concentrations of radioactive oestradiol alone and with radioactive oestradiol in the presence of a specific antioestrogen, Nafoxidine. Separation of bound and free oestradiol was carried out by dextran coated charcoal treatment and by sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. Several types of bones likely to be oestrogen-sensitive were investigated: human femoral heads, human phalanx, rat and rabbit calvaria, humeri and femora of female rats. In all experiments we were unable to demonstrate the presence of specific oestrogen receptors in bone cell cytosol indicating that the direct effect of oestrogens on bone, if present, is not mediated by specific oestrogen receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010778
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiogenic free radicals as molecular probes in bone (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: ESR ; Radiation free radicals ; CO3-Apatites ; Bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Exposure of bone mineral to X-rays generates free radicals. These are usually very labile, but can be stabilized at liquid nitrogen temperatures for study by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The free radicals thus detected in the present study included one with resonances arising from an electron excess center and 2 species with electron-deficit centers: a phosphate anion radical and a radical associated with carbonate. Each of these radicals seemed to be located chiefly at the mineral surface and was sensitive to the surface environment. Presence of an organic phase, as in whole bone, modified free radical production in a manner that suggests interference with the formation of electron deficit centers. Comparison with other synthetic minerals suggests that precipitated carbonateapatites are good models for bone mineral.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010749
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sex steroids on bone collagen synthesis in vitro (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Progesterone ; 17β estradiol ; Testosterone ; Tissue culture ; Bone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Although sex steroids are known to affect skeletal metabolism, their effects on bone collagen synthesis have not been studied. We have examined the direct effects of progesterone, 17β estradiol, testosterone, 5α dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone on bone collagen and noncollagen protein synthesis in cultures of calvaria obtained from 21-day fetal rats. Bones were incubated for 24 to 168 h and3H-proline was added for the last 2 h of culture. Incorporation of the label into collagenase-digestible protein (CDP)1 and noncollagen protein (NCP) was determined using repurified bacterial collagenase. Progesterone caused a dose dependent inhibition of the labeling of CDP at concentrations of 3×10−7 M to 10−5 M after 96 h of culture. A smaller inhibitory effect was observed on NCP. The inhibitory effect was slow in onset and persisted when bones were incubated for 48 h with progesterone and then transferred to control medium for 48 h. Progesterone also inhibited the incorporation of3H-thymidine and3H-uridine into fetal rat calvaria. After 24 h of culture, 17β estradiol and testosterone had no effects on the labeling of CDP and NCP. After 96 h, 17β estradiol had a small and inconsistent stimulatory effect on the labeling of CDP but testosterone had no effect. Neither hormone altered the inhibitory effects of parathyroid hormone, cortisol and progesterone. Dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone had no effects after 24 h and 96 h of culture. 17β estradiol, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone did not affect the incorporation of3H-uridine or3H-thymidine into fetal rat calvaria. Our studies indicate that progesterone is an inhibitor of bone collagen synthesis and estrogens and androgens are not major regulators of bone formation in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010758
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective stimulation of net calcium efflux from chick embryo tibiae by parathyroid hormone in vitro (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 227-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Parathyroid hormone ; Bone ; Calcium ; Chick embryo ; Organ culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to measure in an in vitro system the movement of Ca and phosphate (Pi) out of bone when treated with parathyroid hormone (PTH). Tibiae from 13-day chick embryos were incubated for up to 8 h in a defined medium containing 1.8 mM Ca. Medium samples were collected every 2 h and were analyzed for Ca, Pi and lactate. Net effluxes from the bones were calculated. When bones were incubated with PTH in the medium (1 U/ml), net Ca efflux was increased 44, 60 and 100% at 4, 6 and 8 h, respectively. At no time was net Pi efflux affected by the hormone. The well known PTH-stimulated lactate production was not seen until 8 h. Lower doses of PTH (0.1 and 0.3 U/ml) were also effective. Comparing PTH (1 U/ml) responsiveness at higher (2.2 mM) and lower (0.9 mM) medium Ca concentrations, showed that with 2.2 mM Ca no increased Ca efflux was seen, while with 0.9 mM Ca significant elevation in medium Ca occurred 2 h sooner than in the experiments using 1.8 mM Ca. In another experiment, varying the medium Pi level from 1 to 2 mM had no effect on the Ca response to PTH. In neither experiment was Pi release affected by PTH. The results of this study have led to the following conclusions: (1) PTH acts on bone to cause an early dose related increase in net Ca efflux; (2) the effect is specific for Ca, since it is not accompanied by an increased Pi efflux, and may be saturated by raising the medium Ca level; and (3) PTH-stimulated Ca efflux in this system is not correlated with, and is probably not a result of increased lactate production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010774
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A bone resorbing substance from bovine serum albumin (brA) (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 25 (1978), S. 233-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone ; Bone resorption ; Albumin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary A fraction (brA), which causes resorption of fetal rat bones in vitro, has been concentrated from bovine serum albumin by anion exchange column chromatography on DEAE Sephadex. This active fraction has also been prepared using DEAE Sephadex A-50 by a batch method with a 0.09M NaCl, 0.1M TRIS buffer, pH 8.35. BrA was 10–30 times more potent than the original albumin. The retained material, which constitutes the bulk of the protein and has less activity than the original albumin, elutes with 0.45M NaCl. Similar treatment of serumα,β or γ globulins does not yield brA. Further enhancement of the bone resorbing activity of brA can be obtained with (NH4)2SO4 fractionation or extraction with CH3OH∶CHCl3. Heating at 55° C for 2 h or at 100° C for 10 min does not affect the activity; overnight incubation with protease destroys the bone resorbing effect. The bone resorbing activity is not removed by dialysis and does not correlate with the protease activity of the fraction. The action of brA is inhibited by 3 mM PO4, 1 μg/ml calcitonin or glucagon, 10−7 M dexamethasone or 0.02 μg/ml actinomycin D. The bone resorbing activity of brA is partially inhibited by 10−7–10−5 M indomethacin. PTH did not elicit bone resorption when added to cultures incubated in chemically defined medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/ml brA. However, brA did not inhibit PTH-induced resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02010775
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of osteoclastic bone resorption: A new hypothesis (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 26 (1978), S. 81-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoclasts ; Bone ; Resorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Osteoclastic bone resorption involves the solubilization of the mineral salts and the degradation of noncollagen bone matrix and collagen fibrils. As no recognizable collagen fibrils have ever been reported within cytoplasmic vacuoles in osteoclasts, it is generally assumed that the collagen fibrils are digested extracellularly in the resorption zone. The extent to which lysis occurs extracellularly and whether or not the osteoclasts phagocytose the degradation products remain to be established. In the present communication, a hypothesis is presented suggesting the possibility that osteoclastic resorption of bone involves the participation of two different cell types. According to this hypothesis, osteoclastic bone resorption is initiated by osteoclasts that demineralize areas of bone and degrade noncollagen bone matrix. After the osteoclasts have moved away or become partially detached from the demineralized site, the exposed collagen fibrils are phagocytosed by mononuclear, fibroblast-like or monocyte-derived cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013238
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of chronic centrifugation on bone density of the dog (1978)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 153 (1978), S. 321-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Bone ; Femur ; Density ; Hypergravity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixteen male Beagle dogs, 293 to 509 days old, were exposed almost continuously for 3 months to 2.0 G on a 7.9 m radius centrifuge. The dogs were maintained on the centrifuge by means of a specially designed, automated waste disposal and life support system. Bone density was measured by a 125I Profile Scanner in the anterior, medial, posterior and lateral cortex of the femoral mid-shaft. As compared to mean density in the femora of normal gravity controls, centrifuged dogs showed a 0.8% (P〈0.05) lower mean linear absorption in their femora. However, the regression of density on the square-root of cross-sectional area/π differs very significantly in the animals living at earth gravity and those living at hypergravity. Thin hypergravic bones are denser, thick hypergravic ones are less dense than the corresponding ones of normal gravity controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315934
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscope study of separated calcospherites from the matrices of different mineralizing systems (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 26 (1978), S. 47-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Matrix vesicles ; Calcospherites ; Mineralization ; Bone ; Dentin ; Cartilage ; SEM
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Mineral particle cluster, corresponding to calcospherites or matrix vesicle-initiated clusters in calcifying cartilage and dentin and to collagen bundle-related mineralization in lamellar bone, have been isolated from NaOCl solutions used to dissolve the organic matrix in preparation of anorganic mineralizing fronts for scanning electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013233
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma disappearance of rabbit α2 HS-glycoprotein and its uptake by bone tissue (1978)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 26 (1978), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Plasma protein ; Glycoprotein ; Bone ; Glucosamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Plasmaα 2HS-glycoprotein is specifically accumulated in calcified tissues. In the present studies this glycoprotein was isolated from plasma and after iodination with iodine-125 was injected intravenously into young rabbits. The tissue distribution and plasma disappearance rate of this radioactively labeled material were determined. Of the various tissues studied, bone showed the greatest retention of labeled glycoprotein expressed as percentage of the injected dose per gram tissue relative to the plasma content. The rate of loss of iodinatedα 2HS-glycoprotein from plasma was similar to that ofα 2HS-glycoprotein labeled endogenously by using14C-glucosamine or3H-glucosamine. The uptake of exogenously labeled3I-α 2HS-glycoprotein into bone tissue expressed as a percentage of the injected dose was similar to that of endogenously labeled14C-α 2HS-glycoprotein. These results suggest that the125I-labeled material can be used to study further the metabolism ofα 2HS-glycoprotein by bone tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02013251
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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